Immune cell profiling of COVID-19 patients in the recovery stage by single-cell sequencing
COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has recently affected over 1,200,000 people and killed more than 60,000. The key immune cell subsets change and their states during the course of COVID-19 remain unclear. We sought to comprehensively characterize the transcriptional changes in peripheral blood mononuc...
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| Published in | Cell discovery Vol. 6; no. 1; p. 31 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Singapore
Springer Singapore
04.05.2020
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has recently affected over 1,200,000 people and killed more than 60,000. The key immune cell subsets change and their states during the course of COVID-19 remain unclear. We sought to comprehensively characterize the transcriptional changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells during the recovery stage of COVID-19 by single-cell RNA sequencing technique. It was found that T cells decreased remarkably, whereas monocytes increased in patients in the early recovery stage (ERS) of COVID-19. There was an increased ratio of classical CD14
++
monocytes with high inflammatory gene expression as well as a greater abundance of CD14
++
IL1β
+
monocytes in the ERS. CD4
+
T cells and CD8
+
T cells decreased significantly and expressed high levels of inflammatory genes in the ERS. Among the B cells, the plasma cells increased remarkably, whereas the naïve B cells decreased. Several novel B cell-receptor (BCR) changes were identified, such as IGHV3-23 and IGHV3-7, and isotypes (IGHV3-15, IGHV3-30, and IGKV3-11) previously used for virus vaccine development were confirmed. The strongest pairing frequencies, IGHV3-23-IGHJ4, indicated a monoclonal state associated with SARS-CoV-2 specificity, which had not been reported yet. Furthermore, integrated analysis predicted that IL-1β and M-CSF may be novel candidate target genes for inflammatory storm and that TNFSF13, IL-18, IL-2, and IL-4 may be beneficial for the recovery of COVID-19 patients. Our study provides the first evidence of an inflammatory immune signature in the ERS, suggesting COVID-19 patients are still vulnerable after hospital discharge. Identification of novel BCR signaling may lead to the development of vaccines and antibodies for the treatment of COVID-19. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has recently affected over 1,200,000 people and killed more than 60,000. The key immune cell subsets change and their states during the course of COVID-19 remain unclear. We sought to comprehensively characterize the transcriptional changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells during the recovery stage of COVID-19 by single-cell RNA sequencing technique. It was found that T cells decreased remarkably, whereas monocytes increased in patients in the early recovery stage (ERS) of COVID-19. There was an increased ratio of classical CD14++ monocytes with high inflammatory gene expression as well as a greater abundance of CD14++IL1β+ monocytes in the ERS. CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells decreased significantly and expressed high levels of inflammatory genes in the ERS. Among the B cells, the plasma cells increased remarkably, whereas the naïve B cells decreased. Several novel B cell-receptor (BCR) changes were identified, such as IGHV3-23 and IGHV3-7, and isotypes (IGHV3-15, IGHV3-30, and IGKV3-11) previously used for virus vaccine development were confirmed. The strongest pairing frequencies, IGHV3-23-IGHJ4, indicated a monoclonal state associated with SARS-CoV-2 specificity, which had not been reported yet. Furthermore, integrated analysis predicted that IL-1β and M-CSF may be novel candidate target genes for inflammatory storm and that TNFSF13, IL-18, IL-2, and IL-4 may be beneficial for the recovery of COVID-19 patients. Our study provides the first evidence of an inflammatory immune signature in the ERS, suggesting COVID-19 patients are still vulnerable after hospital discharge. Identification of novel BCR signaling may lead to the development of vaccines and antibodies for the treatment of COVID-19.COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has recently affected over 1,200,000 people and killed more than 60,000. The key immune cell subsets change and their states during the course of COVID-19 remain unclear. We sought to comprehensively characterize the transcriptional changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells during the recovery stage of COVID-19 by single-cell RNA sequencing technique. It was found that T cells decreased remarkably, whereas monocytes increased in patients in the early recovery stage (ERS) of COVID-19. There was an increased ratio of classical CD14++ monocytes with high inflammatory gene expression as well as a greater abundance of CD14++IL1β+ monocytes in the ERS. CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells decreased significantly and expressed high levels of inflammatory genes in the ERS. Among the B cells, the plasma cells increased remarkably, whereas the naïve B cells decreased. Several novel B cell-receptor (BCR) changes were identified, such as IGHV3-23 and IGHV3-7, and isotypes (IGHV3-15, IGHV3-30, and IGKV3-11) previously used for virus vaccine development were confirmed. The strongest pairing frequencies, IGHV3-23-IGHJ4, indicated a monoclonal state associated with SARS-CoV-2 specificity, which had not been reported yet. Furthermore, integrated analysis predicted that IL-1β and M-CSF may be novel candidate target genes for inflammatory storm and that TNFSF13, IL-18, IL-2, and IL-4 may be beneficial for the recovery of COVID-19 patients. Our study provides the first evidence of an inflammatory immune signature in the ERS, suggesting COVID-19 patients are still vulnerable after hospital discharge. Identification of novel BCR signaling may lead to the development of vaccines and antibodies for the treatment of COVID-19. COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has recently affected over 1,200,000 people and killed more than 60,000. The key immune cell subsets change and their states during the course of COVID-19 remain unclear. We sought to comprehensively characterize the transcriptional changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells during the recovery stage of COVID-19 by single-cell RNA sequencing technique. It was found that T cells decreased remarkably, whereas monocytes increased in patients in the early recovery stage (ERS) of COVID-19. There was an increased ratio of classical CD14 monocytes with high inflammatory gene expression as well as a greater abundance of CD14 IL1β monocytes in the ERS. CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells decreased significantly and expressed high levels of inflammatory genes in the ERS. Among the B cells, the plasma cells increased remarkably, whereas the naïve B cells decreased. Several novel B cell-receptor (BCR) changes were identified, such as IGHV3-23 and IGHV3-7, and isotypes (IGHV3-15, IGHV3-30, and IGKV3-11) previously used for virus vaccine development were confirmed. The strongest pairing frequencies, IGHV3-23-IGHJ4, indicated a monoclonal state associated with SARS-CoV-2 specificity, which had not been reported yet. Furthermore, integrated analysis predicted that IL-1β and M-CSF may be novel candidate target genes for inflammatory storm and that TNFSF13, IL-18, IL-2, and IL-4 may be beneficial for the recovery of COVID-19 patients. Our study provides the first evidence of an inflammatory immune signature in the ERS, suggesting COVID-19 patients are still vulnerable after hospital discharge. Identification of novel BCR signaling may lead to the development of vaccines and antibodies for the treatment of COVID-19. COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has recently affected over 1,200,000 people and killed more than 60,000. The key immune cell subsets change and their states during the course of COVID-19 remain unclear. We sought to comprehensively characterize the transcriptional changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells during the recovery stage of COVID-19 by single-cell RNA sequencing technique. It was found that T cells decreased remarkably, whereas monocytes increased in patients in the early recovery stage (ERS) of COVID-19. There was an increased ratio of classical CD14 ++ monocytes with high inflammatory gene expression as well as a greater abundance of CD14 ++ IL1β + monocytes in the ERS. CD4 + T cells and CD8 + T cells decreased significantly and expressed high levels of inflammatory genes in the ERS. Among the B cells, the plasma cells increased remarkably, whereas the naïve B cells decreased. Several novel B cell-receptor (BCR) changes were identified, such as IGHV3-23 and IGHV3-7, and isotypes (IGHV3-15, IGHV3-30, and IGKV3-11) previously used for virus vaccine development were confirmed. The strongest pairing frequencies, IGHV3-23-IGHJ4, indicated a monoclonal state associated with SARS-CoV-2 specificity, which had not been reported yet. Furthermore, integrated analysis predicted that IL-1β and M-CSF may be novel candidate target genes for inflammatory storm and that TNFSF13, IL-18, IL-2, and IL-4 may be beneficial for the recovery of COVID-19 patients. Our study provides the first evidence of an inflammatory immune signature in the ERS, suggesting COVID-19 patients are still vulnerable after hospital discharge. Identification of novel BCR signaling may lead to the development of vaccines and antibodies for the treatment of COVID-19. COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has recently affected over 1,200,000 people and killed more than 60,000. The key immune cell subsets change and their states during the course of COVID-19 remain unclear. We sought to comprehensively characterize the transcriptional changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells during the recovery stage of COVID-19 by single-cell RNA sequencing technique. It was found that T cells decreased remarkably, whereas monocytes increased in patients in the early recovery stage (ERS) of COVID-19. There was an increased ratio of classical CD14 ++ monocytes with high inflammatory gene expression as well as a greater abundance of CD14 ++ IL1β + monocytes in the ERS. CD4 + T cells and CD8 + T cells decreased significantly and expressed high levels of inflammatory genes in the ERS. Among the B cells, the plasma cells increased remarkably, whereas the naïve B cells decreased. Several novel B cell-receptor (BCR) changes were identified, such as IGHV3-23 and IGHV3-7, and isotypes (IGHV3-15, IGHV3-30, and IGKV3-11) previously used for virus vaccine development were confirmed. The strongest pairing frequencies, IGHV3-23-IGHJ4, indicated a monoclonal state associated with SARS-CoV-2 specificity, which had not been reported yet. Furthermore, integrated analysis predicted that IL-1β and M-CSF may be novel candidate target genes for inflammatory storm and that TNFSF13, IL-18, IL-2, and IL-4 may be beneficial for the recovery of COVID-19 patients. Our study provides the first evidence of an inflammatory immune signature in the ERS, suggesting COVID-19 patients are still vulnerable after hospital discharge. Identification of novel BCR signaling may lead to the development of vaccines and antibodies for the treatment of COVID-19. |
| ArticleNumber | 31 |
| Author | Wen, Wen Dong, Liwei Wang, Depeng Miao, Yushan Xie, Lihui Li, Jianmin Xiao, Chuanle Le, Wenqing Su, Wenru Dong, Jiantao Tang, Hao Chen, Wei Cui, Xiuliang Wang, Hongyang Ye, Jinguo Zhang, Xiaopeng Zheng, Yingfeng Liu, Xiuxing |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Wen surname: Wen fullname: Wen, Wen organization: National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University – sequence: 2 givenname: Wenru surname: Su fullname: Su, Wenru organization: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University – sequence: 3 givenname: Hao surname: Tang fullname: Tang, Hao organization: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Department of Critical Care, Wuhan Huoshenshan Hospital – sequence: 4 givenname: Wenqing surname: Le fullname: Le, Wenqing organization: Department of Critical Care, Wuhan Hankou Hospital – sequence: 5 givenname: Xiaopeng surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Xiaopeng organization: Laboratory of Vaccine and Antibody Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology – sequence: 6 givenname: Yingfeng surname: Zheng fullname: Zheng, Yingfeng organization: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University – sequence: 7 givenname: Xiuxing surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Xiuxing organization: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University – sequence: 8 givenname: Lihui surname: Xie fullname: Xie, Lihui organization: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University – sequence: 9 givenname: Jianmin surname: Li fullname: Li, Jianmin organization: Laboratory of Vaccine and Antibody Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology – sequence: 10 givenname: Jinguo surname: Ye fullname: Ye, Jinguo organization: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University – sequence: 11 givenname: Liwei surname: Dong fullname: Dong, Liwei organization: National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University – sequence: 12 givenname: Xiuliang surname: Cui fullname: Cui, Xiuliang organization: National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University – sequence: 13 givenname: Yushan surname: Miao fullname: Miao, Yushan organization: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University – sequence: 14 givenname: Depeng surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Depeng organization: GrandOmics Diagnosis Co. Ltd – sequence: 15 givenname: Jiantao surname: Dong fullname: Dong, Jiantao organization: Berry Genomics Co. Ltd – sequence: 16 givenname: Chuanle surname: Xiao fullname: Xiao, Chuanle email: xiaochuanle@126.com organization: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University – sequence: 17 givenname: Wei surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Wei email: cw0226@foxmail.com organization: Laboratory of Vaccine and Antibody Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology – sequence: 18 givenname: Hongyang surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Hongyang email: hywangk@vip.sina.com organization: National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32377375$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has recently affected over 1,200,000 people and killed more than 60,000. The key immune cell subsets change and their states... COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has recently affected over 1,200,000 people and killed more than 60,000. The key immune cell subsets change and their states... |
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| SubjectTerms | 631/250 631/80/304 Biomedical and Life Sciences Cell Biology Cell Culture Cell Cycle Analysis Cell Physiology Life Sciences Stem Cells |
| Title | Immune cell profiling of COVID-19 patients in the recovery stage by single-cell sequencing |
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