Compact Dual-Band, Wide-Angle, Polarization- Angle -Independent Rectifying Metasurface for Ambient Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transfer

• Published in: IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques Vol. 69; no. 3; pp. 1518 - 1528
• Main Authors: Li, Long, Zhang, Xuanming, Song, Chaoyun, Zhang, Wenzhang, Jia, Tianyuan, Huang, Yi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01.03.2021; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Ambient energy harvesting; Arrays; Diodes; Efficiency; Energy harvesting; High impedance; Impedance; integration; Metals; Metasurfaces; Polarization; polarization-angle-independent; Portable equipment; Radio frequency; Rectennas; Rectifying circuits; rectifying metasurface (MS); Semiconductor diodes; Topology; wide incident angle; wireless power transfer (WPT); Wireless power transmission
• ISSN: 0018-9480; 1557-9670
• DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2020.3040962

A dual-band and polarization-angle-independent rectifying metasurface (MS) with a miniaturized dimension and a wide incident angle range are presented in this article. The proposed structure consists of a single layer of periodic cell arrays with integrated diodes, a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">dc </tex-math></inline-formula> feed, and a load. A novel method of incorporating surface-mount components (e.g., diodes) into the texture is developed to simplify the structure. The matching network between MS and the nonlinear rectifier can be eliminated directly due to the multimode resonance and adjustable high-impedance characteristics of the MS. Moreover, the proposed MS can maintain high conversion efficiency by using different diodes without changing the overall topology. In addition, the proposed design can effectively capture incoming waves with arbitrary polarizations and a wide incident angle range of 60°. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">4\times 4 </tex-math></inline-formula> MS array is fabricated and measured. Experimental results show that the proposed structure can achieve maximum efficiency of 58% at 2.4 GHz and 50% at 5.8 GHz with an input power of 0 dBm under different polarizations and incident angles. Importantly, it is also shown that the rectifying MS can maintain high efficiency over a wide power range from −3 to 10 dBm. The proposed design concept is very suitable for the adaptive wireless power supply of portable devices.