Modelling of water absorption kinetics and biocompatibility study of synthesized cellulose nanofiber-assisted starch-graft-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogel nanocomposites
To prepare superabsorbent hydrogels, starch-graft-poly(acrylic acid) reinforced by cellulose nanofibers (CNF), was synthesized through free radical graft polymerization. The results of its biocompatibility tests exhibited that by increasing incubation time from 1 to 5 days, the numbers of living cel...
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Published in | Cellulose (London) Vol. 27; no. 17; pp. 9927 - 9945 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Dordrecht
Springer Netherlands
01.11.2020
Springer Nature B.V |
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Abstract | To prepare superabsorbent hydrogels, starch-graft-poly(acrylic acid) reinforced by cellulose nanofibers (CNF), was synthesized through free radical graft polymerization. The results of its biocompatibility tests exhibited that by increasing incubation time from 1 to 5 days, the numbers of living cells were increased on both reinforced and unreinforced hydrogels. However, the fraction of cells on the surfaces of the reinforced hydrogel is comparable to unreinforced samples. The swelling amounts in NaCl, CaCl
2
, and AlCl
3
solutions were 193 ± 9, 110 ± 8, and 99 ± 7 (g
water
/g
absorbent
) for 5 wt% CNF-reinforced hydrogels and 109 ± 8, 62 ± 7, and 56 ± 6 (g
water
/g
absorbent
) for unreinforced hydrogels, respectively. Compressive strength and Young’s modulus of 5 wt% CNF-assisted hydrogels were also 63.3 and 31.6 kPa corresponding to 69% and 140% improvements compared with unreinforced one. The graft polymerization of acrylic acid monomer was controlled by monomer content and cross-linking percentage, in order to achieve the highest swelling capacity for hydrogels. Hydrogel swelling in water was 312 g
water
/g
absorbent
for unreinforced hydrogel and 523 g
water
/g
absorbent
for 5 wt% CNF-reinforced sample and water absorption kinetics results was in agreement with the pseudo-second-order model. The prepared CNF-reinforced starch-graft-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels can be used in a wide range of medical application due to the enhanced hydrophilicity, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility.
Graphic abstract |
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AbstractList | To prepare superabsorbent hydrogels, starch-graft-poly(acrylic acid) reinforced by cellulose nanofibers (CNF), was synthesized through free radical graft polymerization. The results of its biocompatibility tests exhibited that by increasing incubation time from 1 to 5 days, the numbers of living cells were increased on both reinforced and unreinforced hydrogels. However, the fraction of cells on the surfaces of the reinforced hydrogel is comparable to unreinforced samples. The swelling amounts in NaCl, CaCl2, and AlCl3 solutions were 193 ± 9, 110 ± 8, and 99 ± 7 (gwater/gabsorbent) for 5 wt% CNF-reinforced hydrogels and 109 ± 8, 62 ± 7, and 56 ± 6 (gwater/gabsorbent) for unreinforced hydrogels, respectively. Compressive strength and Young’s modulus of 5 wt% CNF-assisted hydrogels were also 63.3 and 31.6 kPa corresponding to 69% and 140% improvements compared with unreinforced one. The graft polymerization of acrylic acid monomer was controlled by monomer content and cross-linking percentage, in order to achieve the highest swelling capacity for hydrogels. Hydrogel swelling in water was 312 gwater/gabsorbent for unreinforced hydrogel and 523 gwater/gabsorbent for 5 wt% CNF-reinforced sample and water absorption kinetics results was in agreement with the pseudo-second-order model. The prepared CNF-reinforced starch-graft-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels can be used in a wide range of medical application due to the enhanced hydrophilicity, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility.Graphic abstract To prepare superabsorbent hydrogels, starch-graft-poly(acrylic acid) reinforced by cellulose nanofibers (CNF), was synthesized through free radical graft polymerization. The results of its biocompatibility tests exhibited that by increasing incubation time from 1 to 5 days, the numbers of living cells were increased on both reinforced and unreinforced hydrogels. However, the fraction of cells on the surfaces of the reinforced hydrogel is comparable to unreinforced samples. The swelling amounts in NaCl, CaCl 2 , and AlCl 3 solutions were 193 ± 9, 110 ± 8, and 99 ± 7 (g water /g absorbent ) for 5 wt% CNF-reinforced hydrogels and 109 ± 8, 62 ± 7, and 56 ± 6 (g water /g absorbent ) for unreinforced hydrogels, respectively. Compressive strength and Young’s modulus of 5 wt% CNF-assisted hydrogels were also 63.3 and 31.6 kPa corresponding to 69% and 140% improvements compared with unreinforced one. The graft polymerization of acrylic acid monomer was controlled by monomer content and cross-linking percentage, in order to achieve the highest swelling capacity for hydrogels. Hydrogel swelling in water was 312 g water /g absorbent for unreinforced hydrogel and 523 g water /g absorbent for 5 wt% CNF-reinforced sample and water absorption kinetics results was in agreement with the pseudo-second-order model. The prepared CNF-reinforced starch-graft-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels can be used in a wide range of medical application due to the enhanced hydrophilicity, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility. Graphic abstract |
Author | Behzad, Tayebeh Bahadoran Baghbadorani, Nooshin Etesami, Nasrin Karimi Darvanjooghi, Mohammad Hossein |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Nooshin surname: Bahadoran Baghbadorani fullname: Bahadoran Baghbadorani, Nooshin organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology – sequence: 2 givenname: Tayebeh surname: Behzad fullname: Behzad, Tayebeh email: tbehzad@cc.iut.ac.ir organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology – sequence: 3 givenname: Mohammad Hossein surname: Karimi Darvanjooghi fullname: Karimi Darvanjooghi, Mohammad Hossein organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology – sequence: 4 givenname: Nasrin surname: Etesami fullname: Etesami, Nasrin organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology |
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Keywords | Biocompatibility Starch-graft-poly(acrylic acid) Hydrogel Swelling Cellulose nanofibers |
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SubjectTerms | Acids Acrylics Aluminum chloride Biocompatibility Bioorganic Chemistry Calcium chloride Cellulose Ceramics Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science Composites Compressive strength Crosslinking Free radical polymerization Free radicals Glass Grafting Hydrogels Kinetics Modulus of elasticity Monomers Nanocomposites Nanofibers Natural Materials Organic Chemistry Original Research Physical Chemistry Polyacrylic acid Polymer Sciences Polymerization Sustainable Development Swelling Water absorption |
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Title | Modelling of water absorption kinetics and biocompatibility study of synthesized cellulose nanofiber-assisted starch-graft-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogel nanocomposites |
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