Dynamics of Leishmania infection rates in Rhombomys opimus (Rodentia: Gerbillinae) population of an endemic focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran
Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) due to Leishmania major is a great public health problem in the Old World. Leishmania major is widely distributed in populations of rodents in arid and savannah regions. In this study, seasonal variation of natural infection with Leishmania parasites in Rhombom...
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Published in | Bulletin de la Societe de pathologie exotique (1990) Vol. 103; no. 2; pp. 84 - 89 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Lavoisier
01.05.2010
Springer-Verlag |
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Abstract | Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) due to Leishmania major is a great public health problem in the Old World. Leishmania major is widely distributed in populations of rodents in arid and savannah regions. In this study, seasonal variation of natural infection with Leishmania parasites in Rhombomys opimus (Rodentia: Gerbillinae) population of an endemic focus of ZCL in Iran was monitored. The study was conducted from October 2007 to October 2008 in the central part of the country. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used for the detection and identification of Leishmania parasites, and the results were confirmed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The results showed that Leishmania infection rate was 55.8% (29 out of 52 gerbils) using nested PCR. The highest and lowest Leishmania infection rates were observed in fall and summer, respectively. Gerbils that were found to be infected only with L. major were 5.8%, and that with Leishmania turanica were 23.1%. A mixed natural infection was seen in the rodents with L. major and L. turanica (21.2%), with L. major and L. gerbilli (1.9%), and with all the three species (3.9%). Leishmania major infection alone was seen in fall and winter whereas mixed infection of L. major and L. turanica was observed in all seasons except in summer. Leishmania turanica infection was observed throughout the year. It is concluded that L. major, L. gerbilli, and L. turanica circulate in the population of R. opimus in central part of Iran. Leishmania major infection is usually accompanied by L. turanica in naturally infected gerbils with the highest rate in fall. It is recommended that the role of L. turanica in the epidemiology and transmission of ZCL should be reconsidered.
Résumé: La leishmaniose cutanée zoonotique (LCZ) due à Leishmania major constitue un problème de santé publique dans l’ancien monde. L. major est une espèce largement distribuée dans les populations de rongeurs vivant dans les régions arides et de savane. Dans la présente étude, la variation saisonnière de l’infection naturelle par les parasites du genre Leishmania chez la Grande Gerbille Rhombomys opimus (Rodentia: Gerbillinae) au sein d’une population d’un foyer endémique de LCZ en Iran a été contrôlée. L’étude a été menée d’octobre 2007 à octobre 2008 dans la partie centrale de l’Iran. Une PCR nichée a été utilisée pour la détection et l’identification du parasite Leishmania, et les résultats ont été confirmés par PCR-RFLP. Les résultats ont montré que le taux d’infection par Leishmania était de 55,8 % (29 sur 52 animaux) en utilisant la PCR nichée. Les taux d’infection par Leishmania les plus forts et les plus faibles ont été observés, respectivement, en automne et en été; 5,8 % des gerbilles étaient infectées par L. major isolément et 23,1% par L. turanica isolément. Une infection mixte naturelle a été observée chez les rongeurs associant L. major et L. turanica (21,2 %), ou associant L. major et L. gerbilli (1,9 %), ou associant les trois espèces (3,9 %). L’infection due à L. major isolément a été observée en automne et en hiver. Une infection mixte associant L. major et L. turanica a été observée en toutes saisons, sauf en été. L’infection à L. turanica a été observée tout au long de l’année. En conclusion, les trois espèces L. major, L. gerbilli et L. turanica circulent dans la population de R. opimus dans la partie centrale de l’Iran. L. major est habituellement accompagnée par L. turanica chez les gerbilles naturellement infectées avec un plus fort taux en automne. Le rôle de L. turanica dans l’épidémiologie et la transmission de la LCZ devrait être reconsidéré. |
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AbstractList | Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) due to Leishmania major is a great public health problem in the Old World. Leishmania major is widely distributed in populations of rodents in arid and savannah regions. In this study, seasonal variation of natural infection with Leishmania parasites in Rhombomys opimus (Rodentia: Gerbillinae) population of an endemic focus of ZCL in Iran was monitored. The study was conducted from October 2007 to October 2008 in the central part of the country. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used for the detection and identification of Leishmania parasites, and the results were confirmed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The results showed that Leishmania infection rate was 55.8% (29 out of 52 gerbils) using nested PCR. The highest and lowest Leishmania infection rates were observed in fall and summer, respectively. Gerbils that were found to be infected only with L. major were 5.8%, and that with Leishmania turanica were 23.1%. A mixed natural infection was seen in the rodents with L. major and L. turanica (21.2%), with L. major and L. gerbilli (1.9%), and with all the three species (3.9%). Leishmania major infection alone was seen in fall and winter whereas mixed infection of L. major and L. turanica was observed in all seasons except in summer. Leishmania turanica infection was observed throughout the year. It is concluded that L. major, L. gerbilli, and L. turanica circulate in the population of R. opimus in central part of Iran. Leishmania major infection is usually accompanied by L. turanica in naturally infected gerbils with the highest rate in fall. It is recommended that the role of L. turanica in the epidemiology and transmission of ZCL should be reconsidered.
Résumé: La leishmaniose cutanée zoonotique (LCZ) due à Leishmania major constitue un problème de santé publique dans l’ancien monde. L. major est une espèce largement distribuée dans les populations de rongeurs vivant dans les régions arides et de savane. Dans la présente étude, la variation saisonnière de l’infection naturelle par les parasites du genre Leishmania chez la Grande Gerbille Rhombomys opimus (Rodentia: Gerbillinae) au sein d’une population d’un foyer endémique de LCZ en Iran a été contrôlée. L’étude a été menée d’octobre 2007 à octobre 2008 dans la partie centrale de l’Iran. Une PCR nichée a été utilisée pour la détection et l’identification du parasite Leishmania, et les résultats ont été confirmés par PCR-RFLP. Les résultats ont montré que le taux d’infection par Leishmania était de 55,8 % (29 sur 52 animaux) en utilisant la PCR nichée. Les taux d’infection par Leishmania les plus forts et les plus faibles ont été observés, respectivement, en automne et en été; 5,8 % des gerbilles étaient infectées par L. major isolément et 23,1% par L. turanica isolément. Une infection mixte naturelle a été observée chez les rongeurs associant L. major et L. turanica (21,2 %), ou associant L. major et L. gerbilli (1,9 %), ou associant les trois espèces (3,9 %). L’infection due à L. major isolément a été observée en automne et en hiver. Une infection mixte associant L. major et L. turanica a été observée en toutes saisons, sauf en été. L’infection à L. turanica a été observée tout au long de l’année. En conclusion, les trois espèces L. major, L. gerbilli et L. turanica circulent dans la population de R. opimus dans la partie centrale de l’Iran. L. major est habituellement accompagnée par L. turanica chez les gerbilles naturellement infectées avec un plus fort taux en automne. Le rôle de L. turanica dans l’épidémiologie et la transmission de la LCZ devrait être reconsidéré. Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) due to Leishmania major is a great public health problem in the Old World. Leishmania major is widely distributed in populations of rodents in arid and savannah regions. In this study, seasonal variation of natural infection with Leishmania parasites in Rhombomys opimus (Rodentia: Gerbillinae) population of an endemic focus of ZCL in Iran was monitored. The study was conducted from October 2007 to October 2008 in the central part of the country. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used for the detection and identification of Leishmania parasites, and the results were confirmed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The results showed that Leishmania infection rate was 55.8% (29 out of 52 gerbils) using nested PCR. The highest and lowest Leishmania infection rates were observed in fall and summer, respectively. Gerbils that were found to be infected only with L. major were 5.8%, and that with Leishmania turanica were 23.1%. A mixed natural infection was seen in the rodents with L. major and L. turanica (21.2%), with L. major and L. gerbilli (1.9%), and with all the three species (3.9%). Leishmania major infection alone was seen in fall and winter whereas mixed infection of L. major and L. turanica was observed in all seasons except in summer. Leishmania turanica infection was observed throughout the year. It is concluded that L. major, L. gerbilli, and L. turanica circulate in the population of R. opimus in central part of Iran. Leishmania major infection is usually accompanied by L. turanica in naturally infected gerbils with the highest rate in fall. It is recommended that the role of L. turanica in the epidemiology and transmission of ZCL should be reconsidered. Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) due to Leishmania major is a great public health problem in the Old World. Leishmania major is widely distributed in populations of rodents in arid and savannah regions. In this study, seasonal variation of natural infection with Leishmania parasites in Rhombomys opimus (Rodentia: Gerbillinae) population of an endemic focus of ZCL in Iran was monitored. The study was conducted from October 2007 to October 2008 in the central part of the country. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used for the detection and identification of Leishmania parasites, and the results were confirmed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The results showed that Leishmania infection rate was 55.8% (29 out of 52 gerbils) using nested PCR. The highest and lowest Leishmania infection rates were observed in fall and summer, respectively. Gerbils that were found to be infected only with L. major were 5.8%, and that with Leishmania turanica were 23.1%. A mixed natural infection was seen in the rodents with L. major and L. turanica (21.2%), with L. major and L. gerbilli (1.9%), and with all the three species (3.9%). Leishmania major infection alone was seen in fall and winter whereas mixed infection of L. major and L. turanica was observed in all seasons except in summer. Leishmania turanica infection was observed throughout the year. It is concluded that L. major , L. gerbilli , and L. turanica circulate in the population of R. opimus in central part of Iran. Leishmania major infection is usually accompanied by L. turanica in naturally infected gerbils with the highest rate in fall. It is recommended that the role of L. turanica in the epidemiology and transmission of ZCL should be reconsidered. |
Author | Rassi, Y. Jalali-zand, N. Khamesipour, A. Arandian, M.H. Yaghoobi-Ershadi, M.R. Shareghi, N. Ghanei, M. Mirhendi, H. Jafari, R. Alimohammadian, M.H. Abdoli, H. Akhavan, A.A. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: A.A. surname: Akhavan fullname: Akhavan, A.A. organization: Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran – sequence: 2 givenname: M.R. surname: Yaghoobi-Ershadi fullname: Yaghoobi-Ershadi, M.R. email: yaghoobi.reza@gmail.com organization: Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran – sequence: 3 givenname: A. surname: Khamesipour fullname: Khamesipour, A. organization: Center for Research in Skin diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran – sequence: 4 givenname: H. surname: Mirhendi fullname: Mirhendi, H. organization: Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran – sequence: 5 givenname: M.H. surname: Alimohammadian fullname: Alimohammadian, M.H. organization: Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran – sequence: 6 givenname: Y. surname: Rassi fullname: Rassi, Y. organization: Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran – sequence: 7 givenname: M.H. surname: Arandian fullname: Arandian, M.H. organization: Esfahan Training and Health Research Center, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Iran – sequence: 8 givenname: R. surname: Jafari fullname: Jafari, R. organization: Esfahan Training and Health Research Center, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Iran – sequence: 9 givenname: H. surname: Abdoli fullname: Abdoli, H. organization: Esfahan Training and Health Research Center, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Iran – sequence: 10 givenname: N. surname: Shareghi fullname: Shareghi, N. organization: Esfahan Training and Health Research Center, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Iran – sequence: 11 givenname: M. surname: Ghanei fullname: Ghanei, M. organization: Esfahan Training and Health Research Center, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Iran – sequence: 12 givenname: N. surname: Jalali-zand fullname: Jalali-zand, N. organization: Esfahan Training and Health Research Center, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Iran |
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DocumentTitle_FL | Dynamique des taux d’infection à Leishmania chez les populations de Rhombomys opimus (Rodentia: Gerbillinae) dans un foyer endémique de leishmaniose cutanée zoonotique en Iran |
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Keywords | Middle South Asia Variation saisonnière Nested PCR Iran Seasonal variation Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis Leishmaniose cutanée zoonotique Moyen-Orient PCR niche Badrood |
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Yaghoobi-Ershadi – volume: 30 start-page: 143 year: 2001 ident: 44_CR12 publication-title: Iranian J Publ Health contributor: fullname: Y. Rassi – volume: 95 start-page: 811 year: 2001 ident: 44_CR16 publication-title: Ann Trop Med Parasitol contributor: fullname: M.V. Strelkova – volume-title: Mammals of Iran, Vol. 1. Rodents and their identification Keys year: 1978 ident: 44_CR5 contributor: fullname: E. Etemad – volume: 10 start-page: 591 year: 2004 ident: 44_CR9 publication-title: East Mediterr Health J doi: 10.26719/2004.10.4-5.591 contributor: fullname: M. Mohebali – volume: 1 start-page: 35 year: 1991 ident: 44_CR14 publication-title: Med Parazitol (Mosk) contributor: fullname: M.V. Strelkova – ident: 44_CR3 – volume: 27 start-page: 55 year: 1988 ident: 44_CR8 publication-title: Iranian J Publ Health contributor: fullname: E. 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SubjectTerms | Animals Badrood Disease Reservoirs - parasitology DNA, Protozoan - analysis Endemic Diseases - veterinary Epidemiology Epidémiologie Female Gastroenterology Gerbillinae - parasitology Humans Infectious Diseases Internal Medicine Iran Iran - epidemiology L. gerbilli L. turanica Leishmania - classification Leishmania - genetics Leishmania - isolation & purification Leishmania major Leishmania major - genetics Leishmania major - isolation & purification Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - epidemiology Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - parasitology Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - transmission Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - veterinary Leishmaniose cutanée zoonotique Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle South Asia Moyen-Orient Nested PCR Parasitology PCR niche Rhombomys opimus Rodent Diseases - epidemiology Rodent Diseases - parasitology Seasonal variation Seasons Species Specificity Tropical Medicine Variation saisonnière Zoonoses Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis |
Title | Dynamics of Leishmania infection rates in Rhombomys opimus (Rodentia: Gerbillinae) population of an endemic focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran |
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