Effect of initial conditions on a one-dimensional model of small-amplitude wave propagation in shallow water. II: Blowup for nonsmooth conditions

• Published in: International journal of numerical methods for heat & fluid flow Vol. 34; no. 3; pp. 1189 - 1226
• Main Authors: Ramos, J.I., García López, Carmen María
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bradford Emerald Publishing Limited 27.02.2024; Emerald Group Publishing Limited
• Subjects: Acoustics; Amplitude; Amplitudes; Attenuation; Coefficients; Conduction heating; Drift; Finite difference method; Heat transfer; Initial conditions; Mathematical models; Nerves; Nonlinear waves; Nonlinearity; Numerical analysis; One dimensional models; Propagation; Relaxation time; Shallow water; Smoothness; Viscoelasticity; Viscosity; Viscosity coefficient; Viscosity coefficients; Wave propagation; Width; Viscosity and viscous attenuation; Relaxation; Bidirectional wave equation; Implicit finite-difference method; One-dimensional; Gaussian; Triangular and rectagular initial conditions; Blowup
• ISSN: 0961-5539; 1758-6585; 0961-5539
• DOI: 10.1108/HFF-07-2023-0413

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze numerically the blowup in finite time of the solutions to a one-dimensional, bidirectional, nonlinear wave model equation for the propagation of small-amplitude waves in shallow water, as a function of the relaxation time, linear and nonlinear drift, power of the nonlinear advection flux, viscosity coefficient, viscous attenuation, and amplitude, smoothness and width of three types of initial conditions. Design/methodology/approach An implicit, first-order accurate in time, finite difference method valid for semipositive relaxation times has been used to solve the equation in a truncated domain for three different initial conditions, a first-order time derivative initially equal to zero and several constant wave speeds. Findings The numerical experiments show a very rapid transient from the initial conditions to the formation of a leading propagating wave, whose duration depends strongly on the shape, amplitude and width of the initial data as well as on the coefficients of the bidirectional equation. The blowup times for the triangular conditions have been found to be larger than those for the Gaussian ones, and the latter are larger than those for rectangular conditions, thus indicating that the blowup time decreases as the smoothness of the initial conditions decreases. The blowup time has also been found to decrease as the relaxation time, degree of nonlinearity, linear drift coefficient and amplitude of the initial conditions are increased, and as the width of the initial condition is decreased, but it increases as the viscosity coefficient is increased. No blowup has been observed for relaxation times smaller than one-hundredth, viscosity coefficients larger than ten-thousandths, quadratic and cubic nonlinearities, and initial Gaussian, triangular and rectangular conditions of unity amplitude. Originality/value The blowup of a one-dimensional, bidirectional equation that is a model for the propagation of waves in shallow water, longitudinal displacement in homogeneous viscoelastic bars, nerve conduction, nonlinear acoustics and heat transfer in very small devices and/or at very high transfer rates has been determined numerically as a function of the linear and nonlinear drift coefficients, power of the nonlinear drift, viscosity coefficient, viscous attenuation, and amplitude, smoothness and width of the initial conditions for nonzero relaxation times.