Platelet-Rich Plasma Influences Expansion and Paracrine Function of Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells in a Dose-Dependent Fashion

• Published in: Plastic and reconstructive surgery (1963) Vol. 137; no. 3; p. 554e
• Main Authors: Willemsen, Joep C N, Spiekman, Maroesjka, Stevens, H P Jeroen, van der Lei, Berend, Harmsen, Martin C
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.03.2016
• Subjects: Adipocytes - cytology; Adipocytes - physiology; Animals; Cattle; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Proliferation - physiology; Cells, Cultured; Collagen Type I - genetics; Culture Media, Conditioned; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Mesenchymal Stem Cells - cytology; Paracrine Communication; Platelet-Rich Plasma; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods; Sensitivity and Specificity
• DOI: 10.1097/01.prs.0000479995.04255.bb

Lipofilling is a treatment modality to restore tissue volume. Both platelet-rich plasma and adipose-derived stromal cells have been reported to augment the efficacy of lipofilling, yet results are not conclusive. The authors hypothesized that the variation reported in literature is caused by a dose-dependent influence of platelet-rich plasma on adipose-derived stromal cells. Whole blood (n = 3) was used to generate platelet-rich plasma, which was diluted with Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium to 15%, 5%, and 1.7%, with 15% platelet-poor plasma and 10% fetal calf serum as controls. Pooled adipose-derived stromal cells (n = 3) were cultured in these media. Gene expression was assessed, along with angiogenic sprouting of endothelial cells by conditioned medium and platelet-rich plasma. platelet-rich plasma in culture medium affected the expression of genes in a dose-dependent manner. The 15% concentration stimulated proliferation almost eightfold. Mesenchymal markers were unaffected. Interestingly, expression of collagens type 1 and 3 increased at lower concentrations, whereas transforming growth factor-β showed reduced expression in lower concentrations. Proangiogenic gene expression was unaltered or strongly reduced in a dose-dependent manner. platelet-rich plasma promoted endothelial sprouting and survival in a dose-dependent manner; however, conditioned medium from adipose-derived stromal cells exposed to platelet-rich plasma blocked endothelial sprouting capabilities. The dose-dependent influence of platelet-rich plasma on the therapeutic capacity of adipose-derived stromal cells conditioned medium in vitro warrants caution in clinical trials.