Quarterly Percentual Change in Height, Weight, Body Fat and Muscle Mass in Young Football Players of Different Categories
The purpose of this study was to compare the change of Body Composition (BC) (height, weight, body fat percentage and muscle mass) as a function of the trimester and category in a sample of young soccer players. Data collection was performed in five consecutive seasons (2016–2021). The sample consis...
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Published in | Applied sciences Vol. 14; no. 9; p. 3915 |
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Abstract | The purpose of this study was to compare the change of Body Composition (BC) (height, weight, body fat percentage and muscle mass) as a function of the trimester and category in a sample of young soccer players. Data collection was performed in five consecutive seasons (2016–2021). The sample consisted of 741 young male football players of different categories (Under 14 year old (U14), U15, U16, U17 and U18) belonging to a high-performance football academy. Considering the trimestral change of all the raw anthropometrics variables a set of new variables called the trimestral change in percentage (TC) of each raw variable was computed. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA (including the raw anthropometric variables as dependent and trimester and the age-category as independent) revealed differences for the anthropometric variables (p value < 0.001 in all cases), concluding that the effect of trimester reaches conventional levels of statistical significance. The trimester by age in contrast was significant (p < 0.05) in all raw variables except for the height. Considering the TC variables, the variable height-TC showed an increase (p value < 0.05) while the variable muscle mass-TC was near the significative value (p = 0.09). In this case the interaction trimester by age category was not significative (p > 0.05 in all cases). It seems that height suffers more changes in the first trimester but the weight, body fat percentage and muscle mass changes more in the second and third trimester. It is important to modulate the training load according to the trimester-specific response, although these improvements may vary according to factors such as genetics, diet, sleep and the specific training. |
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AbstractList | The purpose of this study was to compare the change of Body Composition (BC) (height, weight, body fat percentage and muscle mass) as a function of the trimester and category in a sample of young soccer players. Data collection was performed in five consecutive seasons (2016–2021). The sample consisted of 741 young male football players of different categories (Under 14 year old (U14), U15, U16, U17 and U18) belonging to a high-performance football academy. Considering the trimestral change of all the raw anthropometrics variables a set of new variables called the trimestral change in percentage (TC) of each raw variable was computed. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA (including the raw anthropometric variables as dependent and trimester and the age-category as independent) revealed differences for the anthropometric variables (p value < 0.001 in all cases), concluding that the effect of trimester reaches conventional levels of statistical significance. The trimester by age in contrast was significant (p < 0.05) in all raw variables except for the height. Considering the TC variables, the variable height-TC showed an increase (p value < 0.05) while the variable muscle mass-TC was near the significative value (p = 0.09). In this case the interaction trimester by age category was not significative (p > 0.05 in all cases). It seems that height suffers more changes in the first trimester but the weight, body fat percentage and muscle mass changes more in the second and third trimester. It is important to modulate the training load according to the trimester-specific response, although these improvements may vary according to factors such as genetics, diet, sleep and the specific training. Featured ApplicationBetween the ages of 13–15 it is important to modulate the training load bearing in mind that physical improvements can vary significantly between individuals, depending on factors such as genetics, diet, sleep and the specific type and intensity of training. Monitoring of these variables must be done with care, keeping the health of the players as a top priority. In addition, coaches and trainers should encourage a balanced view of these metrics, encouraging players to focus on skill development and enjoyment of the sport rather than solely on physical changes.AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare the change of Body Composition (BC) (height, weight, body fat percentage and muscle mass) as a function of the trimester and category in a sample of young soccer players. Data collection was performed in five consecutive seasons (2016–2021). The sample consisted of 741 young male football players of different categories (Under 14 year old (U14), U15, U16, U17 and U18) belonging to a high-performance football academy. Considering the trimestral change of all the raw anthropometrics variables a set of new variables called the trimestral change in percentage (TC) of each raw variable was computed. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA (including the raw anthropometric variables as dependent and trimester and the age-category as independent) revealed differences for the anthropometric variables (p value < 0.001 in all cases), concluding that the effect of trimester reaches conventional levels of statistical significance. The trimester by age in contrast was significant (p < 0.05) in all raw variables except for the height. Considering the TC variables, the variable height-TC showed an increase (p value < 0.05) while the variable muscle mass-TC was near the significative value (p = 0.09). In this case the interaction trimester by age category was not significative (p > 0.05 in all cases). It seems that height suffers more changes in the first trimester but the weight, body fat percentage and muscle mass changes more in the second and third trimester. It is important to modulate the training load according to the trimester-specific response, although these improvements may vary according to factors such as genetics, diet, sleep and the specific training. Between the ages of 13–15 it is important to modulate the training load bearing in mind that physical improvements can vary significantly between individuals, depending on factors such as genetics, diet, sleep and the specific type and intensity of training. Monitoring of these variables must be done with care, keeping the health of the players as a top priority. In addition, coaches and trainers should encourage a balanced view of these metrics, encouraging players to focus on skill development and enjoyment of the sport rather than solely on physical changes. The purpose of this study was to compare the change of Body Composition (BC) (height, weight, body fat percentage and muscle mass) as a function of the trimester and category in a sample of young soccer players. Data collection was performed in five consecutive seasons (2016–2021). The sample consisted of 741 young male football players of different categories (Under 14 year old (U14), U15, U16, U17 and U18) belonging to a high-performance football academy. Considering the trimestral change of all the raw anthropometrics variables a set of new variables called the trimestral change in percentage (TC) of each raw variable was computed. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA (including the raw anthropometric variables as dependent and trimester and the age-category as independent) revealed differences for the anthropometric variables (p value < 0.001 in all cases), concluding that the effect of trimester reaches conventional levels of statistical significance. The trimester by age in contrast was significant (p < 0.05) in all raw variables except for the height. Considering the TC variables, the variable height-TC showed an increase (p value < 0.05) while the variable muscle mass-TC was near the significative value (p = 0.09). In this case the interaction trimester by age category was not significative (p > 0.05 in all cases). It seems that height suffers more changes in the first trimester but the weight, body fat percentage and muscle mass changes more in the second and third trimester. It is important to modulate the training load according to the trimester-specific response, although these improvements may vary according to factors such as genetics, diet, sleep and the specific training. |
Audience | Academic |
Author | de la Cruz-Márquez, Juan Carlos Ceylan, Halil Ibrahim Silva, Rui Miguel Delgado-García, Gabriel Falces-Prieto, Moisés Martín-Moya, Ricardo |
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Cites_doi | 10.4067/S0717-95022019000100284 10.3389/fphys.2022.793999 10.1016/j.scispo.2011.07.004 10.3390/nu16030334 10.20944/preprints201706.0081.v1 10.1371/journal.pone.0137238 10.4067/S0717-95022012000100044 10.3390/biology11060823 10.2174/1875399X01508010018 10.1055/s-0035-1555778 10.3389/fspor.2021.599118 10.3390/ijerph17072196 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000445 10.1590/S0103-05822009000300013 10.4067/S0717-95022020000100153 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318236d0c2 10.1519/SSC.0000000000000570 10.1080/24733938.2018.1454599 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000329 10.3389/fphys.2017.01093 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.07.011 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31819f1e52 10.1371/journal.pone.0219355 10.1080/02640414.2013.862840 10.1080/02640410500189371 10.1080/24733938.2018.1445871 10.3389/fphys.2020.00016 |
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SubjectTerms | Abdomen anthropometric measurements Body fat Body mass index changes Football Injuries Methods Performance evaluation Physiological aspects young soccer players |
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Title | Quarterly Percentual Change in Height, Weight, Body Fat and Muscle Mass in Young Football Players of Different Categories |
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