Limonene protects human skin keratinocytes against UVB‐induced photodamage and photoaging by activating the Nrf2‐dependent antioxidant defense system

• Published in: Environmental toxicology Vol. 37; no. 12; pp. 2897 - 2909
• Main Authors: Kumar, K. J. Senthil, Vani, M. Gokila, Wang, Sheng‐Yang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.12.2022; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Aging; antioxidant; antioxidant activity; Antioxidants; Cell viability; Cells; chronic exposure; Depletion; ecotoxicology; gelatinase A; HaCaT; Heme; heme oxygenase (biliverdin-producing); Hormones; Keratinocytes; Limonene; mammals; Matrix metalloproteinase; Matrix metalloproteinases; Metalloproteinase; NADPH quinone oxidoreductase; Nrf2 pathway; Nuclear transport; occludins; Oxidoreductases; Oxygenase; p53 Protein; Pathogenesis; photoaging; photodamage; pro-opiomelanocortin; Proopiomelanocortin; protective effect; Quinone oxidoreductase; Quinones; Reactive oxygen species; Regulatory proteins; Secretion; Skin; skin (animal); Skin diseases; tight junctions; Transcription activation; transcriptional activation; Translocation; Ultraviolet radiation; UVB; γ-Glutamylcysteine

Long term exposure to solar ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation is one of the primary factors of premature skin aging and is referred to as photoaging. Also, mammalian skin exposed to UVB triggers an increase in production of α‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone (α‐MSH), which is critically involved in the pa...