Diaphragma juglandis extracts modifies the gut microbiota during prevention of type 2 diabetes in rats

• Published in: Journal of ethnopharmacology Vol. 283; p. 114484
• Main Authors: Zhang, Feng, Chen, Dan, Zhang, Liming, Zhao, Qingyujing, Ma, Yage, Zhang, Xi, Zhao, Shenglan, Chen, Chaoyin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ireland Elsevier B.V 30.01.2022
• Subjects: Animals; Blood Glucose - drug effects; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - prevention & control; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - prevention & control; Diaphragma juglandis; Diet, High-Fat; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects; Gut microbes; Hypoglycemic Agents - isolation & purification; Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology; Insulin - blood; Insulin Resistance; Juglans - chemistry; Male; Medicine, Persian; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Streptozocin; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Oxidative stress; Insulin resistance; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Diaphragma juglandis; Gut microbes
• ISSN: 0378-8741; 1872-7573
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114484

The diaphragma juglandis (DJ) comes from the wooden septum in the core of Juglans regia L, also known as the walnut septum. In Iranian traditional medicine, walnut distraction wood was widely used in the treatment of diabetes. However, there is a lack of research data on the mechanism of DJ against diabetes. Aim of the study: To explore the protective effect of diaphragma juglandis extract (DJE) on type 2 diabetic rats and the hypoglycemic mechanism of DJE. Supplemented DJE and fed a high-fat diet for five weeks, and then injected low-dose STZ, successfully induced type 2 diabetic rats. Collected rat serum, liver, pancreas and feces to determine the biochemical parameters of serum and liver, analyze the pathological damages of pancreas and liver, and measure the changes of gut microbes in feces. DJE could inhibit the metabolic abnormalities of T2DM by improving insulin resistance, abnormal lipid metabolism, liver damage, oxidative stress, and reducing inflammation. DJE significantly held fasting blood glucose, glycosylated serum protein, serum low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, oral glucose tolerance test, nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase and catalase, serum and liver triglycerides, total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, malondialdehyde, lipopolysaccharide, fasting insulin and tumor necrosis factor-α and prevented the pathological damage of pancreas and liver. The 16SrRNA gene sequencing results showed that DJE intercepted the disorders of the fecal gut microbes, mainly including Lactobacillaceae, Rikenella, Pygmaiobacter, Oscillospiraceae and Klebsiella. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the changes of gut microbes were closely relative with biochemical parameters. DJE might prevent type 2 diabetes and its complications and hold up the disorders of gut microbes. Early intervention of DJE could prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes, which could hold the biochemical indicators of T2DM rats and prohibit the pathological damage of liver and pancreas. During this period of prevention, DJE also could hold up the disorders of gut microbes in T2DM rats. [Display omitted]