Dexamethasone-eluting cochlear implants reduce inflammation and foreign body response in human and murine cochleae

The inflammatory foreign body response (FBR) following cochlear implantation (CI) can negatively impact CI outcomes, including increased electrode impedances. This study aims to investigate the long-term efficacy of dexamethasone-eluting cochlear implant and locally delivered dexamethasone, a potent...

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Published inScientific reports Vol. 15; no. 1; pp. 30615 - 16
Main Authors Rahman, Muhammad Taifur, Mostaert, Brian J, Eckard, Peter, Fatima, Shakila Mahmuda, Scheperle, Rachel, Razu, Ibrahim, Hunger, Bryce, Olszewski, Rafal T., Gu, Shoujun, Garcia, Cristina L., Khan, Nashwaan Ali, Bennion, Douglas M, Oleson, Jacob, Kirk, Jonathon R., Enke, Ya Lang, Gay, Robert D., Morell, Robert J., Hirose, Keiko, Hoa, Michael, Claussen, Alexander D., Hansen, Marlan R.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 20.08.2025
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects
631/250/256
639/301/54/993
692/308/575
Acoustics
Animal models
Clinical medicine
Cochlea
Cochlear implants
CX3CR1 protein
Dexamethasone
Electrical impedance
Electrodes
Energy consumption
Foreign bodies
Hearing loss
Hearing protection
Humanities and Social Sciences
Impedance
Inflammation
Macrophages
Middle ear
multidisciplinary
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Silicones
Software
Transplants & implants
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI10.1038/s41598-025-10739-y

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Abstract The inflammatory foreign body response (FBR) following cochlear implantation (CI) can negatively impact CI outcomes, including increased electrode impedances. This study aims to investigate the long-term efficacy of dexamethasone-eluting cochlear implant and locally delivered dexamethasone, a potent anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid, on the intracochlear FBR and electrical impedance post-implantation in a murine model. Preliminary impedance data in humans are also provided as a complement to the murine data to illustrate generalizability and reinforce implications related to clinical application. The left ears of CX3CR1 +/GFP Thy1 +/YFP (macrophage-neuron dual reporter) mice were implanted with dexamethasone-eluting cochlear implants (Dex-CI) or standard implant (Standard-CI) while the right ear served as unoperated control. Another group of dual reporter mice was implanted with a standard CI electrode array followed by injection of dexamethasone in the middle ear to mimic current clinical practice (Dex-local). Mouse implants were electrically stimulated with serial measurements of electrical impedance. Human subjects were implanted with either standard or Dex-CI followed by serial impedance measurements. Dex-CI reduced electrical impedance in the murine model and human subjects and inflammatory FBR in the murine model for an extended period. Dex-local in the murine model is ineffective for long-term reduction of FBR and electrode impedance. Our data suggests that dexamethasone-eluting arrays are more effective than the current clinical practice of locally applied dexamethasone in reducing FBR and electrical impedance.
AbstractList The inflammatory foreign body response (FBR) following cochlear implantation (CI) can negatively impact CI outcomes, including increased electrode impedances. This study aims to investigate the long-term efficacy of dexamethasone-eluting cochlear implant and locally delivered dexamethasone, a potent anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid, on the intracochlear FBR and electrical impedance post-implantation in a murine model. Preliminary impedance data in humans are also provided as a complement to the murine data to illustrate generalizability and reinforce implications related to clinical application. The left ears of CX3CR1 +/GFP Thy1 +/YFP (macrophage-neuron dual reporter) mice were implanted with dexamethasone-eluting cochlear implants (Dex-CI) or standard implant (Standard-CI) while the right ear served as unoperated control. Another group of dual reporter mice was implanted with a standard CI electrode array followed by injection of dexamethasone in the middle ear to mimic current clinical practice (Dex-local). Mouse implants were electrically stimulated with serial measurements of electrical impedance. Human subjects were implanted with either standard or Dex-CI followed by serial impedance measurements. Dex-CI reduced electrical impedance in the murine model and human subjects and inflammatory FBR in the murine model for an extended period. Dex-local in the murine model is ineffective for long-term reduction of FBR and electrode impedance. Our data suggests that dexamethasone-eluting arrays are more effective than the current clinical practice of locally applied dexamethasone in reducing FBR and electrical impedance.
Abstract The inflammatory foreign body response (FBR) following cochlear implantation (CI) can negatively impact CI outcomes, including increased electrode impedances. This study aims to investigate the long-term efficacy of dexamethasone-eluting cochlear implant and locally delivered dexamethasone, a potent anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid, on the intracochlear FBR and electrical impedance post-implantation in a murine model. Preliminary impedance data in humans are also provided as a complement to the murine data to illustrate generalizability and reinforce implications related to clinical application. The left ears of CX3CR1+/GFP Thy1+/YFP (macrophage-neuron dual reporter) mice were implanted with dexamethasone-eluting cochlear implants (Dex-CI) or standard implant (Standard-CI) while the right ear served as unoperated control. Another group of dual reporter mice was implanted with a standard CI electrode array followed by injection of dexamethasone in the middle ear to mimic current clinical practice (Dex-local). Mouse implants were electrically stimulated with serial measurements of electrical impedance. Human subjects were implanted with either standard or Dex-CI followed by serial impedance measurements. Dex-CI reduced electrical impedance in the murine model and human subjects and inflammatory FBR in the murine model for an extended period. Dex-local in the murine model is ineffective for long-term reduction of FBR and electrode impedance. Our data suggests that dexamethasone-eluting arrays are more effective than the current clinical practice of locally applied dexamethasone in reducing FBR and electrical impedance.
The inflammatory foreign body response (FBR) following cochlear implantation (CI) can negatively impact CI outcomes, including increased electrode impedances. This study aims to investigate the long-term efficacy of dexamethasone-eluting cochlear implant and locally delivered dexamethasone, a potent anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid, on the intracochlear FBR and electrical impedance post-implantation in a murine model. Preliminary impedance data in humans are also provided as a complement to the murine data to illustrate generalizability and reinforce implications related to clinical application. The left ears of CX3CR1+/GFP Thy1+/YFP (macrophage-neuron dual reporter) mice were implanted with dexamethasone-eluting cochlear implants (Dex-CI) or standard implant (Standard-CI) while the right ear served as unoperated control. Another group of dual reporter mice was implanted with a standard CI electrode array followed by injection of dexamethasone in the middle ear to mimic current clinical practice (Dex-local). Mouse implants were electrically stimulated with serial measurements of electrical impedance. Human subjects were implanted with either standard or Dex-CI followed by serial impedance measurements. Dex-CI reduced electrical impedance in the murine model and human subjects and inflammatory FBR in the murine model for an extended period. Dex-local in the murine model is ineffective for long-term reduction of FBR and electrode impedance. Our data suggests that dexamethasone-eluting arrays are more effective than the current clinical practice of locally applied dexamethasone in reducing FBR and electrical impedance.
ArticleNumber 30615
Author Hunger, Bryce
Olszewski, Rafal T.
Kirk, Jonathon R.
Bennion, Douglas M
Mostaert, Brian J
Scheperle, Rachel
Gu, Shoujun
Khan, Nashwaan Ali
Morell, Robert J.
Claussen, Alexander D.
Rahman, Muhammad Taifur
Razu, Ibrahim
Eckard, Peter
Garcia, Cristina L.
Hoa, Michael
Oleson, Jacob
Gay, Robert D.
Hirose, Keiko
Enke, Ya Lang
Hansen, Marlan R.
Fatima, Shakila Mahmuda
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  fullname: Rahman, Muhammad Taifur
  organization: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Iowa
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  surname: Mostaert
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  organization: Cochlear Limited
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  givenname: Robert D.
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– sequence: 18
  givenname: Keiko
  surname: Hirose
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  givenname: Marlan R.
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  organization: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Iowa
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SSID ssj0000529419
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Snippet The inflammatory foreign body response (FBR) following cochlear implantation (CI) can negatively impact CI outcomes, including increased electrode impedances....
Abstract The inflammatory foreign body response (FBR) following cochlear implantation (CI) can negatively impact CI outcomes, including increased electrode...
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Acoustics
Animal models
Clinical medicine
Cochlea
Cochlear implants
CX3CR1 protein
Dexamethasone
Electrical impedance
Electrodes
Energy consumption
Foreign bodies
Hearing loss
Hearing protection
Humanities and Social Sciences
Impedance
Inflammation
Macrophages
Middle ear
multidisciplinary
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Silicones
Software
Transplants & implants
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Title Dexamethasone-eluting cochlear implants reduce inflammation and foreign body response in human and murine cochleae
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41598-025-10739-y
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3241448767
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC12368128
https://doaj.org/article/f43a9401609149bdbf3b90e79e63e362
Volume 15
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