Zinc oxide nanoparticles induce apoptosis by enhancement of autophagy via PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibition

• Published in: Toxicology letters Vol. 227; no. 1; pp. 29 - 40
• Main Authors: Roy, Ruchi, Singh, Sunil Kumar, Chauhan, L.K.S., Das, Mukul, Tripathi, Anurag, Dwivedi, Premendra D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Ireland Ltd 16.05.2014
• Subjects: Animals; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Apoptosis; Apoptosis - drug effects; Autophagy; Autophagy - drug effects; Cells, Cultured; Female; Gene Silencing; Macrophages; Macrophages, Peritoneal - cytology; Macrophages, Peritoneal - drug effects; Macrophages, Peritoneal - metabolism; Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry; Metal Nanoparticles - toxicity; Metal Nanoparticles - ultrastructure; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Microtubule-Associated Proteins - antagonists & inhibitors; Microtubule-Associated Proteins - genetics; Microtubule-Associated Proteins - metabolism; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Particle Size; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - metabolism; Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA, Small Interfering; Signal Transduction - drug effects; Surface Properties; Zinc Oxide - antagonists & inhibitors; Zinc Oxide - chemistry; Zinc Oxide - toxicity; Zinc oxide nanoparticles; Oxidative stress; Macrophages; Autophagy; Zinc oxide nanoparticles; Apoptosis

Schematic representation of the possible way of internalization of ZnO NPs into the macrophages and its after-effects. •ZNPs induced ROS generation whereas depleted antioxidant enzymes.•ZNPs were found concentrated within autophagosomes and lysosomes.•ZNPs followed extrinsic and intrinsic pathways o...