Pseudo-nitzschia Blooms in a Coastal Upwelling System: Remote Sensing Detection, Toxicity and Environmental Variables
The NW coast of the Iberian Peninsula is dominated by extensive shellfish farming, which places this region as a world leader in mussel production. Harmful algal blooms in the area frequent lead to lengthy harvesting closures threatening food security. This study developed a framework for the detect...
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| Published in | Water (Basel) Vol. 11; no. 9; p. 1954 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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01.09.2019
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| Abstract | The NW coast of the Iberian Peninsula is dominated by extensive shellfish farming, which places this region as a world leader in mussel production. Harmful algal blooms in the area frequent lead to lengthy harvesting closures threatening food security. This study developed a framework for the detection of Pseudo-nitzschia blooms in the Galician rias from satellite data (MERIS full-resolution images) and identified key variables that affect their abundance and toxicity. Two events of toxin-containing Pseudo-nitzschia were detected (up to 2.5 μg L−1 pDA) in the area. This study suggests that even moderate densities of Pseudo-nitzschia in this area might indicate high toxin content. Empirical models for particulate domoic acid (pDA) were developed based on MERIS FR data. The resulting remote-sensing model, including MERIS bands centered around 510, 560, and 620 nm explain 73% of the pDA variance (R2 = 0.73, p < 0.001). The results show that higher salinity values and lower Si(OH)4/N ratios favour higher Pseudo-nitzschia spp. abundances. High pDA values seem to be associated with relatively high PO43, low NO3− concentrations, and low Si(OH)4/N. While MERIS FR data and regionally specific algorithms can be useful for detecting Pseudo-nitzschia blooms, nutrient relationships are crucial for predicting the toxicity of these blooms. |
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| AbstractList | The NW coast of the Iberian Peninsula is dominated by extensive shellfish farming, which places this region as a world leader in mussel production. Harmful algal blooms in the area frequent lead to lengthy harvesting closures threatening food security. This study developed a framework for the detection of Pseudo-nitzschia blooms in the Galician rias from satellite data (MERIS full-resolution images) and identified key variables that affect their abundance and toxicity. Two events of toxin-containing Pseudo-nitzschia were detected (up to 2.5 μg L−1 pDA) in the area. This study suggests that even moderate densities of Pseudo-nitzschia in this area might indicate high toxin content. Empirical models for particulate domoic acid (pDA) were developed based on MERIS FR data. The resulting remote-sensing model, including MERIS bands centered around 510, 560, and 620 nm explain 73% of the pDA variance (R2 = 0.73, p < 0.001). The results show that higher salinity values and lower Si(OH)4/N ratios favour higher Pseudo-nitzschia spp. abundances. High pDA values seem to be associated with relatively high PO43, low NO3− concentrations, and low Si(OH)4/N. While MERIS FR data and regionally specific algorithms can be useful for detecting Pseudo-nitzschia blooms, nutrient relationships are crucial for predicting the toxicity of these blooms. |
| Author | González Vilas, Luis Torres Palenzuela, Jesus M. González-Fernández, África Bellas, Francisco M. Spyrakos, Evangelos Garet, Elina |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jesus M. surname: Torres Palenzuela fullname: Torres Palenzuela, Jesus M. – sequence: 2 givenname: Luis surname: González Vilas fullname: González Vilas, Luis – sequence: 3 givenname: Francisco M. surname: Bellas fullname: Bellas, Francisco M. – sequence: 4 givenname: Elina surname: Garet fullname: Garet, Elina – sequence: 5 givenname: África orcidid: 0000-0002-9226-4825 surname: González-Fernández fullname: González-Fernández, África – sequence: 6 givenname: Evangelos orcidid: 0000-0001-7970-5211 surname: Spyrakos fullname: Spyrakos, Evangelos |
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| SubjectTerms | Abundance Algal blooms Autumn Biomass Chlorophyll Domoic acid Eutrophication Food security Galician rias Harvesting MERIS algorithms Microorganisms Plankton Poisoning Pseudo-nitzschia Remote sensing Salinity Satellite imagery Satellites Shellfish Shellfish farming Toxicity Toxins Upwelling |
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| Title | Pseudo-nitzschia Blooms in a Coastal Upwelling System: Remote Sensing Detection, Toxicity and Environmental Variables |
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