Cellular Senescence and Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Obesity—A Narrative Review

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 25; no. 14; p. 7943
• Main Authors: Liang, Yicong, Kaushal, Devesh, Wilson, Robert Beaumont
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 20.07.2024
• Subjects: Adipocytes; Adipocytes - metabolism; Aging; Animals; Apoptosis; Ataxia; Body composition; Body mass index; Cellular Senescence; Cyclin-dependent kinases; Diabetes; Diet; Disease; DNA methylation; Energy; Exosomes - metabolism; Extracellular Vesicles - metabolism; Gastrointestinal surgery; Humans; Hypotheses; Kinases; Metabolic syndrome; Mitochondria; Obesity; Obesity - metabolism; Obesity - pathology; Oils & fats; Overweight; Oxidative stress; Physiology; Proteins; Reactive oxygen species; Senescence; Weight control; hypertrophic obesity; adiponectin; epigenome; autophagy; extracellular vesicles; ER stress; VAT; SASP; p53; metabolic syndrome; SIRT-1; DDR; cellular senescence; NEFA; exosomes; ROS; lipotoxicity; Western-type diet; senolytic; AMPK; miRNA; aging; obesogenic environment; insulin resistance

This narrative review explores the pathophysiology of obesity, cellular senescence, and exosome release. When exposed to excessive nutrients, adipocytes develop mitochondrial dysfunction and generate reactive oxygen species with DNA damage. This triggers adipocyte hypertrophy and hypoxia, inhibition...