Effects of Various Fuels on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Four-Stroke Dual-Fuel Marine Engine

A numerical study was carried out to investigate the effects of methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10), and dimethyl ether (DME) on the combustion and emission characteristics of a four-stroke gas-diesel dual-fuel (DF) marine engine at full load. Three-dimensional simulations o...

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Published inJournal of marine science and engineering Vol. 9; no. 10; p. 1072
Main Authors Pham, Van Chien, Rho, Beom-Seok, Kim, Jun-Soo, Lee, Won-Ju, Choi, Jae-Hyuk
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.10.2021
Subjects
Alternative fuels
Butane
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide emissions
Combustion
Cylinders
Delay time
Diesel
Diesel engines
Dimethyl ether
dimethyl ether (DME)
Dual fuel
dual-fuel (DF) engine
emission
Emission analysis
Emission standards
Emissions
Engine cylinders
Engines
Environmental regulations
Ethane
Fuels
Gases
Heat
Hydrocarbons
Injection
Liquefied natural gas
LPG
Marine engines
Methane
methane (CH4)
Natural gas
Nitric oxide
Peak pressure
Propane
Shipping industry
Simulation
Soot
start of injection (SOI)
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Abstract A numerical study was carried out to investigate the effects of methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10), and dimethyl ether (DME) on the combustion and emission characteristics of a four-stroke gas-diesel dual-fuel (DF) marine engine at full load. Three-dimensional simulations of the combustion process and emission formation inside the engine cylinder in the diesel and DF modes were performed using the AVL FIRE R2018a simulation software to analyze the in-cylinder pressure, temperature, and emission characteristics. The simulation results agreed well with the measured values reported in the engine shop test technical data. The simulation results showed reductions in the in-cylinder peak pressure and temperatures, as well as the emission formations, in the DF modes in comparison to the diesel mode. The DF mode could significantly reduce nitric oxide (NO) emissions (up to 96.225%) of DME compared to the diesel mode. Meanwhile, C3H8 and CH4 fuels effectively reduced the soot (up to 82.78%) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (by 21.33%), respectively, compared to the diesel mode. However, the results also showed longer ignition delay times of the combustion processes when the engine operated in the DF mode, particularly in the DME-diesel mode. The combustion and emission characteristics of the engine were also analyzed when varying the injection timing; the results showed that applying the injection timing adjustment method could further address NO emission problems but led to a decrease in the engine power. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the benefits and disadvantages of adopting the injection timing adjustment strategy to address certain engine emission problems. This study successfully analyzed the benefits of using various gas fuels as alternative fuels and the injection timing adjustment method in DF marine engines to meet the International Maritime Organization (IMO) emission regulations without the use of any emission after-treatment devices.
AbstractList A numerical study was carried out to investigate the effects of methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10), and dimethyl ether (DME) on the combustion and emission characteristics of a four-stroke gas-diesel dual-fuel (DF) marine engine at full load. Three-dimensional simulations of the combustion process and emission formation inside the engine cylinder in the diesel and DF modes were performed using the AVL FIRE R2018a simulation software to analyze the in-cylinder pressure, temperature, and emission characteristics. The simulation results agreed well with the measured values reported in the engine shop test technical data. The simulation results showed reductions in the in-cylinder peak pressure and temperatures, as well as the emission formations, in the DF modes in comparison to the diesel mode. The DF mode could significantly reduce nitric oxide (NO) emissions (up to 96.225%) of DME compared to the diesel mode. Meanwhile, C3H8 and CH4 fuels effectively reduced the soot (up to 82.78%) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (by 21.33%), respectively, compared to the diesel mode. However, the results also showed longer ignition delay times of the combustion processes when the engine operated in the DF mode, particularly in the DME-diesel mode. The combustion and emission characteristics of the engine were also analyzed when varying the injection timing; the results showed that applying the injection timing adjustment method could further address NO emission problems but led to a decrease in the engine power. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the benefits and disadvantages of adopting the injection timing adjustment strategy to address certain engine emission problems. This study successfully analyzed the benefits of using various gas fuels as alternative fuels and the injection timing adjustment method in DF marine engines to meet the International Maritime Organization (IMO) emission regulations without the use of any emission after-treatment devices.
Author Kim, Jun-Soo
Choi, Jae-Hyuk
Pham, Van Chien
Rho, Beom-Seok
Lee, Won-Ju
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Snippet A numerical study was carried out to investigate the effects of methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10), and dimethyl ether (DME) on the...
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proquest
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StartPage 1072
SubjectTerms Alternative fuels
Butane
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide emissions
Combustion
Cylinders
Delay time
Diesel
Diesel engines
Dimethyl ether
dimethyl ether (DME)
Dual fuel
dual-fuel (DF) engine
emission
Emission analysis
Emission standards
Emissions
Engine cylinders
Engines
Environmental regulations
Ethane
Fuels
Gases
Heat
Hydrocarbons
Injection
Liquefied natural gas
LPG
Marine engines
Methane
methane (CH4)
Natural gas
Nitric oxide
Peak pressure
Propane
Shipping industry
Simulation
Soot
start of injection (SOI)
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Title Effects of Various Fuels on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Four-Stroke Dual-Fuel Marine Engine
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