Comparison of Far Peripheral Visual Fields in East-Asian and Caucasian Subjects
•This study examined peripheral visual field differences between Asian and non-Asian participants using static and kinetic perimetry along with 3D facial reconstruction.•Asian participants demonstrated fewer facial contour-dependent defects compared to non-Asian participants, particularly in the inf...
Saved in:
| Published in | American journal of ophthalmology Vol. 278; pp. 168 - 175 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Elsevier Inc
01.10.2025
|
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0002-9394 1879-1891 1879-1891 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035 |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | •This study examined peripheral visual field differences between Asian and non-Asian participants using static and kinetic perimetry along with 3D facial reconstruction.•Asian participants demonstrated fewer facial contour-dependent defects compared to non-Asian participants, particularly in the inferior nasal region.•The findings highlight the need for ethnicity-specific normative databases in visual field testing and emphasize the importance of considering facial anatomy's impact on peripheral vision.
To compare peripheral visual field performance and facial contour—dependent visual field defects between East Asian and Caucasian participants using both kinetic and static perimetry.
Cross-sectional observational study.
Forty-seven healthy participants, including 25 East Asian individuals (Chinese, Japanese, or Korean ethnicity) and 22 Caucasian individuals, confirmed to have no ocular pathology on clinical examination and optical coherence tomography (OCT).
All participants underwent visual field testing using the 60-4 threshold test on the Humphrey Field Analyzer II and kinetic perimetry on the Octopus perimeter. Three-dimensional facial reconstructions were generated from 2D facial photographs using neural network—enabled analysis to predict facial contour—dependent visual field obstructions.
Sum of threshold sensitivities from the 60-4 test, peripheral field extent at specified angles (0°-330°) on kinetic perimetry, and the number of predicted and observed facial contour—dependent visual field defects.
East Asian participants showed significantly fewer predicted and observed facial contour—dependent defects compared to Caucasian participants (OS: 3 ± 0.09 vs 6 ± 0.08, P < .0001; OD: 2 ± 0.06 vs 4 ± 0.08, P < .001). Kinetic perimetry revealed extended peripheral field extent in East Asians in the inferior nasal quadrant at 300° and 330° (FDR < 0.05). The 60-4 test showed higher threshold sensitivity in select inferior nasal locations among East Asians.
Ethnicity-linked anatomical differences, particularly facial contour, may influence peripheral visual field performance. These findings support integrating facial structure and race-based context into the interpretation of visual field tests and highlight the value of combining kinetic and static perimetry. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | To compare peripheral visual field performance and facial contour-dependent visual field defects between East Asian and Caucasian participants using both kinetic and static perimetry.OBJECTIVETo compare peripheral visual field performance and facial contour-dependent visual field defects between East Asian and Caucasian participants using both kinetic and static perimetry.Cross-sectional observational study.DESIGNCross-sectional observational study.Forty-seven healthy participants, including 25 East Asian individuals (Chinese, Japanese, or Korean ethnicity) and 22 Caucasian individuals, confirmed to have no ocular pathology on clinical examination and optical coherence tomography (OCT).PARTICIPANTSForty-seven healthy participants, including 25 East Asian individuals (Chinese, Japanese, or Korean ethnicity) and 22 Caucasian individuals, confirmed to have no ocular pathology on clinical examination and optical coherence tomography (OCT).All participants underwent visual field testing using the 60-4 threshold test on the Humphrey Field Analyzer II and kinetic perimetry on the Octopus perimeter. Three-dimensional facial reconstructions were generated from 2D facial photographs using neural network-enabled analysis to predict facial contour-dependent visual field obstructions.INTERVENTIONAll participants underwent visual field testing using the 60-4 threshold test on the Humphrey Field Analyzer II and kinetic perimetry on the Octopus perimeter. Three-dimensional facial reconstructions were generated from 2D facial photographs using neural network-enabled analysis to predict facial contour-dependent visual field obstructions.Sum of threshold sensitivities from the 60-4 test, peripheral field extent at specified angles (0°-330°) on kinetic perimetry, and the number of predicted and observed facial contour-dependent visual field defects.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESSum of threshold sensitivities from the 60-4 test, peripheral field extent at specified angles (0°-330°) on kinetic perimetry, and the number of predicted and observed facial contour-dependent visual field defects.East Asian participants showed significantly fewer predicted and observed facial contour-dependent defects compared to Caucasian participants (OS: 3±0.09 vs 6±0.08, p<0.0001; OD: 2±0.06 vs 4±0.08, p<0.001). Kinetic perimetry revealed extended peripheral field extent in East Asians in the inferior nasal quadrant at 300° and 330° (FDR<0.05). The 60-4 test showed higher threshold sensitivity in select inferior nasal locations among East Asians.RESULTSEast Asian participants showed significantly fewer predicted and observed facial contour-dependent defects compared to Caucasian participants (OS: 3±0.09 vs 6±0.08, p<0.0001; OD: 2±0.06 vs 4±0.08, p<0.001). Kinetic perimetry revealed extended peripheral field extent in East Asians in the inferior nasal quadrant at 300° and 330° (FDR<0.05). The 60-4 test showed higher threshold sensitivity in select inferior nasal locations among East Asians.Ethnicity-linked anatomical differences, particularly facial contour, may influence peripheral visual field performance. These findings support integrating facial structure and race-based context into the interpretation of visual field tests and highlight the value of combining kinetic and static perimetry.CONCLUSIONEthnicity-linked anatomical differences, particularly facial contour, may influence peripheral visual field performance. These findings support integrating facial structure and race-based context into the interpretation of visual field tests and highlight the value of combining kinetic and static perimetry. •This study examined peripheral visual field differences between Asian and non-Asian participants using static and kinetic perimetry along with 3D facial reconstruction.•Asian participants demonstrated fewer facial contour-dependent defects compared to non-Asian participants, particularly in the inferior nasal region.•The findings highlight the need for ethnicity-specific normative databases in visual field testing and emphasize the importance of considering facial anatomy's impact on peripheral vision. To compare peripheral visual field performance and facial contour—dependent visual field defects between East Asian and Caucasian participants using both kinetic and static perimetry. Cross-sectional observational study. Forty-seven healthy participants, including 25 East Asian individuals (Chinese, Japanese, or Korean ethnicity) and 22 Caucasian individuals, confirmed to have no ocular pathology on clinical examination and optical coherence tomography (OCT). All participants underwent visual field testing using the 60-4 threshold test on the Humphrey Field Analyzer II and kinetic perimetry on the Octopus perimeter. Three-dimensional facial reconstructions were generated from 2D facial photographs using neural network—enabled analysis to predict facial contour—dependent visual field obstructions. Sum of threshold sensitivities from the 60-4 test, peripheral field extent at specified angles (0°-330°) on kinetic perimetry, and the number of predicted and observed facial contour—dependent visual field defects. East Asian participants showed significantly fewer predicted and observed facial contour—dependent defects compared to Caucasian participants (OS: 3 ± 0.09 vs 6 ± 0.08, P < .0001; OD: 2 ± 0.06 vs 4 ± 0.08, P < .001). Kinetic perimetry revealed extended peripheral field extent in East Asians in the inferior nasal quadrant at 300° and 330° (FDR < 0.05). The 60-4 test showed higher threshold sensitivity in select inferior nasal locations among East Asians. Ethnicity-linked anatomical differences, particularly facial contour, may influence peripheral visual field performance. These findings support integrating facial structure and race-based context into the interpretation of visual field tests and highlight the value of combining kinetic and static perimetry. To compare peripheral visual field performance and facial contour-dependent visual field defects between East Asian and Caucasian participants using both kinetic and static perimetry. Cross-sectional observational study. Forty-seven healthy participants, including 25 East Asian individuals (Chinese, Japanese, or Korean ethnicity) and 22 Caucasian individuals, confirmed to have no ocular pathology on clinical examination and optical coherence tomography (OCT). All participants underwent visual field testing using the 60-4 threshold test on the Humphrey Field Analyzer II and kinetic perimetry on the Octopus perimeter. Three-dimensional facial reconstructions were generated from 2D facial photographs using neural network-enabled analysis to predict facial contour-dependent visual field obstructions. Sum of threshold sensitivities from the 60-4 test, peripheral field extent at specified angles (0°-330°) on kinetic perimetry, and the number of predicted and observed facial contour-dependent visual field defects. East Asian participants showed significantly fewer predicted and observed facial contour-dependent defects compared to Caucasian participants (OS: 3 ± 0.09 vs 6 ± 0.08, P < .0001; OD: 2 ± 0.06 vs 4 ± 0.08, P < .001). Kinetic perimetry revealed extended peripheral field extent in East Asians in the inferior nasal quadrant at 300° and 330° (FDR < 0.05). The 60-4 test showed higher threshold sensitivity in select inferior nasal locations among East Asians. Ethnicity-linked anatomical differences, particularly facial contour, may influence peripheral visual field performance. These findings support integrating facial structure and race-based context into the interpretation of visual field tests and highlight the value of combining kinetic and static perimetry. |
| Author | Khanna, Cheryl Garmany, Armin Mousavi, Mostafa S. Dogahe, Sepideh J. Ashourizadeh, Helia |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Sepideh J. surname: Dogahe fullname: Dogahe, Sepideh J. organization: From the Department of Ophthalmology (S.J.D., M.S.M., H.A., C.K.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Armin orcidid: 0000-0002-5518-8544 surname: Garmany fullname: Garmany, Armin organization: Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (A.G.), Alix School of Medicine, Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Mostafa S. surname: Mousavi fullname: Mousavi, Mostafa S. organization: From the Department of Ophthalmology (S.J.D., M.S.M., H.A., C.K.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Helia orcidid: 0000-0003-1868-4845 surname: Ashourizadeh fullname: Ashourizadeh, Helia organization: From the Department of Ophthalmology (S.J.D., M.S.M., H.A., C.K.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Cheryl surname: Khanna fullname: Khanna, Cheryl email: Khanna.Cheryl@mayo.edu organization: From the Department of Ophthalmology (S.J.D., M.S.M., H.A., C.K.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40545008$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNqFkM9L5DAUgIO4OOOPP8CL9OilNa9p0wZPMjiuMODC7noNafKKqZ1kTKaC_71xRz14cE-PB9_34H2HZN95h4ScAi2AAr8YCjX4oqRlXVBeUFbvkTm0jcihFbBP5pTSMhdMVDNyGOOQVt5UzQGZVbSuakrbOblb-PVGBRu9y3yfLVXIfmGwmwcMaszubZzSWFocTcysy65V3OZX0SqXKWeyhZq0-rf9nroB9TYekx-9GiOevM8j8nd5_WfxM1_d3dwurla5ZnWzzfvW1GULwrSgVYOcMpU-Qug57XgHuuNNA73qGO95ywRtNatqozVWYDRUHTsi57u7m-CfJoxbubZR4zgqh36KkpUlY5UQAAk9e0enbo1GboJdq_AiPyIkAHaADj7GgP0nAlS-hZaDTKHlW2hJuUyhk3O5czA9-WwxyKgtOo3GhtRBGm-_tcUXW4_WWa3GR3z5j_sKKfCW-w |
| Cites_doi | 10.1097/WCO.0000000000001125 10.2174/1874364101711010040 10.1097/WNO.0b013e3182268655 10.1167/iovs.10-5528 10.4103/0301-4738.77013 10.1167/iovs.16-19868 10.1167/iovs.07-0326 10.1167/tvst.11.7.21 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.0412 10.3109/01658107.2014.902971 10.5301/EJO.2011.6299 10.1097/IJG.0000000000002599 10.1016/j.jcrs.2016.09.016 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.11.015 10.1016/j.jfo.2020.10.023 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018831 10.1016/j.aap.2006.02.008 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.07.043 10.1055/s-0035-1563573 10.1159/000067554 10.1097/00061198-199508000-00006 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2016.10.001 10.1136/bjo-2022-321651 10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.06.013 10.1167/iovs.12-10957 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2025 Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc. |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2025 – notice: Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc. |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION NPM 7X8 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic PubMed |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine |
| EISSN | 1879-1891 |
| EndPage | 175 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 40545008 10_1016_j_ajo_2025_06_035 S0002939425003319 |
| Genre | Journal Article |
| GroupedDBID | --- --K --M -~X .1- .55 .FO .GJ .~1 0R~ 1B1 1CY 1P~ 1~. 1~5 23M 4.4 457 4G. 53G 5GY 5RE 5VS 6J9 7-5 71M 8P~ AABNK AAEDT AAEDW AAHTB AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAQQT AAQXK AATTM AAWTL AAXKI AAXUO AAYWO ABBQC ABCQX ABDPE ABFNM ABFRF ABJNI ABLJU ABMAC ABMZM ABOCM ABPEJ ABWVN ABXDB ACDAQ ACGFO ACGFS ACIEU ACIUM ACNCT ACRLP ACRPL ACVFH ADBBV ADCNI ADEZE ADFRT ADMUD ADNMO AEBSH AEFWE AEIPS AEKER AENEX AEUPX AEVXI AFFNX AFJKZ AFPUW AFRHN AFTJW AFXIZ AGCQF AGHFR AGQPQ AGUBO AGYEJ AHMBA AI. AIEXJ AIGII AIIUN AIKHN AITUG AJRQY AJUYK AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMRAJ ANKPU ANZVX APXCP ASPBG AVWKF AXJTR AZFZN BKEYQ BKOJK BLXMC BNPGV BPHCQ BVXVI CS3 EBS EFJIC EFKBS EJD EMOBN EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 EX3 F5P FDB FEDTE FGOYB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-Q GBLVA HVGLF HZ~ IHE J1W J5H K-O KOM L7B M41 MO0 N4W N9A O-L O9- OAUVE OF- OPF OQ~ OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. PQQKQ PROAC Q38 R2- ROL RPZ SCC SDF SDG SDP SEL SES SPCBC SSH SSZ SV3 T5K UNMZH UV1 VH1 WH7 WOW X7M XPP Z5R ZGI ZXP ~G- RIG AAYXX AFCTW AGRNS CITATION NPM 7X8 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c357t-f8d52819d81ca7e603a101e1f60b6b1cb6771fab36f683908c345dcce41dc14b3 |
| IEDL.DBID | .~1 |
| ISSN | 0002-9394 1879-1891 |
| IngestDate | Mon Jun 23 20:40:38 EDT 2025 Fri Jul 18 01:41:17 EDT 2025 Thu Jul 24 02:11:01 EDT 2025 Sat Aug 16 17:03:14 EDT 2025 Tue Aug 26 19:18:14 EDT 2025 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Language | English |
| License | Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc. |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c357t-f8d52819d81ca7e603a101e1f60b6b1cb6771fab36f683908c345dcce41dc14b3 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5518-8544 0000-0003-1868-4845 |
| PMID | 40545008 |
| PQID | 3223349911 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| PageCount | 8 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_3223349911 pubmed_primary_40545008 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajo_2025_06_035 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_ajo_2025_06_035 elsevier_clinicalkey_doi_10_1016_j_ajo_2025_06_035 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2025-10-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2025-10-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 10 year: 2025 text: 2025-10-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | United States |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: United States |
| PublicationTitle | American journal of ophthalmology |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Am J Ophthalmol |
| PublicationYear | 2025 |
| Publisher | Elsevier Inc |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier Inc |
| References | Niederhauser, Mojon (bib0022) 2002; 216 Makhotkina, Berendschot, Nuijts (bib0032) 2016; 42 Nowomiejska, Kiszka, Koman-Wierdak, Rejdak (bib0006) 2018; 2018 Thurtell, Biousse, Bruce, Newman (bib0009) 2012; 32 Mönter, Crabb, Artes (bib0020) 2017; 58 Sustronck, Nguyen, Jean-Charles, David, Merle (bib0010) 2021; 44 Dogahe, Garmany, Mousavi, Khanna (bib0003) 2022; 108 Vance, Roenker, Cissell, Ball (bib0028) 2006; 38 Kedar, Ghate, Corbett (bib0021) 2011; 59 Nousome, Mckean-Cowdin, Richter (bib0025) 2021; 128 Agarwal, Kedar (bib0001) 2015; 35 Kang, Wang, Frueh (bib0008) 2022; 11 Wen, Wong, Lin, Mcgrath (bib0017) 2015 Tsai, Zangwill, Gonzalez, Weinreb (bib0012) 1995; 4 Nousome, Mckean-Cowdin, Richter, Jiang (bib0011) 2021; 128 Mönter, Crabb, Artes (bib0007) 2017; 58 Freeman, Munoz, Rubin, West (bib0026) 2007; 48 Bjerre, Codina, Griffiths (bib0023) 2014; 38 Smolar, Gagrani, Ghate (bib0029) 2022; 36 Howells, Eperjesi, Bartlett (bib0016) 2013; 54 Jiang, Tarczy-Hornoch, Cotter (bib0014) 2020; 138 Tan, Yap, Li, Yip (bib0031) 2017; 11 Berezina, Khouri, Kolomeyer (bib0018) 2011; 21 De Moraes, Liebmann, Levin (bib0002) 2017; 56 Jamali D, Garmany, Kaplan, Khanna (bib0019) 2025 Berezina, Khouri, Kolomeyer, Fechtner (bib0004) 2011; 21 Davey, Lievens, Amonoo-Monney (bib0015) 2020; 12 Rudnicka, Owen, Nightingale, Whincup (bib0013) 2010; 51 Niederhauser, Mojon (bib0005) 2002; 216 Girkin, McGwin, Sinai, Garway-Heath (bib0024) 2011; 118 Perez, Chansangpetch, Mora (bib0030) 2021; 221 Subhi, Latham, Myint, Crossland (bib0027) 2017; 7 Agarwal (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0001) 2015; 35 Makhotkina (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0032) 2016; 42 Bjerre (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0023) 2014; 38 De Moraes (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0002) 2017; 56 Mönter (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0020) 2017; 58 Girkin (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0024) 2011; 118 Perez (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0030) 2021; 221 Mönter (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0007) 2017; 58 Rudnicka (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0013) 2010; 51 Howells (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0016) 2013; 54 Jamali D (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0019) 2025 Davey (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0015) 2020; 12 Berezina (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0018) 2011; 21 Smolar (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0029) 2022; 36 Sustronck (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0010) 2021; 44 Tsai (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0012) 1995; 4 Niederhauser (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0005) 2002; 216 Nowomiejska (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0006) 2018; 2018 Niederhauser (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0022) 2002; 216 Vance (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0028) 2006; 38 Nousome (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0011) 2021; 128 Thurtell (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0009) 2012; 32 Jiang (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0014) 2020; 138 Wen (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0017) 2015 Dogahe (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0003) 2022; 108 Kang (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0008) 2022; 11 Subhi (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0027) 2017; 7 Berezina (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0004) 2011; 21 Nousome (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0025) 2021; 128 Kedar (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0021) 2011; 59 Freeman (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0026) 2007; 48 Tan (10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0031) 2017; 11 |
| References_xml | – volume: 11 start-page: 40 year: 2017 end-page: 46 ident: bib0031 article-title: Comparison of ethnic-specific databases in Heidelberg retina tomography-3 to discriminate between early glaucoma and normal Chinese eyes publication-title: Open Ophthalmol J – volume: 56 start-page: 107 year: 2017 end-page: 147 ident: bib0002 article-title: Detection and measurement of clinically meaningful visual field progression in clinical trials for glaucoma publication-title: Prog Retin Eye Res – volume: 54 start-page: 2711 year: 2013 end-page: 2719 ident: bib0016 article-title: Macular pigment optical density in young adults of South Asian origin publication-title: Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci – volume: 221 start-page: 311 year: 2021 end-page: 322 ident: bib0030 article-title: Ethnicity-specific database improves the diagnostic ability of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness to detect glaucoma publication-title: Am J Ophthalmol – volume: 216 start-page: 406 year: 2002 end-page: 408 ident: bib0022 article-title: Normal isopter position in the peripheral visual field in Goldmann kinetic perimetry publication-title: Ophthalmologica – volume: 36 start-page: 19 year: 2022 end-page: 25 ident: bib0029 article-title: Peripheral visual field loss and activities of daily living publication-title: Curr Opin Neurol – volume: 2018 year: 2018 ident: bib0006 article-title: Analysis of visual field defects obtained with semiautomated kinetic perimetry in patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy publication-title: J Ophthalmol – volume: 38 start-page: 823 year: 2006 end-page: 831 ident: bib0028 article-title: Predictors of driving exposure and avoidance in a field study of older drivers from the state of Maryland publication-title: Accid; Anal Prev – volume: 138 start-page: 501 year: 2020 end-page: 509 ident: bib0014 article-title: Association of parental myopia with higher risk of myopia among multiethnic children before school age publication-title: JAMA Ophthalmol – volume: 21 start-page: 415 year: 2011 end-page: 421 ident: bib0004 article-title: Peripheral visual field thresholds using Humphrey Field Analyzer Program 60–4 in normal eyes publication-title: Eur J Ophthalmol – volume: 128 start-page: 1005 year: 2021 end-page: 1015 ident: bib0011 article-title: Retinal nerve Fiber layer thickness in healthy eyes of African, Chinese, and Latino Americans: a population-based multiethnic study publication-title: Ophthalmology – volume: 4 start-page: 248 year: 1995 end-page: 257 ident: bib0012 article-title: Ethnic differences in optic nerve head topography publication-title: J Glaucoma – volume: 108 start-page: 112 year: 2022 end-page: 116 ident: bib0003 article-title: Predicting 60–4 visual field tests using 3D facial reconstruction publication-title: Br J Ophthalmol – volume: 58 start-page: 868 year: 2017 end-page: 875 ident: bib0007 article-title: Reclaiming the periphery: automated kinetic perimetry for measuring peripheral visual fields in patients with glaucoma publication-title: Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci – volume: 51 start-page: 6270 year: 2010 end-page: 6276 ident: bib0013 article-title: Ethnic differences in the prevalence of myopia and ocular biometry in 10- and 11-year-old children: the Child Heart and Health Study in England (CHASE) publication-title: Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci – volume: 58 start-page: 868 year: 2017 end-page: 875 ident: bib0020 article-title: Reclaiming the periphery: automated kinetic perimetry for measuring peripheral visual fields in patients with glaucoma publication-title: Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci – year: 2025 ident: bib0019 article-title: Analysis of standard automated visual field tests in glaucoma and the role of facial contour publication-title: J Glaucoma – volume: 21 start-page: 415 year: 2011 end-page: 421 ident: bib0018 article-title: Peripheral visual field thresholds using Humphrey field analyzer program 60-4 in normal eyes publication-title: Eur J Ophthalmol – volume: 118 start-page: 2403 year: 2011 end-page: 2408 ident: bib0024 article-title: Variation in optic nerve and macular structure with age and race with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography publication-title: Ophthalmology – volume: 216 start-page: 406 year: 2002 end-page: 408 ident: bib0005 article-title: Normal isopter position in the peripheral visual field in Goldmann kinetic perimetry publication-title: Ophthalmologica – volume: 59 start-page: 103 year: 2011 end-page: 109 ident: bib0021 article-title: Visual fields in neuro-ophthalmology publication-title: Indian J Ophthalmol – volume: 11 year: 2022 ident: bib0008 article-title: Cohort study of race/ethnicity and incident primary open-angle glaucoma characterized by autonomously determined visual field loss patterns publication-title: Trans Vis Sci Technol – volume: 44 start-page: 989 year: 2021 end-page: 994 ident: bib0010 article-title: Visual field defects due to optic nerve drusen in Afro-Caribbean patients: a case series of 16 eyes publication-title: J Fr Ophtalmol – volume: 38 start-page: 189 year: 2014 end-page: 198 ident: bib0023 article-title: Peripheral visual fields in children and young adults using semi-automated kinetic perimetry: feasibility of testing, normative data, and repeatability publication-title: Neuro-Ophthalmol – volume: 128 start-page: 1005 year: 2021 end-page: 1015 ident: bib0025 article-title: Retinal nerve Fiber layer thickness in healthy eyes of African, Chinese, and Latino Americans: a population-based multiethnic study publication-title: Ophthalmology – volume: 42 start-page: 1626 year: 2016 end-page: 1633 ident: bib0032 article-title: Objective evaluation of negative dysphotopsia with Goldmann kinetic perimetry publication-title: J Cataract Refract Surg – volume: 12 year: 2020 ident: bib0015 article-title: Differences in macular pigment optical density across four ethnicities: a comparative study publication-title: Ther Adv Ophthalmol – volume: 48 start-page: 4445 year: 2007 end-page: 4450 ident: bib0026 article-title: Visual field loss increases the risk of falls in older adults: the Salisbury eye evaluation publication-title: Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci – volume: 7 year: 2017 ident: bib0027 article-title: Functional visual fields: a cross-sectional UK study to determine which visual field paradigms best reflect difficulty with mobility function publication-title: BMJ Open – volume: 35 start-page: 549 year: 2015 end-page: 556 ident: bib0001 article-title: Prognosis and treatment of visual field defects publication-title: Semin Neurol – volume: 32 start-page: 13 year: 2012 end-page: 16 ident: bib0009 article-title: Optic nerve head drusen in black patients publication-title: J Neuro-Ophthalmol – start-page: 10 year: 2015 ident: bib0017 article-title: Inter-ethnic/racial facial variations: a systematic review and bayesian meta-analysis of photogrammetric studies publication-title: PLoS One – volume: 36 start-page: 19 year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0029 article-title: Peripheral visual field loss and activities of daily living publication-title: Curr Opin Neurol doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000001125 – volume: 12 year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0015 article-title: Differences in macular pigment optical density across four ethnicities: a comparative study publication-title: Ther Adv Ophthalmol – volume: 2018 issue: 1 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0006 article-title: Analysis of visual field defects obtained with semiautomated kinetic perimetry in patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy publication-title: J Ophthalmol – volume: 11 start-page: 40 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0031 article-title: Comparison of ethnic-specific databases in Heidelberg retina tomography-3 to discriminate between early glaucoma and normal Chinese eyes publication-title: Open Ophthalmol J doi: 10.2174/1874364101711010040 – volume: 32 start-page: 13 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0009 article-title: Optic nerve head drusen in black patients publication-title: J Neuro-Ophthalmol doi: 10.1097/WNO.0b013e3182268655 – volume: 51 start-page: 6270 issue: 12 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0013 article-title: Ethnic differences in the prevalence of myopia and ocular biometry in 10- and 11-year-old children: the Child Heart and Health Study in England (CHASE) publication-title: Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci doi: 10.1167/iovs.10-5528 – volume: 59 start-page: 103 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0021 article-title: Visual fields in neuro-ophthalmology publication-title: Indian J Ophthalmol doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.77013 – volume: 58 start-page: 868 issue: 2 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0007 article-title: Reclaiming the periphery: automated kinetic perimetry for measuring peripheral visual fields in patients with glaucoma publication-title: Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci doi: 10.1167/iovs.16-19868 – start-page: 10 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0017 article-title: Inter-ethnic/racial facial variations: a systematic review and bayesian meta-analysis of photogrammetric studies publication-title: PLoS One – volume: 48 start-page: 4445 issue: 10 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0026 article-title: Visual field loss increases the risk of falls in older adults: the Salisbury eye evaluation publication-title: Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci doi: 10.1167/iovs.07-0326 – volume: 11 issue: 7 year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0008 article-title: Cohort study of race/ethnicity and incident primary open-angle glaucoma characterized by autonomously determined visual field loss patterns publication-title: Trans Vis Sci Technol doi: 10.1167/tvst.11.7.21 – volume: 138 start-page: 501 issue: 5 year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0014 article-title: Association of parental myopia with higher risk of myopia among multiethnic children before school age publication-title: JAMA Ophthalmol doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.0412 – volume: 38 start-page: 189 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0023 article-title: Peripheral visual fields in children and young adults using semi-automated kinetic perimetry: feasibility of testing, normative data, and repeatability publication-title: Neuro-Ophthalmol doi: 10.3109/01658107.2014.902971 – volume: 21 start-page: 415 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0004 article-title: Peripheral visual field thresholds using Humphrey Field Analyzer Program 60–4 in normal eyes publication-title: Eur J Ophthalmol doi: 10.5301/EJO.2011.6299 – year: 2025 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0019 article-title: Analysis of standard automated visual field tests in glaucoma and the role of facial contour publication-title: J Glaucoma doi: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000002599 – volume: 42 start-page: 1626 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0032 article-title: Objective evaluation of negative dysphotopsia with Goldmann kinetic perimetry publication-title: J Cataract Refract Surg doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2016.09.016 – volume: 128 start-page: 1005 issue: 7 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0025 article-title: Retinal nerve Fiber layer thickness in healthy eyes of African, Chinese, and Latino Americans: a population-based multiethnic study publication-title: Ophthalmology doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.11.015 – volume: 44 start-page: 989 issue: 7 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0010 article-title: Visual field defects due to optic nerve drusen in Afro-Caribbean patients: a case series of 16 eyes publication-title: J Fr Ophtalmol doi: 10.1016/j.jfo.2020.10.023 – volume: 21 start-page: 415 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0018 article-title: Peripheral visual field thresholds using Humphrey field analyzer program 60-4 in normal eyes publication-title: Eur J Ophthalmol doi: 10.5301/EJO.2011.6299 – volume: 7 issue: 11 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0027 article-title: Functional visual fields: a cross-sectional UK study to determine which visual field paradigms best reflect difficulty with mobility function publication-title: BMJ Open doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018831 – volume: 38 start-page: 823 issue: 4 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0028 article-title: Predictors of driving exposure and avoidance in a field study of older drivers from the state of Maryland publication-title: Accid; Anal Prev doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2006.02.008 – volume: 221 start-page: 311 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0030 article-title: Ethnicity-specific database improves the diagnostic ability of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness to detect glaucoma publication-title: Am J Ophthalmol doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.07.043 – volume: 35 start-page: 549 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0001 article-title: Prognosis and treatment of visual field defects publication-title: Semin Neurol doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1563573 – volume: 216 start-page: 406 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0005 article-title: Normal isopter position in the peripheral visual field in Goldmann kinetic perimetry publication-title: Ophthalmologica doi: 10.1159/000067554 – volume: 4 start-page: 248 year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0012 article-title: Ethnic differences in optic nerve head topography publication-title: J Glaucoma doi: 10.1097/00061198-199508000-00006 – volume: 56 start-page: 107 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0002 article-title: Detection and measurement of clinically meaningful visual field progression in clinical trials for glaucoma publication-title: Prog Retin Eye Res doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2016.10.001 – volume: 58 start-page: 868 issue: 2 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0020 article-title: Reclaiming the periphery: automated kinetic perimetry for measuring peripheral visual fields in patients with glaucoma publication-title: Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci doi: 10.1167/iovs.16-19868 – volume: 216 start-page: 406 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0022 article-title: Normal isopter position in the peripheral visual field in Goldmann kinetic perimetry publication-title: Ophthalmologica doi: 10.1159/000067554 – volume: 108 start-page: 112 year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0003 article-title: Predicting 60–4 visual field tests using 3D facial reconstruction publication-title: Br J Ophthalmol doi: 10.1136/bjo-2022-321651 – volume: 118 start-page: 2403 issue: 12 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0024 article-title: Variation in optic nerve and macular structure with age and race with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography publication-title: Ophthalmology doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.06.013 – volume: 128 start-page: 1005 issue: 7 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0011 article-title: Retinal nerve Fiber layer thickness in healthy eyes of African, Chinese, and Latino Americans: a population-based multiethnic study publication-title: Ophthalmology doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.11.015 – volume: 54 start-page: 2711 issue: 4 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035_bib0016 article-title: Macular pigment optical density in young adults of South Asian origin publication-title: Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci doi: 10.1167/iovs.12-10957 |
| SSID | ssj0006747 |
| Score | 2.4783788 |
| Snippet | •This study examined peripheral visual field differences between Asian and non-Asian participants using static and kinetic perimetry along with 3D facial... To compare peripheral visual field performance and facial contour-dependent visual field defects between East Asian and Caucasian participants using both... |
| SourceID | proquest pubmed crossref elsevier |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 168 |
| Title | Comparison of Far Peripheral Visual Fields in East-Asian and Caucasian Subjects |
| URI | https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/1-s2.0-S0002939425003319 https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2025.06.035 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40545008 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3223349911 |
| Volume | 278 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1JS8NAFB6KgngRd-tSRvAkRDOZySQ9ltJSlVYPVnobZkmgImlp2qu_3feyVAQX8BQmZEjy5s33vuRthFw5YazvfOvJto49sNexZxxsdxEzllohQi4xOXk4koOxuJ-Ekwbp1rkwGFZZYX-J6QVaV2duK2nezqdTzPH1wVa1QemwIVlR-hOr14FO37x_hnnISEQ1Bcara89mEeOlXzH_LwiLEp5Fx7dvbdNP3LOwQf1dslORR9opn2-PNJJsn2wNK_f4AXnsrrsK0llK-3pBn0DDisoBb_Rlmq_g0MeYtZxOM9rT-dLrYBYl1ZmjXY0N0HAEaIK_Z_JDMu73nrsDr-qY4FkeRksvjV2InjEXM6ujRPpcw5smLJW-kYZZI6OIpdpwmUpgRn5suQidtYlgzjJh-BHZyGZZckKoMBGQm7YGAtQWvtNaxgm3gRY6MJEORJNc17JS87Iwhqojxl4VCFahYBVGzfGwSYJamqrO-ASMUgDbv00S60lfVOKvaZf1cinYKuj_0FkyW-UKsItz-MJjrEmOy3VcPzrwVgF6FJ_-76ZnZBtHZZTfOdlYLlbJBbCVpWkV6tgim527h8HoA_0J5dI |
| linkProvider | Elsevier |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1La9tAEB6MA00vJUnT1nluIaeCiFa7WslHY2LsJHZ7iINvyz4ksAmyiez_nxk9DIW0hZ6EJAatZme__aR5Adx4aV3oQxeovkkD3K_TwHpc7jLlPHdSxkJRcvJ0psZzeb-IFx0YtrkwFFbZYH-N6RVaN1duG23ebpZLyvENca_qo9FRQzIq_XlA1alkFw4Gk4fxbA_IKpFJy4JJoHVuVmFeZkUpgFFcVfGsmr69uz39iX5W29DoCD41_JEN6iEeQycrTuDDtPGQf4afw31jQbbO2ci8sl9oZFXxgBf2vCx3eBhR2FrJlgW7M-U2GFAiJTOFZ0NDPdDoDAGF_tCUpzAf3T0Nx0HTNCFwIk62QZ76mJxjPuXOJJkKhcE3zXiuQqssd1YlCc-NFSpXSI7C1AkZe-cyyb3j0oov0C3WRfYNmLQJ8pu-QQ7Ul6E3RqWZcJGRJrKJiWQPfrS60pu6NoZug8ZWGhWrSbGaAudE3IOo1aZukz4RpjQi99-E5F7oN6v4l9j3dro0rhZygZgiW-9KjfAlBH7kcd6Dr_U87oeO1FWiKaVn__fQazgcP00f9eNk9nAOH-lOHfR3Ad3t6y67RPKytVeNcb4B6-fogw |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Far+Peripheral+Visual+Fields+in+East-Asian+and+Caucasian+Subjects&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+ophthalmology&rft.au=Dogahe%2C+Sepideh+J.&rft.au=Garmany%2C+Armin&rft.au=Mousavi%2C+Mostafa+S.&rft.au=Ashourizadeh%2C+Helia&rft.date=2025-10-01&rft.issn=0002-9394&rft.volume=278&rft.spage=168&rft.epage=175&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ajo.2025.06.035&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1016_j_ajo_2025_06_035 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0002-9394&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0002-9394&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0002-9394&client=summon |