Optimal placement of freight electric vehicles charging stations and their impact on the power distribution network

• Published in: International journal of industrial engineering computations Vol. 10; no. 4; pp. 535 - 556
• Main Authors: Londoño, Andrés Arias, Granada-Echeverri, Mauricio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Growing Science 01.10.2019
• Subjects: Capacitated vehicle routing problem; Electric vehicle; Electric vehicle charging station; Power distribution system; Shortest path problem; Transportation network
• ISSN: 1923-2926; 1923-2934
• DOI: 10.5267/j.ijiec.2019.3.002

In this paper, an optimization model for the Charging Station Location Problem of Electric Vehicles for Freight Transportation CSLP-EVFT is presented. This model aims to determine an optimal location strategy of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations EVCSs and the routing plan of a fleet of electric vehicles under battery driving range limitation, in conjunction with the impact on the power distribution system. Freight transportation is modeled under the mobility patterns followed by the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem CVRP for contracted fleet, and Shortest Path SP problem for subcontracted fleet. A linear formulation of the power flow is used in order to consider the impact on the electric grid. Several costs are examined, i.e., EVs routing, installation and energy consumption of EVCSs, and energy losses. Although uncertainties related to temporal variation of some aspects (number of customers and their demands, fleet size, power network nodes and routes) are not addressed, the proposed model represents a useful approach to evaluate multiple scenarios or to be introduced within stochastic optimization. Instead, the mathematical model is studied under the variation of EVs travel range that accounts for the advance of battery technology and sensitivity analysis. Additionally, the problem is reduced to a mixed integer non-linear mathematical model, which is linearized by using multivariable Taylor’s series.