An Elastic Quartic Twist Theory for Chromonic Liquid Crystals
Chromonic liquid crystals are lyotropic materials which are attracting growing interest for their adaptability to living systems. To describe their elastic properties, the classical Oseen-Frank theory requires anomalously small twist constants and (comparatively) large saddle-splay constants, so lar...
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Published in | Journal of elasticity Vol. 155; no. 1-5; pp. 469 - 489 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Dordrecht
Springer Netherlands
01.07.2024
Springer Nature B.V |
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ISSN | 0374-3535 1573-2681 |
DOI | 10.1007/s10659-022-09983-4 |
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Abstract | Chromonic liquid crystals are lyotropic materials which are attracting growing interest for their adaptability to living systems. To describe their elastic properties, the classical Oseen-Frank theory requires anomalously small twist constants and (comparatively) large saddle-splay constants, so large as to violate one of Ericksen’s inequalities, which guarantee that the Oseen-Frank stored-energy density is bounded below. While such a violation does not prevent the existence and stability of equilibrium distortions in problems with fixed geometric confinement, the study of free-boundary problems for droplets has revealed a number of paradoxical consequences. Minimizing sequences driving the total energy to negative infinity have been constructed by employing ever growing needle-shaped tactoids incorporating a diverging twist (Paparini and Virga in Phys. Rev. E 106: 044703,
2022
). To overcome these difficulties, we propose here a novel elastic theory that extends for chromonics the classical Oseen-Frank stored energy by adding a quartic twist term. We show that the total energy of droplets is bounded below in the quartic twist theory, so that the known paradoxes are ruled out. The quartic term introduces a phenomenological length
in the theory; this affects the equilibrium of chromonics confined within capillary tubes. Use of published experimental data allows us to estimate
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AbstractList | Chromonic liquid crystals are lyotropic materials which are attracting growing interest for their adaptability to living systems. To describe their elastic properties, the classical Oseen-Frank theory requires anomalously small twist constants and (comparatively) large saddle-splay constants, so large as to violate one of Ericksen’s inequalities, which guarantee that the Oseen-Frank stored-energy density is bounded below. While such a violation does not prevent the existence and stability of equilibrium distortions in problems with fixed geometric confinement, the study of free-boundary problems for droplets has revealed a number of paradoxical consequences. Minimizing sequences driving the total energy to negative infinity have been constructed by employing ever growing needle-shaped tactoids incorporating a diverging twist (Paparini and Virga in Phys. Rev. E 106: 044703, 2022). To overcome these difficulties, we propose here a novel elastic theory that extends for chromonics the classical Oseen-Frank stored energy by adding a quartic twist term. We show that the total energy of droplets is bounded below in the quartic twist theory, so that the known paradoxes are ruled out. The quartic term introduces a phenomenological length "Equation missing"
in the theory; this affects the equilibrium of chromonics confined within capillary tubes. Use of published experimental data allows us to estimate "Equation missing"
. Chromonic liquid crystals are lyotropic materials which are attracting growing interest for their adaptability to living systems. To describe their elastic properties, the classical Oseen-Frank theory requires anomalously small twist constants and (comparatively) large saddle-splay constants, so large as to violate one of Ericksen’s inequalities, which guarantee that the Oseen-Frank stored-energy density is bounded below. While such a violation does not prevent the existence and stability of equilibrium distortions in problems with fixed geometric confinement, the study of free-boundary problems for droplets has revealed a number of paradoxical consequences. Minimizing sequences driving the total energy to negative infinity have been constructed by employing ever growing needle-shaped tactoids incorporating a diverging twist (Paparini and Virga in Phys. Rev. E 106: 044703, 2022 ). To overcome these difficulties, we propose here a novel elastic theory that extends for chromonics the classical Oseen-Frank stored energy by adding a quartic twist term. We show that the total energy of droplets is bounded below in the quartic twist theory, so that the known paradoxes are ruled out. The quartic term introduces a phenomenological length in the theory; this affects the equilibrium of chromonics confined within capillary tubes. Use of published experimental data allows us to estimate . Chromonic liquid crystals are lyotropic materials which are attracting growing interest for their adaptability to living systems. To describe their elastic properties, the classical Oseen-Frank theory requires anomalously small twist constants and (comparatively) large saddle-splay constants, so large as to violate one of Ericksen’s inequalities, which guarantee that the Oseen-Frank stored-energy density is bounded below. While such a violation does not prevent the existence and stability of equilibrium distortions in problems with fixed geometric confinement, the study of free-boundary problems for droplets has revealed a number of paradoxical consequences. Minimizing sequences driving the total energy to negative infinity have been constructed by employing ever growing needle-shaped tactoids incorporating a diverging twist (Paparini and Virga in Phys. Rev. E 106: 044703, 2022). To overcome these difficulties, we propose here a novel elastic theory that extends for chromonics the classical Oseen-Frank stored energy by adding a quartic twist term. We show that the total energy of droplets is bounded below in the quartic twist theory, so that the known paradoxes are ruled out. The quartic term introduces a phenomenological length [inline-graphic not available: see fulltext] in the theory; this affects the equilibrium of chromonics confined within capillary tubes. Use of published experimental data allows us to estimate [inline-graphic not available: see fulltext]. |
Author | Paparini, Silvia Virga, Epifanio G. |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1063_5_0153831 crossref_primary_10_1103_PhysRevE_108_064701 crossref_primary_10_1080_02678292_2024_2324465 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_molliq_2024_124035 crossref_primary_10_1080_02678292_2024_2313023 crossref_primary_10_1080_02678292_2023_2190626 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_wavemoti_2024_103486 |
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Keywords | Chromonic liquid crystals Curvature elasticity Nematic liquid crystals Quartic free energy 76A15 |
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SubjectTerms | Biomechanics Capillary tubes Classical and Continuum Physics Classical Mechanics Crystal growth Droplets Elastic properties Engineering Internal energy Liquid crystals Materials Science Mathematical Applications in the Physical Sciences Paradoxes Sequences Theoretical and Applied Mechanics |
Title | An Elastic Quartic Twist Theory for Chromonic Liquid Crystals |
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