Atomic Order and Submicrostructure in Iron Alloys at Megaplastic Deformation

• Published in: Metals (Basel ) Vol. 8; no. 12; p. 995
• Main Authors: Shabashov, Valery, Sagaradze, Victor, Kozlov, Kirill, Ustyugov, Yury
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.12.2018
• Subjects: Aging (metallurgy); Annealing; Atomic properties; Atoms & subatomic particles; Ball milling; Binary alloys; Clustering; Crystal lattices; Deformation; Dispersion hardening alloys; External pressure; Ferrous alloys; High energy electrons; Intermetallic compounds; Iron alloys; irradiation; Mass transfer; mechanosynthesis; Mössbauer spectroscopy; ordering; Phase transitions; Point defects; Solid solutions; Solution strengthening; steels
• DOI: 10.3390/met8120995
• ISSN: 2075-4701

The subject of the present review consists of summing up our previous results on the study of the relaxation of structure along the way (i) of atomic redistribution—in the form of short-range clustering in binary iron alloys—induced by megaplastic deformation (i.e., of super large value), and (ii) of the dissolution and precipitation of disperse nitrides and carbides in steels and intermetallics in ageing alloys. Within the capacity of the main method of executing megaplastic deformation, along with the practically important milling in ball mills and friction-providing external action, we employed high pressure torsion (HPT) in Bridgman anvils, which permitted the control of the degree, rate, and temperature of deformation action. At the local level of two nearest neighbors (one or two coordination shells in relation to an iron atom) we studied atomic mass transfer, stipulated by generation of a large number of point defects of deformation origin, and conducted a comparison with a case of irradiation by high-energy electrons. We established a change in the direction of phase transformations, as well as anomalous acceleration of the ordering and precipitation of disperse phases upon altering the temperature (T < 0.3Tmelt) and rate of deformation (from 2 × 10−2 to 8 × 10−2 s−1). We also demonstrated the possibility of regulating the ultra-fine-grained structure with solid–solution strengthening and dispersion hardening.