An operationally flexible fuel cell based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs

• Published in: Nature energy Vol. 1; no. 9; p. 16120
• Main Authors: Lee, Kwan-Soo, Spendelow, Jacob S., Choe, Yoong-Kee, Fujimoto, Cy, Kim, Yu Seung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 22.08.2016; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 639/301/1005/1007; 639/4077/893; 639/638/161/893; Ammonium; Automobile industry; Clean energy; Decay; Decay rate; Economics and Management; Energy; Energy Policy; Energy Storage; Energy Systems; Fuel cells; Fuel technology; High temperature; Ion pairs; Low temperature; Operating temperature; Phosphoric acid; Polybenzimidazoles; Product development; Proton exchange membrane fuel cells; Renewable and Green Energy; Temperature requirements; Water management

Fuel cells are promising devices for clean power generation in a variety of economically and environmentally significant applications. Low-temperature proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells utilizing Nafion require a high level of hydration, which limits the operating temperature to less than 100...