From “prototype” to “model”: Architectural and spatial development of Block A (1924–1945) of Istanbul's Heybeliada Sanatorium
This article examines Block A, the first block-style building in Heybeliada Sanatorium in Istanbul. The purpose of this research is to understand its architectural and spatial development and discuss how in fact it was a “prototype” of Turkish sanatoria. Approached with a three-step methodology (doc...
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| Published in | Frontiers of architectural research Vol. 13; no. 1; pp. 1 - 20 |
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| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Elsevier B.V
01.02.2024
KeAi Communications Co., Ltd |
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| Abstract | This article examines Block A, the first block-style building in Heybeliada Sanatorium in Istanbul. The purpose of this research is to understand its architectural and spatial development and discuss how in fact it was a “prototype” of Turkish sanatoria. Approached with a three-step methodology (documentation/evaluation/results) this research conducts architectural and spatial analysis on Block A. Primary sources like architectural documentation and restitution drawings, the writings of the institution's head doctor Tevfik İsmail Gökçe, periodicals on tuberculosis (TB), as well as pertinent literature are utilized. The findings demonstrate that Block A's development (1924–1945) was the result of knowledge transfer that introduced the universal sanatorium design principles, spatial experiments, adaptation to sociocultural norms, and trial-and-error processes. Not only it had a major impact on shaping of the second block-type building in the complex, the “model” Block B, but it also became exemplary of the subsequent Turkish sanatoria. The originality of this article is its exploration of the changing and evolving Block A in its resonation with the cultural tensions of Turkey's modernization process. This was established via the assessment of budgetary issues, medical developments and climatic experiments, the social issue of scarcity of TB beds in the country, spatial practices to separate the sexes as reflections of local traditions and culture in the shaping of spaces. |
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| AbstractList | This article examines Block A, the first block-style building in Heybeliada Sanatorium in Istanbul. The purpose of this research is to understand its architectural and spatial development and discuss how in fact it was a “prototype” of Turkish sanatoria. Approached with a three-step methodology (documentation/evaluation/results) this research conducts architectural and spatial analysis on Block A. Primary sources like architectural documentation and restitution drawings, the writings of the institution's head doctor Tevfik İsmail Gökçe, periodicals on tuberculosis (TB), as well as pertinent literature are utilized. The findings demonstrate that Block A's development (1924–1945) was the result of knowledge transfer that introduced the universal sanatorium design principles, spatial experiments, adaptation to sociocultural norms, and trial-and-error processes. Not only it had a major impact on shaping of the second block-type building in the complex, the “model” Block B, but it also became exemplary of the subsequent Turkish sanatoria. The originality of this article is its exploration of the changing and evolving Block A in its resonation with the cultural tensions of Turkey's modernization process. This was established via the assessment of budgetary issues, medical developments and climatic experiments, the social issue of scarcity of TB beds in the country, spatial practices to separate the sexes as reflections of local traditions and culture in the shaping of spaces. |
| Author | Degirmencioglu, Cansu Avci-Hosanli, Deniz |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Deniz orcidid: 0000-0003-1157-5654 surname: Avci-Hosanli fullname: Avci-Hosanli, Deniz email: denizavcihosanli@gmail.com, avci.hosanli@ieu.edu.tr organization: Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir 35330, Turkey – sequence: 2 givenname: Cansu orcidid: 0000-0003-1949-3231 surname: Degirmencioglu fullname: Degirmencioglu, Cansu organization: TUM School of Engineering and Design, Department of Architecture, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80333, Germany |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1017/S0025727300009169 10.1016/j.jhg.2020.02.003 10.3368/lj.17.1.26 10.1177/1206331205280158 10.1017/S0025727300063043 10.1353/tech.0.0172 10.1525/jsah.2012.71.1.60 10.17811/rm.13.16.2023.58-83 10.1080/13602365.2014.966587 |
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| Keywords | Early republican Turkey Tuberculosis Istanbul Sanatorium architecture History of healthcare |
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| SubjectTerms | Early republican Turkey History of healthcare Istanbul Sanatorium architecture Tuberculosis |
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| Title | From “prototype” to “model”: Architectural and spatial development of Block A (1924–1945) of Istanbul's Heybeliada Sanatorium |
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