Acute and delayed response to resistance exercise leading or not leading to muscle failure

Summary This study compared the time course of recovery following two resistance exercise protocols differing in the number of repetitions per set with regard to the maximum possible (to failure) number. Ten men performed three sets of 6 versus 12 repetitions with their 70% 1RM (3 × 6 [12] versus 3 ...

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Published inClinical physiology and functional imaging Vol. 37; no. 6; pp. 630 - 639
Main Authors Pareja‐Blanco, Fernando, Rodríguez‐Rosell, David, Sánchez‐Medina, Luis, Ribas‐Serna, Juan, López‐López, Covadonga, Mora‐Custodio, Ricardo, Yáñez‐García, Juan Manuel, González‐Badillo, Juan José
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LanguageEnglish
Published England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.11.2017
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Abstract Summary This study compared the time course of recovery following two resistance exercise protocols differing in the number of repetitions per set with regard to the maximum possible (to failure) number. Ten men performed three sets of 6 versus 12 repetitions with their 70% 1RM (3 × 6 [12] versus 3 × 12 [12]) in the bench press (BP) and squat (SQ) exercises. Mechanical [CMJ height, velocity against the 1 m s−1 load (V1‐load)], biochemical [testosterone, cortisol, growth hormone, prolactin, insulin‐like growth factor‐1, creatine kinase (CK)] and heart rate variability (HRV) and complexity (HRC) were assessed pre‐, postexercise (Post) and at 6, 24 and 48 h‐Post. Compared with 3 × 6 [12], the 3 × 12 [12] protocol resulted in significantly: higher repetition velocity loss within each set (BP: 65% versus 26%; SQ: 44% versus 20%); reduced V1‐load until 24 h‐Post (BP) and 6 h‐Post (SQ); decreased CMJ height up to 48 h‐Post; greater increases in cortisol (Post), prolactin (Post, 48 h‐Post) and CK (48 h‐Post); and reductions in HRV and HRC at Post. This study shows that the mechanical, neuroendocrine and autonomic cardiovascular response is markedly different when manipulating the number of repetitions per set. Halving the number of repetitions in relation to the maximum number that can be completed serves to minimize fatigue and speed up recovery following resistance training.
AbstractList Summary This study compared the time course of recovery following two resistance exercise protocols differing in the number of repetitions per set with regard to the maximum possible (to failure) number. Ten men performed three sets of 6 versus 12 repetitions with their 70% 1RM (3 × 6 [12] versus 3 × 12 [12]) in the bench press (BP) and squat (SQ) exercises. Mechanical [CMJ height, velocity against the 1 m s-1 load (V1-load)], biochemical [testosterone, cortisol, growth hormone, prolactin, insulin-like growth factor-1, creatine kinase (CK)] and heart rate variability (HRV) and complexity (HRC) were assessed pre-, postexercise (Post) and at 6, 24 and 48 h-Post. Compared with 3 × 6 [12], the 3 × 12 [12] protocol resulted in significantly: higher repetition velocity loss within each set (BP: 65% versus 26%; SQ: 44% versus 20%); reduced V1-load until 24 h-Post (BP) and 6 h-Post (SQ); decreased CMJ height up to 48 h-Post; greater increases in cortisol (Post), prolactin (Post, 48 h-Post) and CK (48 h-Post); and reductions in HRV and HRC at Post. This study shows that the mechanical, neuroendocrine and autonomic cardiovascular response is markedly different when manipulating the number of repetitions per set. Halving the number of repetitions in relation to the maximum number that can be completed serves to minimize fatigue and speed up recovery following resistance training.
Summary This study compared the time course of recovery following two resistance exercise protocols differing in the number of repetitions per set with regard to the maximum possible (to failure) number. Ten men performed three sets of 6 versus 12 repetitions with their 70% 1RM (3 × 6 [12] versus 3 × 12 [12]) in the bench press (BP) and squat (SQ) exercises. Mechanical [CMJ height, velocity against the 1 m s−1 load (V1‐load)], biochemical [testosterone, cortisol, growth hormone, prolactin, insulin‐like growth factor‐1, creatine kinase (CK)] and heart rate variability (HRV) and complexity (HRC) were assessed pre‐, postexercise (Post) and at 6, 24 and 48 h‐Post. Compared with 3 × 6 [12], the 3 × 12 [12] protocol resulted in significantly: higher repetition velocity loss within each set (BP: 65% versus 26%; SQ: 44% versus 20%); reduced V1‐load until 24 h‐Post (BP) and 6 h‐Post (SQ); decreased CMJ height up to 48 h‐Post; greater increases in cortisol (Post), prolactin (Post, 48 h‐Post) and CK (48 h‐Post); and reductions in HRV and HRC at Post. This study shows that the mechanical, neuroendocrine and autonomic cardiovascular response is markedly different when manipulating the number of repetitions per set. Halving the number of repetitions in relation to the maximum number that can be completed serves to minimize fatigue and speed up recovery following resistance training.
This study compared the time course of recovery following two resistance exercise protocols differing in the number of repetitions per set with regard to the maximum possible (to failure) number. Ten men performed three sets of 6 versus 12 repetitions with their 70% 1RM (3 × 6 [12] versus 3 × 12 [12]) in the bench press (BP) and squat (SQ) exercises. Mechanical [CMJ height, velocity against the 1 m s load (V -load)], biochemical [testosterone, cortisol, growth hormone, prolactin, insulin-like growth factor-1, creatine kinase (CK)] and heart rate variability (HRV) and complexity (HRC) were assessed pre-, postexercise (Post) and at 6, 24 and 48 h-Post. Compared with 3 × 6 [12], the 3 × 12 [12] protocol resulted in significantly: higher repetition velocity loss within each set (BP: 65% versus 26%; SQ: 44% versus 20%); reduced V -load until 24 h-Post (BP) and 6 h-Post (SQ); decreased CMJ height up to 48 h-Post; greater increases in cortisol (Post), prolactin (Post, 48 h-Post) and CK (48 h-Post); and reductions in HRV and HRC at Post. This study shows that the mechanical, neuroendocrine and autonomic cardiovascular response is markedly different when manipulating the number of repetitions per set. Halving the number of repetitions in relation to the maximum number that can be completed serves to minimize fatigue and speed up recovery following resistance training.
This study compared the time course of recovery following two resistance exercise protocols differing in the number of repetitions per set with regard to the maximum possible (to failure) number. Ten men performed three sets of 6 versus 12 repetitions with their 70% 1 RM (3 × 6 [12] versus 3 × 12 [12]) in the bench press ( BP ) and squat ( SQ ) exercises. Mechanical [ CMJ height, velocity against the 1 m s −1 load ( V 1 ‐load)], biochemical [testosterone, cortisol, growth hormone, prolactin, insulin‐like growth factor‐1, creatine kinase ( CK )] and heart rate variability ( HRV ) and complexity ( HRC ) were assessed pre‐, postexercise (Post) and at 6, 24 and 48 h‐Post. Compared with 3 × 6 [12], the 3 × 12 [12] protocol resulted in significantly: higher repetition velocity loss within each set ( BP : 65% versus 26%; SQ : 44% versus 20%); reduced V 1 ‐load until 24 h‐Post ( BP ) and 6 h‐Post ( SQ ); decreased CMJ height up to 48 h‐Post; greater increases in cortisol (Post), prolactin (Post, 48 h‐Post) and CK (48 h‐Post); and reductions in HRV and HRC at Post. This study shows that the mechanical, neuroendocrine and autonomic cardiovascular response is markedly different when manipulating the number of repetitions per set. Halving the number of repetitions in relation to the maximum number that can be completed serves to minimize fatigue and speed up recovery following resistance training.
This study compared the time course of recovery following two resistance exercise protocols differing in the number of repetitions per set with regard to the maximum possible (to failure) number. Ten men performed three sets of 6 versus 12 repetitions with their 70% 1RM (3 × 6 [12] versus 3 × 12 [12]) in the bench press (BP) and squat (SQ) exercises. Mechanical [CMJ height, velocity against the 1 m s-1 load (V1 -load)], biochemical [testosterone, cortisol, growth hormone, prolactin, insulin-like growth factor-1, creatine kinase (CK)] and heart rate variability (HRV) and complexity (HRC) were assessed pre-, postexercise (Post) and at 6, 24 and 48 h-Post. Compared with 3 × 6 [12], the 3 × 12 [12] protocol resulted in significantly: higher repetition velocity loss within each set (BP: 65% versus 26%; SQ: 44% versus 20%); reduced V1 -load until 24 h-Post (BP) and 6 h-Post (SQ); decreased CMJ height up to 48 h-Post; greater increases in cortisol (Post), prolactin (Post, 48 h-Post) and CK (48 h-Post); and reductions in HRV and HRC at Post. This study shows that the mechanical, neuroendocrine and autonomic cardiovascular response is markedly different when manipulating the number of repetitions per set. Halving the number of repetitions in relation to the maximum number that can be completed serves to minimize fatigue and speed up recovery following resistance training.This study compared the time course of recovery following two resistance exercise protocols differing in the number of repetitions per set with regard to the maximum possible (to failure) number. Ten men performed three sets of 6 versus 12 repetitions with their 70% 1RM (3 × 6 [12] versus 3 × 12 [12]) in the bench press (BP) and squat (SQ) exercises. Mechanical [CMJ height, velocity against the 1 m s-1 load (V1 -load)], biochemical [testosterone, cortisol, growth hormone, prolactin, insulin-like growth factor-1, creatine kinase (CK)] and heart rate variability (HRV) and complexity (HRC) were assessed pre-, postexercise (Post) and at 6, 24 and 48 h-Post. Compared with 3 × 6 [12], the 3 × 12 [12] protocol resulted in significantly: higher repetition velocity loss within each set (BP: 65% versus 26%; SQ: 44% versus 20%); reduced V1 -load until 24 h-Post (BP) and 6 h-Post (SQ); decreased CMJ height up to 48 h-Post; greater increases in cortisol (Post), prolactin (Post, 48 h-Post) and CK (48 h-Post); and reductions in HRV and HRC at Post. This study shows that the mechanical, neuroendocrine and autonomic cardiovascular response is markedly different when manipulating the number of repetitions per set. Halving the number of repetitions in relation to the maximum number that can be completed serves to minimize fatigue and speed up recovery following resistance training.
Author López‐López, Covadonga
Pareja‐Blanco, Fernando
Ribas‐Serna, Juan
González‐Badillo, Juan José
Mora‐Custodio, Ricardo
Rodríguez‐Rosell, David
Yáñez‐García, Juan Manuel
Sánchez‐Medina, Luis
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  surname: Pareja‐Blanco
  fullname: Pareja‐Blanco, Fernando
  email: fparbla@gmail.com
  organization: Pablo de Olavide University
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  givenname: David
  surname: Rodríguez‐Rosell
  fullname: Rodríguez‐Rosell, David
  organization: Pablo de Olavide University
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  givenname: Luis
  surname: Sánchez‐Medina
  fullname: Sánchez‐Medina, Luis
  organization: Government of Navarre
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Juan
  surname: Ribas‐Serna
  fullname: Ribas‐Serna, Juan
  organization: University of Seville
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Covadonga
  surname: López‐López
  fullname: López‐López, Covadonga
  organization: Andalusian Center of Sports Medicine
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  givenname: Ricardo
  surname: Mora‐Custodio
  fullname: Mora‐Custodio, Ricardo
  organization: Pablo de Olavide University
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  givenname: Juan Manuel
  surname: Yáñez‐García
  fullname: Yáñez‐García, Juan Manuel
  organization: Pablo de Olavide University
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Juan José
  surname: González‐Badillo
  fullname: González‐Badillo, Juan José
  organization: Pablo de Olavide University
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26970332$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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2016 Scandinavian Society of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Copyright © 2017 Scandinavian Society of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine
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Keywords strength training
velocity-based resistance training
heart rate complexity
heart rate variability
neuromuscular fatigue
hormonal response
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2016 Scandinavian Society of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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PublicationTitle Clinical physiology and functional imaging
PublicationTitleAlternate Clin Physiol Funct Imaging
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Publisher Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
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2008; 38
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2014; 28
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1995; 5
2010; 42
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1990; 69
2007; 293
2013; 13
1981; 213
2002; 89
2008; 29
2013; 31
1993; 74
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2011; 41
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2015
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2005; 93
2011; 25
2005; 37
2012; 7
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2006; 100
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1994; 76
1996; 67
2014; 32
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Snippet Summary This study compared the time course of recovery following two resistance exercise protocols differing in the number of repetitions per set with regard...
This study compared the time course of recovery following two resistance exercise protocols differing in the number of repetitions per set with regard to the...
Summary This study compared the time course of recovery following two resistance exercise protocols differing in the number of repetitions per set with regard...
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SubjectTerms Adult
Autonomic nervous system
Biomarkers - blood
Cortisol
Creatine
Creatine kinase
Delayed response
Fatigue
Fatigue failure
Growth hormones
Heart Rate
heart rate complexity
heart rate variability
hormonal response
Humans
Insulin
Insulin-like growth factor I
Male
Muscle Contraction
Muscle Fatigue
Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism
Muscle, Skeletal - physiology
neuromuscular fatigue
Physical training
Prolactin
Recovery
Recovery of Function
Resistance training
Resistance Training - methods
Strength training
Testosterone
Time Factors
Velocity
velocity‐based resistance training
Young Adult
Title Acute and delayed response to resistance exercise leading or not leading to muscle failure
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fcpf.12348
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26970332
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1954908186
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1826663094
Volume 37
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