Investigation of Debonding Effect in Internal Replacement Pipe System Under Lateral Loading

The aging pipeline infrastructure around the world necessitates immediate rehabilitation. Internal replacement pipe (IRP) is a trenchless system offering a versatile and cost-effective solution across a variety of industries, including oil, natural gas, water, and wastewater. As a structural pipelin...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inApplied sciences Vol. 14; no. 22; p. 10509
Main Authors Tien, Tri C. M., Manalo, Allan, Dixon, Patrick, Karunasena, Warna, Ahmadi, Hamid, Kiriella, Shanika, Salah, Ahmad, Wham, Brad P.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.11.2024
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Loading…
Abstract The aging pipeline infrastructure around the world necessitates immediate rehabilitation. Internal replacement pipe (IRP) is a trenchless system offering a versatile and cost-effective solution across a variety of industries, including oil, natural gas, water, and wastewater. As a structural pipeline repair system, IRPs are subject to lateral deformation because of surface traffic loading. The present study evaluates the impact of adhesion between the host pipe and the IRP, with a focus on assessing the debonding effect on the behavior of the repair system under lateral deformation and bending. This was achieved using a comprehensive approach, including experimental, numerical, and analytical techniques. Varying levels of adhesive strength resulting from different methods of surface preparation were considered. The effectiveness of the IRP system on both discontinuous host pipes with various crack widths and continuous host pipes was also investigated. The results demonstrate that adhesive strength exerts a significant influence on the repair system, especially in the case of narrow circumferential cracks, while its impact on the continuous system is minimal. For optimal performance, it is essential to choose adhesives that possess sufficient shear strength while also accounting for the required debonding length. This approach ensures that minor discontinuities are effectively controlled, thereby enhancing the system′s fatigue life. The reliable determination of the maximum allowable shear strength for the adhesive or the debonding length can ensure that it does not negatively affect fatigue life. The findings presented in this study offer new insights into the development of trenchless repair techniques that can enhance system performance and extend service life.
AbstractList The aging pipeline infrastructure around the world necessitates immediate rehabilitation. Internal replacement pipe (IRP) is a trenchless system offering a versatile and cost-effective solution across a variety of industries, including oil, natural gas, water, and wastewater. As a structural pipeline repair system, IRPs are subject to lateral deformation because of surface traffic loading. The present study evaluates the impact of adhesion between the host pipe and the IRP, with a focus on assessing the debonding effect on the behavior of the repair system under lateral deformation and bending. This was achieved using a comprehensive approach, including experimental, numerical, and analytical techniques. Varying levels of adhesive strength resulting from different methods of surface preparation were considered. The effectiveness of the IRP system on both discontinuous host pipes with various crack widths and continuous host pipes was also investigated. The results demonstrate that adhesive strength exerts a significant influence on the repair system, especially in the case of narrow circumferential cracks, while its impact on the continuous system is minimal. For optimal performance, it is essential to choose adhesives that possess sufficient shear strength while also accounting for the required debonding length. This approach ensures that minor discontinuities are effectively controlled, thereby enhancing the system′s fatigue life. The reliable determination of the maximum allowable shear strength for the adhesive or the debonding length can ensure that it does not negatively affect fatigue life. The findings presented in this study offer new insights into the development of trenchless repair techniques that can enhance system performance and extend service life.
Featured ApplicationRehabilitation of Oil and Gas Pipelines.AbstractThe aging pipeline infrastructure around the world necessitates immediate rehabilitation. Internal replacement pipe (IRP) is a trenchless system offering a versatile and cost-effective solution across a variety of industries, including oil, natural gas, water, and wastewater. As a structural pipeline repair system, IRPs are subject to lateral deformation because of surface traffic loading. The present study evaluates the impact of adhesion between the host pipe and the IRP, with a focus on assessing the debonding effect on the behavior of the repair system under lateral deformation and bending. This was achieved using a comprehensive approach, including experimental, numerical, and analytical techniques. Varying levels of adhesive strength resulting from different methods of surface preparation were considered. The effectiveness of the IRP system on both discontinuous host pipes with various crack widths and continuous host pipes was also investigated. The results demonstrate that adhesive strength exerts a significant influence on the repair system, especially in the case of narrow circumferential cracks, while its impact on the continuous system is minimal. For optimal performance, it is essential to choose adhesives that possess sufficient shear strength while also accounting for the required debonding length. This approach ensures that minor discontinuities are effectively controlled, thereby enhancing the system′s fatigue life. The reliable determination of the maximum allowable shear strength for the adhesive or the debonding length can ensure that it does not negatively affect fatigue life. The findings presented in this study offer new insights into the development of trenchless repair techniques that can enhance system performance and extend service life.
Rehabilitation of Oil and Gas Pipelines. The aging pipeline infrastructure around the world necessitates immediate rehabilitation. Internal replacement pipe (IRP) is a trenchless system offering a versatile and cost-effective solution across a variety of industries, including oil, natural gas, water, and wastewater. As a structural pipeline repair system, IRPs are subject to lateral deformation because of surface traffic loading. The present study evaluates the impact of adhesion between the host pipe and the IRP, with a focus on assessing the debonding effect on the behavior of the repair system under lateral deformation and bending. This was achieved using a comprehensive approach, including experimental, numerical, and analytical techniques. Varying levels of adhesive strength resulting from different methods of surface preparation were considered. The effectiveness of the IRP system on both discontinuous host pipes with various crack widths and continuous host pipes was also investigated. The results demonstrate that adhesive strength exerts a significant influence on the repair system, especially in the case of narrow circumferential cracks, while its impact on the continuous system is minimal. For optimal performance, it is essential to choose adhesives that possess sufficient shear strength while also accounting for the required debonding length. This approach ensures that minor discontinuities are effectively controlled, thereby enhancing the system′s fatigue life. The reliable determination of the maximum allowable shear strength for the adhesive or the debonding length can ensure that it does not negatively affect fatigue life. The findings presented in this study offer new insights into the development of trenchless repair techniques that can enhance system performance and extend service life.
Audience Academic
Author Kiriella, Shanika
Dixon, Patrick
Manalo, Allan
Salah, Ahmad
Ahmadi, Hamid
Karunasena, Warna
Wham, Brad P.
Tien, Tri C. M.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Tri C. M.
  surname: Tien
  fullname: Tien, Tri C. M.
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Allan
  surname: Manalo
  fullname: Manalo, Allan
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Patrick
  surname: Dixon
  fullname: Dixon, Patrick
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Warna
  orcidid: 0000-0003-3636-3068
  surname: Karunasena
  fullname: Karunasena, Warna
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Hamid
  orcidid: 0000-0002-6192-6275
  surname: Ahmadi
  fullname: Ahmadi, Hamid
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Shanika
  orcidid: 0009-0005-1831-5881
  surname: Kiriella
  fullname: Kiriella, Shanika
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Ahmad
  surname: Salah
  fullname: Salah, Ahmad
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Brad P.
  orcidid: 0000-0001-9754-3447
  surname: Wham
  fullname: Wham, Brad P.
BookMark eNpNkdFrFDEQxoNUsNa--QcEfPXazGZ3kzyW2urBgaL2yYcwm0yOHHfJmk0L_e_NeSLNPCR8fPNjMt9bdpZyIsbeg7iS0ohrnGfouw7EIMwrdt4JNa5kD-rsxfsNu1yWnWjHgNQgztmvdXqipcYt1pgTz4F_oiknH9OW34VArvKY-DpVKgn3_DvNe3R0oFT5tzgT__G8VDrwh-Sp8A02W3NtMh4B79jrgPuFLv_dF-zh_u7n7ZfV5uvn9e3NZuXkKOuKhqkbxDhI0hqFF-T9CEYHHwQGrTujDIzBgevVFJw3xg3QG0dKSDVoJHnB1ieuz7izc4kHLM82Y7R_hVy2FkuNbk9WTELSGMZeT9ADDSiVMSiJYARPvm-sDyfWXPLvx7YZu8uPx68vVoLsdC9kB811dXJtsUFjCrkWdK08HaJruYTY9BsNyshOGdUaPp4aXMnLUij8HxOEPcZnX8Yn_wCcSY26
Cites_doi 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106510
10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.117773
10.1119/1.1933222
10.1016/j.compstruct.2024.117910
10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104446
10.1115/1.2767345
10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106957
10.1016/j.ssci.2016.01.021
10.1002/app.40017
10.1080/13287982.2015.1092681
10.1016/j.compstruct.2023.117144
10.1016/j.istruc.2024.106247
10.1016/j.eng.2020.08.026
10.1061/9780784483190.030
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright COPYRIGHT 2024 MDPI AG
2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Copyright_xml – notice: COPYRIGHT 2024 MDPI AG
– notice: 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
ABUWG
AFKRA
AZQEC
BENPR
CCPQU
DWQXO
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PKEHL
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
DOA
DOI 10.3390/app142210509
DatabaseName CrossRef
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One
ProQuest Central
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic
Publicly Available Content (ProQuest)
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central Korea
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
DatabaseTitleList
CrossRef
Publicly Available Content Database

Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Open Access Full Text
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: BENPR
  name: ProQuest Central
  url: https://www.proquest.com/central
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Engineering
Sciences (General)
EISSN 2076-3417
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_0b03e6f648b141e5a3799a3ee161ded4
A817932797
10_3390_app142210509
GeographicLocations Australia
United States
Colorado
United States--US
GeographicLocations_xml – name: Colorado
– name: Australia
– name: United States
– name: United States--US
GroupedDBID .4S
2XV
5VS
7XC
8CJ
8FE
8FG
8FH
AADQD
AAFWJ
AAYXX
ADBBV
ADMLS
AFKRA
AFPKN
AFZYC
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
APEBS
ARCSS
BCNDV
BENPR
CCPQU
CITATION
CZ9
D1I
D1J
D1K
GROUPED_DOAJ
IAO
IGS
ITC
K6-
K6V
KC.
KQ8
L6V
LK5
LK8
M7R
MODMG
M~E
OK1
P62
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PROAC
TUS
PMFND
ABUWG
AZQEC
DWQXO
PKEHL
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
PUEGO
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c363t-e5b250653e88a0d0edd6198fdf0af88297916fc1c47bfcd99c5149ce703758ae3
IEDL.DBID DOA
ISSN 2076-3417
IngestDate Wed Aug 27 01:23:39 EDT 2025
Mon Jun 30 14:09:24 EDT 2025
Tue Jun 10 20:55:51 EDT 2025
Tue Jul 01 01:31:40 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 22
Language English
License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c363t-e5b250653e88a0d0edd6198fdf0af88297916fc1c47bfcd99c5149ce703758ae3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
ORCID 0000-0001-9754-3447
0009-0005-1831-5881
0000-0002-6192-6275
0000-0003-3636-3068
OpenAccessLink https://doaj.org/article/0b03e6f648b141e5a3799a3ee161ded4
PQID 3132840321
PQPubID 2032433
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_0b03e6f648b141e5a3799a3ee161ded4
proquest_journals_3132840321
gale_infotracacademiconefile_A817932797
crossref_primary_10_3390_app142210509
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2024-11-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2024-11-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 11
  year: 2024
  text: 2024-11-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace Basel
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Basel
PublicationTitle Applied sciences
PublicationYear 2024
Publisher MDPI AG
Publisher_xml – name: MDPI AG
References Tien (ref_19) 2023; 144
Ahmadi (ref_29) 2024; 62
Tafsirojjaman (ref_18) 2022; 140
Carbone (ref_11) 2017; 97
Bahaman (ref_13) 2024; 303
ref_17
Kiriella (ref_26) 2024; 331
ref_15
Kiriella (ref_16) 2023; 319
Fahimipirehgalin (ref_9) 2021; 7
Biezma (ref_12) 2020; 110
ref_24
ref_23
ref_22
ref_21
Mohammad (ref_25) 2014; 131
ref_20
Gresnigt (ref_10) 2007; 129
ref_1
ref_3
ref_2
ref_28
ref_27
ref_8
ref_5
ref_4
Sirimanna (ref_14) 2015; 16
ref_7
ref_6
References_xml – ident: ref_7
– ident: ref_5
– ident: ref_3
– volume: 140
  start-page: 106510
  year: 2022
  ident: ref_18
  article-title: Analysis of failure modes in pipe-in-pipe repair systems for water and gas pipelines
  publication-title: Eng. Fail. Anal.
  doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106510
– ident: ref_24
– volume: 303
  start-page: 117773
  year: 2024
  ident: ref_13
  article-title: Evaluating the reliability and integrity of composite pipelines in the oil and gas sector: A scientometric and systematic analysis
  publication-title: Ocean. Eng.
  doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.117773
– ident: ref_20
  doi: 10.1119/1.1933222
– volume: 331
  start-page: 117910
  year: 2024
  ident: ref_26
  article-title: Bending fatigue behaviour of internal replacement pipe systems
  publication-title: Compos. Struct.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2024.117910
– volume: 110
  start-page: 104446
  year: 2020
  ident: ref_12
  article-title: Most fatal oil & gas pipeline accidents through history: A lessons learned approach
  publication-title: Eng. Fail. Anal.
  doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104446
– ident: ref_1
– ident: ref_23
– ident: ref_21
– volume: 129
  start-page: 630
  year: 2007
  ident: ref_10
  article-title: Lateral Loading of Internally Pressurized Steel Pipes
  publication-title: J. Press. Vessel. Technol.
  doi: 10.1115/1.2767345
– volume: 144
  start-page: 106957
  year: 2023
  ident: ref_19
  article-title: Effects of the legacy pipe ends on the behaviour of pipe-in-pipe repair systems under internal pressure
  publication-title: Eng. Fail. Anal.
  doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106957
– ident: ref_6
– ident: ref_8
– ident: ref_4
– ident: ref_27
– ident: ref_2
– volume: 97
  start-page: 34
  year: 2017
  ident: ref_11
  article-title: Assessing the consequences of pipeline accidents to support land-use planning
  publication-title: Saf. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2016.01.021
– volume: 131
  start-page: 40017
  year: 2014
  ident: ref_25
  article-title: Lap shear strength and thermal stability of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol a/epoxy novolac adhesives with nanoreinforcing fillers
  publication-title: J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
  doi: 10.1002/app.40017
– ident: ref_15
– volume: 16
  start-page: 187
  year: 2015
  ident: ref_14
  article-title: Analysis of retrofitted corroded steel pipes using internally bonded FRP composite repair systems
  publication-title: Aust. J. Struct. Eng.
  doi: 10.1080/13287982.2015.1092681
– volume: 319
  start-page: 117144
  year: 2023
  ident: ref_16
  article-title: Lateral deformation behaviour of structural internal replacement pipe repair systems
  publication-title: Compos. Struct.
  doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2023.117144
– volume: 62
  start-page: 106247
  year: 2024
  ident: ref_29
  article-title: Temperature change-induced linear and nonlinear axial responses of internal replacement pipe (IRP) systems for pipeline rehabilitation incorporating the effects of soil friction
  publication-title: Structures
  doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2024.106247
– ident: ref_17
– volume: 7
  start-page: 758
  year: 2021
  ident: ref_9
  article-title: Automatic Visual Leakage Detection and Localization from Pipelines in Chemical Process Plants Using Machine Vision Techniques
  publication-title: Engineering
  doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.08.026
– ident: ref_22
– ident: ref_28
  doi: 10.1061/9780784483190.030
SSID ssj0000913810
Score 2.3005269
Snippet The aging pipeline infrastructure around the world necessitates immediate rehabilitation. Internal replacement pipe (IRP) is a trenchless system offering a...
Rehabilitation of Oil and Gas Pipelines. The aging pipeline infrastructure around the world necessitates immediate rehabilitation. Internal replacement pipe...
Featured ApplicationRehabilitation of Oil and Gas Pipelines.AbstractThe aging pipeline infrastructure around the world necessitates immediate rehabilitation....
SourceID doaj
proquest
gale
crossref
SourceType Open Website
Aggregation Database
Index Database
StartPage 10509
SubjectTerms adhesive
bonding
discontinuous
Failure
Fatigue
Fatigue testing machines
Finite element analysis
Gas transmission industry
Infrastructure
internal replacement pipe
Investigations
Materials
Natural gas
Pipes
surface preparation
trenchless
Wastewater
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: ProQuest Central
  dbid: BENPR
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1NT9wwEB3R5dIeEB-t2JYiH0DQQ1RnnTj2CQFitUKAEAIJqQfLHxOEhJLt7vL_60m8dHug1ySHaMYzfvPseQNwILW0wUqehTKIrIhrInO105kX0mvkGIKkbuTrGzl5KC4fy8dEuM3TtcplTuwSdWg9ceQ_SWIwFiNilJ9Mf2c0NYpOV9MIjQ-wHlOwUgNYP7u4ub17Y1lI9VLlvL_xLmJ9T-fCRHvkpHvyz17USfa_l5i73Wa8CRsJJrLT3q9bsIbNNnxaEQ_chq0UlnN2nLSjf-zArxXdjLZhbc0ooXSdK6wXKmbPDUs04AuL8JtodGII2e3zFFkvYM66aUjsylJ78gu7aruL9p_hYXxxfz7J0vwEsrRYZFi6CHBkKVApy0Nn-FyrOtTc1op6aiM2rH3ui8rVPmjtI3rSHiuai6ssii8waNoGd4FZjtIWnqR-Ih7gwWLhCEkE66yWyg3hcGlJM-1lMkwsL8jiZtXiQzgjM799Q-LW3YN29mRSrBjuuEBZy0K5vMixtKLS2grEiE4DhmIIR-QkQyG4mFlvUydB_FUSszKnirLOqNLVEPaWfjQpNufm70r6-v_X3-DjKEKYvvNwDwaL2St-jxBk4fbTOvsDfIDb4w
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
Title Investigation of Debonding Effect in Internal Replacement Pipe System Under Lateral Loading
URI https://www.proquest.com/docview/3132840321
https://doaj.org/article/0b03e6f648b141e5a3799a3ee161ded4
Volume 14
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrZ1LS8QwEMcHXS96EJ-4PpYcFPVQbDdtmhxVXEVURBQEDyGPKSxIV3T9_mbSrtSDePFaeggzzeQ_08xvAPaFEsYbkSa-8DzJwzeR2MqqxHHhFKbovaBu5Ns7cfWUXz8Xz51RX3QnrMEDN4Y7SW3KUVQilzbLMywML5UyHDFIFY8-kkDDmddJpmIMVhmhq5qb7jzk9fQ_mModGfFOfpxBEdX_W0COp8xoBZZbechOm2WtwhzWa7DUgQauwWq7HT_YUcuMPl6Hlw4vY1KzScUokMSOFdYAitm4Zm3575UF2U3lc6oMsvvxG7IGXM7iFCR2Y6gt-ZXdTOIF-w14Gl08nl8l7dwEsjCfJljYIGxEwVFKk_po8EzJylepqST10gZNWLnM5aWtnFfKBdWkHJY0D1ca5JvQqyc1bgEzKQqTO0L8BB2QeoO5JQXhjTVKSNuHg5kl9VuDx9AhrSCL667F-3BGZv5-h6DW8UFwtW5drf9ydR8OyUmatt703TjTdhCEpRLESp9KijbDUpV92J35Ubd78kMTpDKks3yYbf_HanZgcRgETtOXuAu96fsn7gWBMrUDmJejywEsnF3c3T8M4pf5BQdZ5as
linkProvider Directory of Open Access Journals
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9QwEB6VcgAOiBYQCwV8oAIOEU6cOPGhqspj2dJtxaGVKnFw_ZigSlWy7C5C_Kn-xnqcpCwHuPUaR4k1Hs98M_Z8A_BKKmm8kTzxhRdJHnQisbVViRPSKeTovaRq5MMjOTnJv5wWp2twOdTC0LXKwSZGQ-1bRznyd0QxGIIRkaW7sx8JdY2i09WhhUanFgf4-1cI2RY7-x_D-m5n2fjT8YdJ0ncVoP-LZYKFDW5fFgKrynAfpxMi79rX3NQVVZoGxFS71OWlrZ1XygVMoRyW1C22MijCd2_B7VwET06V6ePP1zkd4tisUt7drw_jnE6hKcmSEsvKX54vNgj4lxuIvm38AO73oJTtdVq0AWvYbMK9FarCTdjojcCCvemZqt8-hG8rLB1tw9qakfmKdTKso0Vm5w3rk44XLIB9StpTPpJ9PZ8h6-jSWey9xKaGiqEv2LSN1_ofwcmNyPUxrDdtg0-AGY7S5I6IhQL64N5gbgm3eGONkpUdwfYgST3rSDl0CGZI4npV4iN4T2K-foeotOODdv5d9ztTc8sFylrmlU3zFAsjSqWMQAxY2KPPR_CaFknThl_OjTN93UKYKlFn6b2KbFxWqnIEW8M66t4SLPQfvX36_-GXcGdyfDjV0_2jg2dwNwvgqat53IL15fwnPg_gZ2lfRI1jcHbTKn4FGrwX1g
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3fa9RAEB7qFUQfxFbF06r7YFEfQjfZZJN9KKW1PVp7HodYKPiw3Z9SKMl5dyL-a_3rupNs6vmgb31NQlhmZ2e-mZ35BuAtF1xZxWliC8uSPOhEor0WiWHcCEedtRy7kT9P-PFZ_um8OF-D674XBssqe5vYGmrbGMyR7yDFYAhGWJbu-FgWMT0c7c1-JDhBCm9a-3EanYqcut-_Qvi22D05DHu9nWWjo68fj5M4YQDXwpaJK3SAALxgrqoUte3SQhTurafKV9h1GtCTN6nJS-2NFcIEfCGMK3FybKUcC_-9B-slRkUDWD84mky_3GZ4kHGzSmlXbc-YoHgnjSmXFDlX_vKD7biAfzmF1tONHsOjCFHJfqdTG7Dm6k14uEJcuAkb0SQsyPvIW_3hCXxb4exoatJ4gsas7ZohHUkyuaxJTEFekQD9MYWP2UkyvZw50pGnk3YSExkrbI2-IuOmLfJ_Cmd3ItlnMKib2j0HoqjjKjdIMxSwCLXK5RpRjFVaCV7pIWz3kpSzjqJDhtAGJS5XJT6EAxTz7TdIrN0-aObfZTynkmrKHPc8r3Sap65QrBRCMecCMrbO5kN4h5sk8fgv58qo2MUQlopEWnK_QouXlaIcwla_jzLahYX8o8Uv_v_6DdwP6i3HJ5PTl_AgC0iqa4DcgsFy_tO9CkhoqV9HlSNwcddafgOm3R1o
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+Debonding+Effect+in+Internal+Replacement+Pipe+System+Under+Lateral+Loading&rft.jtitle=Applied+sciences&rft.au=Tri+C.+M.+Tien&rft.au=Allan+Manalo&rft.au=Patrick+Dixon&rft.au=Warna+Karunasena&rft.date=2024-11-01&rft.pub=MDPI+AG&rft.eissn=2076-3417&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=10509&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390%2Fapp142210509&rft.externalDBID=DOA&rft.externalDocID=oai_doaj_org_article_0b03e6f648b141e5a3799a3ee161ded4
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon