Changing hepatitis D virus epidemiology in a hepatitis B virus endemic area with a national vaccination program
The emergence of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection in the era of widespread HBV vaccination has not been described before. We aimed to investigate the changing epidemiology of HDV infection among high‐ and low‐risk populations after an outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among i...
Saved in:
| Published in | Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) Vol. 61; no. 6; pp. 1870 - 1879 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc
01.06.2015
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | The emergence of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection in the era of widespread HBV vaccination has not been described before. We aimed to investigate the changing epidemiology of HDV infection among high‐ and low‐risk populations after an outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among injection drug users (IDUs) in Taiwan. A prospective, multicenter, cohort study of 2,562 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)‐positive individuals was conducted to determine the prevalence, genotype, and risk factors of HDV infection from 2001 through 2012. The prevalence rates of HDV infection were 74.9%, 43.9%, 11.4%, 11.1%, and 4.4% among HIV‐infected IDUs, HIV‐uninfected IDUs, HIV‐infected men who have sex with men, HIV‐infected heterosexuals, and the general population of HBsAg‐positive subjects, respectively. A significant increase in the trend of HDV prevalence from 38.5% to 89.8% was observed in HIV‐infected IDUs (odds ratio = 3.06; 95% confidence interval: 1.68‐5.56; P = 0.0002). In multivariate analysis, injection drug use, hepatitis C virus infection, HIV infection, serum HBsAg level ≧250 IU/mL, duration of drug use, and older age were significant factors associated with HDV infection. HDV genotype IV (72.2%) was the prevalent genotype circulating among IDUs, whereas genotype II was predominant in the non‐IDU populations (73.3%). In the HIV cohort born after 1987 who were HBsAg negative, over half (52.9%) had antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen antibody levels of <10 mIU/mL and there was a significantly higher HBsAg seroprevalence in the HIV cohort, compared to the control group (8.1% vs. 0.0%; P = 0.02). Conclusion: In the era of HBV vaccination, IDUs and HIV‐infected individuals have emerged as high‐risk groups and a reservoir for HDV infection. Effective strategies are needed to curb the reemerging epidemic of HDV infection in these high‐risk groups. (Hepatology 2015;61:1870–1879) |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The emergence of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection in the era of widespread HBV vaccination has not been described before. We aimed to investigate the changing epidemiology of HDV infection among high- and low-risk populations after an outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among injection drug users (IDUs) in Taiwan. A prospective, multicenter, cohort study of 2,562 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive individuals was conducted to determine the prevalence, genotype, and risk factors of HDV infection from 2001 through 2012. The prevalence rates of HDV infection were 74.9%, 43.9%, 11.4%, 11.1%, and 4.4% among HIV-infected IDUs, HIV-uninfected IDUs, HIV-infected men who have sex with men, HIV-infected heterosexuals, and the general population of HBsAg-positive subjects, respectively. A significant increase in the trend of HDV prevalence from 38.5% to 89.8% was observed in HIV-infected IDUs (odds ratio = 3.06; 95% confidence interval: 1.68-5.56; P = 0.0002). In multivariate analysis, injection drug use, hepatitis C virus infection, HIV infection, serum HBsAg level ≧250 IU/mL, duration of drug use, and older age were significant factors associated with HDV infection. HDV genotype IV (72.2%) was the prevalent genotype circulating among IDUs, whereas genotype II was predominant in the non-IDU populations (73.3%). In the HIV cohort born after 1987 who were HBsAg negative, over half (52.9%) had antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen antibody levels of <10 mIU/mL and there was a significantly higher HBsAg seroprevalence in the HIV cohort, compared to the control group (8.1% vs. 0.0%; P = 0.02).UNLABELLEDThe emergence of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection in the era of widespread HBV vaccination has not been described before. We aimed to investigate the changing epidemiology of HDV infection among high- and low-risk populations after an outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among injection drug users (IDUs) in Taiwan. A prospective, multicenter, cohort study of 2,562 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive individuals was conducted to determine the prevalence, genotype, and risk factors of HDV infection from 2001 through 2012. The prevalence rates of HDV infection were 74.9%, 43.9%, 11.4%, 11.1%, and 4.4% among HIV-infected IDUs, HIV-uninfected IDUs, HIV-infected men who have sex with men, HIV-infected heterosexuals, and the general population of HBsAg-positive subjects, respectively. A significant increase in the trend of HDV prevalence from 38.5% to 89.8% was observed in HIV-infected IDUs (odds ratio = 3.06; 95% confidence interval: 1.68-5.56; P = 0.0002). In multivariate analysis, injection drug use, hepatitis C virus infection, HIV infection, serum HBsAg level ≧250 IU/mL, duration of drug use, and older age were significant factors associated with HDV infection. HDV genotype IV (72.2%) was the prevalent genotype circulating among IDUs, whereas genotype II was predominant in the non-IDU populations (73.3%). In the HIV cohort born after 1987 who were HBsAg negative, over half (52.9%) had antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen antibody levels of <10 mIU/mL and there was a significantly higher HBsAg seroprevalence in the HIV cohort, compared to the control group (8.1% vs. 0.0%; P = 0.02).In the era of HBV vaccination, IDUs and HIV-infected individuals have emerged as high-risk groups and a reservoir for HDV infection. Effective strategies are needed to curb the reemerging epidemic of HDV infection in these high-risk groups.CONCLUSIONIn the era of HBV vaccination, IDUs and HIV-infected individuals have emerged as high-risk groups and a reservoir for HDV infection. Effective strategies are needed to curb the reemerging epidemic of HDV infection in these high-risk groups. The emergence of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection in the era of widespread HBV vaccination has not been described before. We aimed to investigate the changing epidemiology of HDV infection among high‐ and low‐risk populations after an outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among injection drug users (IDUs) in Taiwan. A prospective, multicenter, cohort study of 2,562 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)‐positive individuals was conducted to determine the prevalence, genotype, and risk factors of HDV infection from 2001 through 2012. The prevalence rates of HDV infection were 74.9%, 43.9%, 11.4%, 11.1%, and 4.4% among HIV‐infected IDUs, HIV‐uninfected IDUs, HIV‐infected men who have sex with men, HIV‐infected heterosexuals, and the general population of HBsAg‐positive subjects, respectively. A significant increase in the trend of HDV prevalence from 38.5% to 89.8% was observed in HIV‐infected IDUs (odds ratio = 3.06; 95% confidence interval: 1.68‐5.56; P = 0.0002). In multivariate analysis, injection drug use, hepatitis C virus infection, HIV infection, serum HBsAg level ≧250 IU/mL, duration of drug use, and older age were significant factors associated with HDV infection. HDV genotype IV (72.2%) was the prevalent genotype circulating among IDUs, whereas genotype II was predominant in the non‐IDU populations (73.3%). In the HIV cohort born after 1987 who were HBsAg negative, over half (52.9%) had antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen antibody levels of <10 mIU/mL and there was a significantly higher HBsAg seroprevalence in the HIV cohort, compared to the control group (8.1% vs. 0.0%; P = 0.02). Conclusion: In the era of HBV vaccination, IDUs and HIV‐infected individuals have emerged as high‐risk groups and a reservoir for HDV infection. Effective strategies are needed to curb the reemerging epidemic of HDV infection in these high‐risk groups. (Hepatology 2015;61:1870–1879) The emergence of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection in the era of widespread HBV vaccination has not been described before. We aimed to investigate the changing epidemiology of HDV infection among high- and low-risk populations after an outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among injection drug users (IDUs) in Taiwan. A prospective, multicenter, cohort study of 2,562 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive individuals was conducted to determine the prevalence, genotype, and risk factors of HDV infection from 2001 through 2012. The prevalence rates of HDV infection were 74.9%, 43.9%, 11.4%, 11.1%, and 4.4% among HIV-infected IDUs, HIV-uninfected IDUs, HIV-infected men who have sex with men, HIV-infected heterosexuals, and the general population of HBsAg-positive subjects, respectively. A significant increase in the trend of HDV prevalence from 38.5% to 89.8% was observed in HIV-infected IDUs (odds ratio = 3.06; 95% confidence interval: 1.68-5.56; P = 0.0002). In multivariate analysis, injection drug use, hepatitis C virus infection, HIV infection, serum HBsAg level ≧250 IU/mL, duration of drug use, and older age were significant factors associated with HDV infection. HDV genotype IV (72.2%) was the prevalent genotype circulating among IDUs, whereas genotype II was predominant in the non-IDU populations (73.3%). In the HIV cohort born after 1987 who were HBsAg negative, over half (52.9%) had antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen antibody levels of <10 mIU/mL and there was a significantly higher HBsAg seroprevalence in the HIV cohort, compared to the control group (8.1% vs. 0.0%; P = 0.02). In the era of HBV vaccination, IDUs and HIV-infected individuals have emerged as high-risk groups and a reservoir for HDV infection. Effective strategies are needed to curb the reemerging epidemic of HDV infection in these high-risk groups. The emergence of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection in the era of widespread HBV vaccination has not been described before. We aimed to investigate the changing epidemiology of HDV infection among high- and low-risk populations after an outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among injection drug users (IDUs) in Taiwan. A prospective, multicenter, cohort study of 2,562 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive individuals was conducted to determine the prevalence, genotype, and risk factors of HDV infection from 2001 through 2012. The prevalence rates of HDV infection were 74.9%, 43.9%, 11.4%, 11.1%, and 4.4% among HIV-infected IDUs, HIV-uninfected IDUs, HIV-infected men who have sex with men, HIV-infected heterosexuals, and the general population of HBsAg-positive subjects, respectively. A significant increase in the trend of HDV prevalence from 38.5% to 89.8% was observed in HIV-infected IDUs (odds ratio=3.06; 95% confidence interval: 1.68-5.56; P=0.0002). In multivariate analysis, injection drug use, hepatitis C virus infection, HIV infection, serum HBsAg level 250 IU/mL, duration of drug use, and older age were significant factors associated with HDV infection. HDV genotype IV (72.2%) was the prevalent genotype circulating among IDUs, whereas genotype II was predominant in the non-IDU populations (73.3%). In the HIV cohort born after 1987 who were HBsAg negative, over half (52.9%) had antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen antibody levels of <10 mIU/mL and there was a significantly higher HBsAg seroprevalence in the HIV cohort, compared to the control group (8.1% vs. 0.0%; P=0.02). Conclusion: In the era of HBV vaccination, IDUs and HIV-infected individuals have emerged as high-risk groups and a reservoir for HDV infection. Effective strategies are needed to curb the reemerging epidemic of HDV infection in these high-risk groups. (Hepatology 2015;61:1870-1879) The emergence of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection in the era of widespread HBV vaccination has not been described before. We aimed to investigate the changing epidemiology of HDV infection among high‐ and low‐risk populations after an outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among injection drug users (IDUs) in Taiwan. A prospective, multicenter, cohort study of 2,562 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)‐positive individuals was conducted to determine the prevalence, genotype, and risk factors of HDV infection from 2001 through 2012. The prevalence rates of HDV infection were 74.9%, 43.9%, 11.4%, 11.1%, and 4.4% among HIV‐infected IDUs, HIV‐uninfected IDUs, HIV‐infected men who have sex with men, HIV‐infected heterosexuals, and the general population of HBsAg‐positive subjects, respectively. A significant increase in the trend of HDV prevalence from 38.5% to 89.8% was observed in HIV‐infected IDUs (odds ratio = 3.06; 95% confidence interval: 1.68‐5.56; P = 0.0002). In multivariate analysis, injection drug use, hepatitis C virus infection, HIV infection, serum HBsAg level ≧250 IU/mL, duration of drug use, and older age were significant factors associated with HDV infection. HDV genotype IV (72.2%) was the prevalent genotype circulating among IDUs, whereas genotype II was predominant in the non‐IDU populations (73.3%). In the HIV cohort born after 1987 who were HBsAg negative, over half (52.9%) had antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen antibody levels of <10 mIU/mL and there was a significantly higher HBsAg seroprevalence in the HIV cohort, compared to the control group (8.1% vs. 0.0%; P = 0.02). Conclusion : In the era of HBV vaccination, IDUs and HIV‐infected individuals have emerged as high‐risk groups and a reservoir for HDV infection. Effective strategies are needed to curb the reemerging epidemic of HDV infection in these high‐risk groups. (H epatology 2015;61:1870–1879) |
| Author | Chen, Yaw‐Sen Lin, Jiun‐Nong Lai, Chung‐Hsu Chang, Ting‐Tsung Su, Chien‐Wei Hu, Bor‐Shen Lee, Susan Shin‐Jung Lin, Hsi‐Hsun Huang, Chun‐Kai Wu, Jaw‐Ching Yu, Ming‐Lung |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Hsi‐Hsun surname: Lin fullname: Lin, Hsi‐Hsun organization: E‐Da Hospital/I‐Shou University – sequence: 2 givenname: Susan Shin‐Jung surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Susan Shin‐Jung organization: Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital – sequence: 3 givenname: Ming‐Lung surname: Yu fullname: Yu, Ming‐Lung organization: Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University – sequence: 4 givenname: Ting‐Tsung surname: Chang fullname: Chang, Ting‐Tsung organization: Medical College of National Cheng Kung University – sequence: 5 givenname: Chien‐Wei surname: Su fullname: Su, Chien‐Wei organization: Taipei Veterans General Hospital – sequence: 6 givenname: Bor‐Shen surname: Hu fullname: Hu, Bor‐Shen organization: Taipei City Hospital, Taipei City Government – sequence: 7 givenname: Yaw‐Sen surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Yaw‐Sen organization: E‐Da Hospital/I‐Shou University – sequence: 8 givenname: Chun‐Kai surname: Huang fullname: Huang, Chun‐Kai organization: E‐Da Hospital/I‐Shou University – sequence: 9 givenname: Chung‐Hsu surname: Lai fullname: Lai, Chung‐Hsu organization: E‐Da Hospital/I‐Shou University – sequence: 10 givenname: Jiun‐Nong surname: Lin fullname: Lin, Jiun‐Nong organization: E‐Da Hospital/I‐Shou University – sequence: 11 givenname: Jaw‐Ching surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Jaw‐Ching organization: Taipei Veterans General Hospital |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25677884$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNp10ctO4zAUBmALgYbCzIIXQJbYwCLUlyZ2llBuI1ViFjNr68RxWqPELnYC6tvj3iSEGG8sS9_5bZ9zgg6ddwahM0quKSFsvDDLaybEhB2gEc2ZyDjPySEaESZIVlJeHqOTGF8IIeWEyR_omOWFEFJORshPF-Dm1s1xCoHe9jbiO_xmwxCxWdradNa3fr7C1mH4ZG73xq2JxhAM4HfbL5JyyXgHLX4Dre32hJfBzwN0P9FRA200v3b7Kfr3cP93-pTNnh9_T29mmeY5Z5k2IERTS0lyQRsOwCSTdSVlo6UuJroiBQheyVwUQOuKNSDrWghuSCEbwiQ_RZfb3HTv62BirzobtWlbcMYPUdEiBaaVs0QvvtAXP4T0_o2iJRNluVbnOzVUnanVMtgOwkrtW5nAeAt08DEG0yht-83f-wC2VZSo9bBU6qHaDCtVXH2p2Id-Z3fp77Y1q_9D9XT_Z1vxAQB4o40 |
| CODEN | HPTLD9 |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1111_liv_15519 crossref_primary_10_1097_HEP_0000000000000331 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11901_024_00643_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_gtc_2020_01_004 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jfma_2020_10_002 crossref_primary_10_1136_gutjnl_2018_316601 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jfma_2023_01_003 crossref_primary_10_3390_pathogens10101227 crossref_primary_10_3390_v16060992 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jfma_2017_09_007 crossref_primary_10_1136_gutjnl_2019_320027 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11904_020_00508_z crossref_primary_10_1093_gastro_goz023 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines4010006 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cgh_2023_04_022 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jtbi_2017_04_007 crossref_primary_10_3748_wjg_v27_i24_3530 crossref_primary_10_1111_jgh_15061 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_87975_5 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40261_016_0409_8 crossref_primary_10_1097_QAD_0000000000001424 crossref_primary_10_1097_MEG_0000000000000795 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jhep_2023_10_043 crossref_primary_10_1111_jvh_13620 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_vaccine_2016_11_041 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_diagmicrobio_2018_05_016 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13690_021_00693_2 crossref_primary_10_1111_jvh_13065 crossref_primary_10_1093_cid_ciae655 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11894_018_0666_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cld_2020_04_008 crossref_primary_10_1016_S2468_1253_20_30303_4 crossref_primary_10_1097_QCO_0000000000000321 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_87679_w crossref_primary_10_1097_JCMA_0000000000001073 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_018_26446_w crossref_primary_10_1002_hep_28957 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmii_2021_03_014 crossref_primary_10_3280_mis63_64_2023oa17586 crossref_primary_10_1111_jvh_13512 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12985_020_01355_5 crossref_primary_10_3390_v16060817 crossref_primary_10_1097_QAI_0000000000002589 crossref_primary_10_3280_mis56_2020oa12975 crossref_primary_10_5812_hepatmon_102268 crossref_primary_10_5897_AJMR2017_8729 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jhep_2021_01_014 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12879_020_05275_1 crossref_primary_10_1002_aid2_13308 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmed_2022_1069372 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12029_021_00714_x crossref_primary_10_1155_2018_9312650 crossref_primary_10_1016_S2214_109X_17_30298_X crossref_primary_10_1038_s41575_023_00760_9 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijid_2023_12_014 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0175304 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_kjms_2016_08_004 crossref_primary_10_1111_jgh_13460 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jhepr_2023_100893 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12879_018_3008_x |
| Cites_doi | 10.1073/pnas.77.10.6124 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.01.035 10.1099/0022-1317-79-5-1105 10.1128/JCM.37.1.235-237.1999 10.1016/j.jmii.2013.08.001 10.1128/JVI.00130-12 10.1046/j.1365-2893.2003.00428.x 10.1086/655808 10.1007/s00535-012-0668-y 10.1086/587992 10.1111/j.1440-1746.1998.tb00546.x 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2009.01144.x 10.1002/jmv.21481 10.2105/AJPH.86.5.655 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.01.052 10.1128/JCM.01154-10 10.1128/JVI.02155-07 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2012.05224.x 10.1177/2325957413488166 10.1002/jmv.1890310203 10.1128/JCM.40.8.3047-3049.2002 10.1016/S0140-6736(95)91558-3 10.1002/jmv.23524 10.1097/01.qai.0000214818.80539.da 10.1128/jvi.65.3.1099-1104.1991 10.1111/j.1440-1746.1997.tb00364.x 10.1002/jmv.1097 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2009.02140.x 10.3748/wjg.v16.i5.554 10.1016/j.jhep.2012.05.021 10.1002/jmv.10361 10.1002/jmv.10554 10.1111/jvh.12228 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61931-9 10.1111/jgh.12217 10.1055/s-0032-1323626 10.1099/0022-1317-75-5-1053 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2015 by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases 2015 by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2015 by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases – notice: 2015 by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7T5 7TM 7TO 7U9 H94 K9. 7X8 |
| DOI | 10.1002/hep.27742 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed Immunology Abstracts Nucleic Acids Abstracts Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts Virology and AIDS Abstracts AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Immunology Abstracts Virology and AIDS Abstracts Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts Nucleic Acids Abstracts MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic MEDLINE AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts CrossRef |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: EIF name: MEDLINE url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search sourceTypes: Index Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine |
| EISSN | 1527-3350 |
| EndPage | 1879 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 3689293691 25677884 10_1002_hep_27742 HEP27742 |
| Genre | article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Multicenter Study Journal Article |
| GeographicLocations | Taiwan |
| GeographicLocations_xml | – name: Taiwan |
| GroupedDBID | --- --K .3N .55 .GA .GJ .Y3 05W 0R~ 10A 186 1B1 1CY 1L6 1OB 1OC 1ZS 1~5 24P 31~ 33P 3O- 3SF 3WU 4.4 4G. 4ZD 50Y 50Z 51W 51X 52M 52N 52O 52P 52R 52S 52T 52U 52V 52W 52X 53G 5GY 5RE 5VS 7-5 702 7PT 8-0 8-1 8-3 8-4 8-5 8UM 930 A01 A03 AAEDT AAESR AAEVG AAHHS AALRI AANHP AAONW AAQFI AAQQT AAQXK AASGY AAXRX AAXUO AAZKR ABCQN ABCUV ABEML ABIJN ABLJU ABMAC ABOCM ABPVW ABWVN ABXGK ACAHQ ACBWZ ACCFJ ACCZN ACGFS ACLDA ACMXC ACPOU ACPRK ACRPL ACSCC ACXBN ACXQS ACYXJ ADBBV ADEOM ADIZJ ADKYN ADMGS ADMUD ADNMO ADOZA ADXAS ADZMN ADZOD AECAP AEEZP AEIMD AENEX AEQDE AEUQT AFBPY AFFNX AFGKR AFPWT AFUWQ AFZJQ AHMBA AIACR AIURR AIWBW AJAOE AJBDE ALAGY ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALUQN AMBMR AMYDB ASPBG ATUGU AVWKF AZBYB AZFZN AZVAB BAFTC BAWUL BDRZF BHBCM BMXJE BROTX BRXPI BY8 C45 CAG COF CS3 D-6 D-7 D-E D-F DCZOG DIK DPXWK DR2 DRFUL DRMAN DRSTM DU5 E3Z EBS EJD F00 F01 F04 F5P FD8 FDB FEDTE FGOYB FUBAC G-S G.N GNP GODZA H.X HBH HF~ HHY HHZ HVGLF HZ~ IHE IX1 J0M J5H JPC KBYEO KQQ LATKE LC2 LC3 LEEKS LH4 LITHE LOXES LP6 LP7 LUTES LW6 LYRES M41 M65 MJL MK4 MRFUL MRMAN MRSTM MSFUL MSMAN MSSTM MXFUL MXMAN MXSTM N04 N05 N4W N9A NF~ NNB NQ- O66 O9- OIG OK1 OVD P2P P2W P2X P2Z P4B P4D PALCI PQQKQ Q.N Q11 QB0 QRW R.K R2- RGB RIG RIWAO RJQFR ROL RPZ RWI RX1 RYL SEW SSZ SUPJJ TEORI UB1 V2E V9Y W2D W8V W99 WBKPD WH7 WHWMO WIB WIH WIJ WIK WIN WJL WOHZO WQJ WRC WUP WVDHM WXI X7M XG1 XV2 ZGI ZXP ZZTAW ~IA ~WT AAYXX ABJNI ACZKN AFNMH AGQPQ AHQVU CITATION MEWTI WXSBR AAMMB AEFGJ AGXDD AIDQK AIDYY CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7T5 7TM 7TO 7U9 ADSXY H94 K9. 7X8 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c3532-cea77fd880571f3aa2828db88fc8c64cb06a73b8576a1db2fa8dd773e068f0283 |
| IEDL.DBID | DR2 |
| ISSN | 0270-9139 1527-3350 |
| IngestDate | Thu Jul 10 21:07:18 EDT 2025 Wed Aug 13 10:39:19 EDT 2025 Mon Jul 21 05:27:49 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 22:56:56 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 03:33:41 EDT 2025 Wed Jan 22 16:15:26 EST 2025 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 6 |
| Language | English |
| License | 2015 by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c3532-cea77fd880571f3aa2828db88fc8c64cb06a73b8576a1db2fa8dd773e068f0283 |
| Notes | This study was supported by grants from Taipei Veterans General Hospital (V101C‐087, V102C‐127, and V103C‐026), partially by a grant (103AC‐T402; Aim for the Top University Plan) from the National Yang‐Ming University, Ministry of Education, and E‐Da Hospital (EDAHP97001, EDAHP98001, and EDAHI102002). Both hospitals were not involved in any part of the data collection, analysis, and manuscript writing. Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. These authors made an equal contribution. ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 |
| PMID | 25677884 |
| PQID | 1681927992 |
| PQPubID | 996352 |
| PageCount | 11 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_1682888852 proquest_journals_1681927992 pubmed_primary_25677884 crossref_citationtrail_10_1002_hep_27742 crossref_primary_10_1002_hep_27742 wiley_primary_10_1002_hep_27742_HEP27742 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | June 2015 2015-06-00 2015-Jun 20150601 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2015-06-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 06 year: 2015 text: June 2015 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationPlace | United States |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: United States – name: Hoboken |
| PublicationTitle | Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Hepatology |
| PublicationYear | 2015 |
| Publisher | Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc |
| References | 2011; 378 1990; 31 2010; 16 2013; 48 2013; 28 1995; 90 2009; 81 2000; 355 2010; 202 2013; 85 2006; 130 2012; 36 2012; 57 2009; 136 2012; 32 2003; 10 2001; 65 2015; 48 2004; 72 2006; 42 2003; 70 1991; 65 2002; 40 1980; 77 2015; 22 1999; 37 1997; 12 2008; 46 2014; 13 1995; 346 2011; 49 2008; 82 2009; 16 2010; 30 2012; 86 1996; 86 1998; 13 1994; 75 1998; 79 (hep27742-bib-0012-20241017) 2011; 49 (hep27742-bib-0021-20241017) 2003; 10 (hep27742-bib-0037-20241017) 1995; 346 (hep27742-bib-0034-20241017) 1994; 75 (hep27742-bib-0013-20241017) 2015; 48 (hep27742-bib-0015-20241017) 2003; 70 (hep27742-bib-0032-20241017) 2014; 13 (hep27742-bib-0029-20241017) 2013; 28 (hep27742-bib-0006-20241017) 1995; 90 (hep27742-bib-0035-20241017) 1998; 79 (hep27742-bib-0010-20241017) 2002; 40 (hep27742-bib-0004-20241017) 2011; 378 (hep27742-bib-0018-20241017) 2006; 42 (hep27742-bib-0025-20241017) 1999; 37 (hep27742-bib-0019-20241017) 2012; 36 (hep27742-bib-0016-20241017) 1990; 31 (hep27742-bib-0026-20241017) 2010; 202 (hep27742-bib-0014-20241017) 2009; 81 (hep27742-bib-0001-20241017) 1980; 77 (hep27742-bib-0002-20241017) 1991; 65 (hep27742-bib-0007-20241017) 1997; 12 (hep27742-bib-0022-20241017) 2012; 86 (hep27742-bib-0028-20241017) 2009; 16 (hep27742-bib-0023-20241017) 2008; 82 (hep27742-bib-0027-20241017) 1996; 86 (hep27742-bib-0039-20241017) 2010; 30 (hep27742-bib-0011-20241017) 2010; 16 (hep27742-bib-0031-20241017) 2013; 85 (hep27742-bib-0020-20241017) 1998; 13 (hep27742-bib-0009-20241017) 2004; 72 (hep27742-bib-0003-20241017) 2009; 136 (hep27742-bib-0030-20241017) 2001; 65 (hep27742-bib-0008-20241017) 2012; 57 (hep27742-bib-0017-20241017) 2008; 46 (hep27742-bib-0033-20241017) 2000; 355 (hep27742-bib-0036-20241017) 2006; 130 (hep27742-bib-0038-20241017) 2013; 48 (hep27742-bib-0005-20241017) 2012; 32 (hep27742-bib-0024-20241017) 2015; 22 |
| References_xml | – volume: 202 start-page: 845 year: 2010 end-page: 852 article-title: Prevalence, correlates, and viral dynamics of hepatitis delta among injection drug users publication-title: J Infect Dis – volume: 355 start-page: 561 year: 2000 end-page: 565 article-title: Are booster immunisations needed for lifelong hepatitis B immunity? publication-title: European Consensus Group on Hepatitis B Immunity. Lancet – volume: 130 start-page: 1625 year: 2006 end-page: 1635 article-title: Genotypes and viremia of hepatitis B and D viruses are associated with outcomes of chronic hepatitis D patients publication-title: Gastroenterology – volume: 346 start-page: 939 year: 1995 end-page: 941 article-title: Genotyping of hepatitis D virus by restriction‐fragment length polymorphism and relation to outcome of hepatitis D publication-title: Lancet – volume: 82 start-page: 2250 year: 2008 end-page: 2264 article-title: Hepatitis B surface antigen levels and sequences of natural hepatitis B virus variants influence the assembly and secretion of hepatitis d virus publication-title: J Virol – volume: 40 start-page: 3047 year: 2002 end-page: 3049 article-title: Hepatitis D virus genotypes in intravenous drug users in Taiwan: decreasing prevalence and lack of correlation with hepatitis B virus genotypes publication-title: J Clin Microbiol – volume: 86 start-page: 9044 year: 2012 end-page: 9054 article-title: Hepatitis D virus isolates with low replication and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition‐inducing activity are associated with disease remission publication-title: J Virol – volume: 49 start-page: 1083 year: 2011 end-page: 1089 article-title: Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis D virus infection among injecting drug users with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection in Taiwan publication-title: J Clin Microbiol – volume: 57 start-page: 730 year: 2012 end-page: 735 article-title: Minimization of HBV infection by a 25‐year universal vaccination program publication-title: J Hepatol – volume: 42 start-page: 248 year: 2006 end-page: 255 article-title: An epidemic of HIV type I CRF07_BC infection among injection drug users in Taiwan publication-title: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr – volume: 90 start-page: 1981 year: 1995 end-page: 1984 article-title: Epidemiology of hepatitis D virus infection: changes in the last 14 years publication-title: Am J Gastroenterol – volume: 65 start-page: 1099 year: 1991 end-page: 1104 article-title: Production of hepatitis delta virus and suppression of helper hepatitis B virus in a human hepatoma cell line publication-title: J Virol – volume: 37 start-page: 235 year: 1999 end-page: 237 article-title: Viral superinfection in previously unrecognized chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus with superimposed acute fulminant versus nonfulminant hepatitis publication-title: J Clin Microbiol – volume: 72 start-page: 41 year: 2004 end-page: 45 article-title: Changing seroepidemiology of hepatitis B, C, and D virus infections in high‐risk populations publication-title: J Med Virol – volume: 48 start-page: 20 year: 2015 end-page: 27 article-title: Higher rate of hepatitis events in patients with human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B, and hepatitis D genotype II infection: a cohort study in a medical center in southern Taiwan publication-title: J Microbiol Immunol Infect – volume: 36 start-page: 560 year: 2012 end-page: 568 article-title: Updated thresholds for serum alanine aminotransferase level in a large‐scale population study composed of 34,346 subjects publication-title: Aliment Pharmacol Ther – volume: 136 start-page: 1629 year: 2009 end-page: 1638 article-title: A 28‐year study of the course of hepatitis delta infection: a risk factor for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma publication-title: Gastroenterology – volume: 79 start-page: 1105 year: 1998 end-page: 1113 article-title: Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of a novel hepatitis D virus strain discovered by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis publication-title: J Gen Virol – volume: 10 start-page: 277 year: 2003 end-page: 284 article-title: Analysis of clinical, biochemical and viral factors associated with early relapse after lamivudine treatment for hepatitis B e antigen‐negative chronic hepatitis B patients in Taiwan publication-title: J Viral Hepat – volume: 13 start-page: 85 year: 2014 end-page: 90 article-title: High prevalence of hepatitis delta virus among patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and HIV‐1 in an intermediate hepatitis B virus endemic region publication-title: J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care – volume: 13 start-page: 57 year: 1998 end-page: 61 article-title: Diagnostic value of anti‐hepatitis D virus (HDV) antibodies revisited: a study of total and IgM anti‐HDV compared with detection of HDV‐RNA by polymerase chain reaction publication-title: J Gastroenterol Hepatol – volume: 86 start-page: 655 year: 1996 end-page: 661 article-title: Viral infections in short‐term injection drug users: the prevalence of the hepatitis C, hepatitis B, human immunodeficiency, and human T‐lymphotropic viruses publication-title: Am J Public Health – volume: 46 start-page: 1761 year: 2008 end-page: 1768 article-title: Extremely high prevalence and genetic diversity of hepatitis C virus infection among HIV‐infected injection drug users in Taiwan publication-title: Clin Infect Dis – volume: 65 start-page: 30 year: 2001 end-page: 34 article-title: Persistent hyperendemicity of hepatitis C virus infection in Taiwan: the important role of iatrogenic risk factors publication-title: J Med Virol – volume: 16 start-page: 883 year: 2009 end-page: 894 article-title: Virological and clinical characteristics of delta hepatitis in Central Europe publication-title: J Viral Hepat – volume: 32 start-page: 211 year: 2012 end-page: 219 article-title: Epidemiology of hepatitis D publication-title: Semin Liver Dis – volume: 48 start-page: 13 year: 2013 end-page: 21 article-title: Clinical utility of quantitative HBsAg in natural history and nucleos(t)ide analogue treatment of chronic hepatitis B: new trick of old dog publication-title: J Gastroenterol – volume: 31 start-page: 76 year: 1990 end-page: 81 article-title: Hepatitis D virus infection among intravenous drug abusers in Taiwan: analysis of risk factors and liver function tests publication-title: J Med Virol – volume: 22 start-page: 55 year: 2015 end-page: 63 article-title: Identification of a natural intergenotypic recombinant hepatitis delta virus genotype 1 and 2 in Vietnamese HBsAg‐positive patients publication-title: J Viral Hepat – volume: 81 start-page: 973 year: 2009 end-page: 978 article-title: Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus and its association with hepatitis B, C, and D virus infections among incarcerated male substance abusers in Taiwan publication-title: J Med Virol – volume: 30 start-page: 430 year: 2010 end-page: 437 article-title: Quantitative HBsAg and HDV‐RNA levels in chronic delta hepatitis publication-title: Liver Int – volume: 77 start-page: 6124 year: 1980 end-page: 6128 article-title: delta agent: association of delta antigen with hepatitis B surface antigen and RNA in serum of delta‐infected chimpanzees publication-title: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A – volume: 16 start-page: 554 year: 2010 end-page: 562 article-title: Hepatitis D: scenario in the Asia‐Pacific region publication-title: World J Gastroenterol – volume: 70 start-page: 74 year: 2003 end-page: 80 article-title: Molecular epidemiological and clinical aspects of hepatitis D virus in a unique triple hepatitis viruses (B, C, D) endemic community in Taiwan publication-title: J Med Virol – volume: 378 start-page: 73 year: 2011 end-page: 85 article-title: Hepatitis delta virus publication-title: Lancet – volume: 75 start-page: 1053 year: 1994 end-page: 1061 article-title: Identification of genotypes of hepatitis C virus by sequence comparisons in the core, E1 and NS‐5 regions publication-title: J Gen Virol – volume: 28 start-page: 1521 year: 2013 end-page: 1525 article-title: Coinfection with hepatitis B and D: epidemiology, prevalence and disease in patients in Northern California publication-title: J Gastroenterol Hepatol – volume: 85 start-page: 769 year: 2013 end-page: 774 article-title: Epidemiology of hepatitis D in patients infected with hepatitis B virus in bucharest: a cross‐sectional study publication-title: J Med Virol – volume: 12 start-page: 747 year: 1997 end-page: 751 article-title: Decreasing hepatitis D virus infection in Taiwan: an analysis of contributory factors publication-title: J Gastroenterol Hepatol – volume: 77 start-page: 6124 year: 1980 ident: hep27742-bib-0001-20241017 article-title: delta agent: association of delta antigen with hepatitis B surface antigen and RNA in serum of delta‐infected chimpanzees publication-title: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.10.6124 – volume: 130 start-page: 1625 year: 2006 ident: hep27742-bib-0036-20241017 article-title: Genotypes and viremia of hepatitis B and D viruses are associated with outcomes of chronic hepatitis D patients publication-title: Gastroenterology doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.01.035 – volume: 79 start-page: 1105 year: 1998 ident: hep27742-bib-0035-20241017 article-title: Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of a novel hepatitis D virus strain discovered by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis publication-title: J Gen Virol doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-79-5-1105 – volume: 37 start-page: 235 year: 1999 ident: hep27742-bib-0025-20241017 article-title: Viral superinfection in previously unrecognized chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus with superimposed acute fulminant versus nonfulminant hepatitis publication-title: J Clin Microbiol doi: 10.1128/JCM.37.1.235-237.1999 – volume: 48 start-page: 20 year: 2015 ident: hep27742-bib-0013-20241017 article-title: Higher rate of hepatitis events in patients with human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B, and hepatitis D genotype II infection: a cohort study in a medical center in southern Taiwan publication-title: J Microbiol Immunol Infect doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2013.08.001 – volume: 86 start-page: 9044 year: 2012 ident: hep27742-bib-0022-20241017 article-title: Hepatitis D virus isolates with low replication and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition‐inducing activity are associated with disease remission publication-title: J Virol doi: 10.1128/JVI.00130-12 – volume: 10 start-page: 277 year: 2003 ident: hep27742-bib-0021-20241017 article-title: Analysis of clinical, biochemical and viral factors associated with early relapse after lamivudine treatment for hepatitis B e antigen‐negative chronic hepatitis B patients in Taiwan publication-title: J Viral Hepat doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2893.2003.00428.x – volume: 202 start-page: 845 year: 2010 ident: hep27742-bib-0026-20241017 article-title: Prevalence, correlates, and viral dynamics of hepatitis delta among injection drug users publication-title: J Infect Dis doi: 10.1086/655808 – volume: 48 start-page: 13 year: 2013 ident: hep27742-bib-0038-20241017 article-title: Clinical utility of quantitative HBsAg in natural history and nucleos(t)ide analogue treatment of chronic hepatitis B: new trick of old dog publication-title: J Gastroenterol doi: 10.1007/s00535-012-0668-y – volume: 46 start-page: 1761 year: 2008 ident: hep27742-bib-0017-20241017 article-title: Extremely high prevalence and genetic diversity of hepatitis C virus infection among HIV‐infected injection drug users in Taiwan publication-title: Clin Infect Dis doi: 10.1086/587992 – volume: 90 start-page: 1981 year: 1995 ident: hep27742-bib-0006-20241017 article-title: Epidemiology of hepatitis D virus infection: changes in the last 14 years publication-title: Am J Gastroenterol – volume: 13 start-page: 57 year: 1998 ident: hep27742-bib-0020-20241017 article-title: Diagnostic value of anti‐hepatitis D virus (HDV) antibodies revisited: a study of total and IgM anti‐HDV compared with detection of HDV‐RNA by polymerase chain reaction publication-title: J Gastroenterol Hepatol doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.1998.tb00546.x – volume: 16 start-page: 883 year: 2009 ident: hep27742-bib-0028-20241017 article-title: Virological and clinical characteristics of delta hepatitis in Central Europe publication-title: J Viral Hepat doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2009.01144.x – volume: 81 start-page: 973 year: 2009 ident: hep27742-bib-0014-20241017 article-title: Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus and its association with hepatitis B, C, and D virus infections among incarcerated male substance abusers in Taiwan publication-title: J Med Virol doi: 10.1002/jmv.21481 – volume: 86 start-page: 655 year: 1996 ident: hep27742-bib-0027-20241017 article-title: Viral infections in short‐term injection drug users: the prevalence of the hepatitis C, hepatitis B, human immunodeficiency, and human T‐lymphotropic viruses publication-title: Am J Public Health doi: 10.2105/AJPH.86.5.655 – volume: 136 start-page: 1629 year: 2009 ident: hep27742-bib-0003-20241017 article-title: A 28‐year study of the course of hepatitis delta infection: a risk factor for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma publication-title: Gastroenterology doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.01.052 – volume: 49 start-page: 1083 year: 2011 ident: hep27742-bib-0012-20241017 article-title: Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis D virus infection among injecting drug users with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection in Taiwan publication-title: J Clin Microbiol doi: 10.1128/JCM.01154-10 – volume: 82 start-page: 2250 year: 2008 ident: hep27742-bib-0023-20241017 article-title: Hepatitis B surface antigen levels and sequences of natural hepatitis B virus variants influence the assembly and secretion of hepatitis d virus publication-title: J Virol doi: 10.1128/JVI.02155-07 – volume: 355 start-page: 561 year: 2000 ident: hep27742-bib-0033-20241017 article-title: Are booster immunisations needed for lifelong hepatitis B immunity? publication-title: European Consensus Group on Hepatitis B Immunity. Lancet – volume: 36 start-page: 560 year: 2012 ident: hep27742-bib-0019-20241017 article-title: Updated thresholds for serum alanine aminotransferase level in a large‐scale population study composed of 34,346 subjects publication-title: Aliment Pharmacol Ther doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2012.05224.x – volume: 13 start-page: 85 year: 2014 ident: hep27742-bib-0032-20241017 article-title: High prevalence of hepatitis delta virus among patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and HIV‐1 in an intermediate hepatitis B virus endemic region publication-title: J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care doi: 10.1177/2325957413488166 – volume: 31 start-page: 76 year: 1990 ident: hep27742-bib-0016-20241017 article-title: Hepatitis D virus infection among intravenous drug abusers in Taiwan: analysis of risk factors and liver function tests publication-title: J Med Virol doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890310203 – volume: 40 start-page: 3047 year: 2002 ident: hep27742-bib-0010-20241017 article-title: Hepatitis D virus genotypes in intravenous drug users in Taiwan: decreasing prevalence and lack of correlation with hepatitis B virus genotypes publication-title: J Clin Microbiol doi: 10.1128/JCM.40.8.3047-3049.2002 – volume: 346 start-page: 939 year: 1995 ident: hep27742-bib-0037-20241017 article-title: Genotyping of hepatitis D virus by restriction‐fragment length polymorphism and relation to outcome of hepatitis D publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(95)91558-3 – volume: 85 start-page: 769 year: 2013 ident: hep27742-bib-0031-20241017 article-title: Epidemiology of hepatitis D in patients infected with hepatitis B virus in bucharest: a cross‐sectional study publication-title: J Med Virol doi: 10.1002/jmv.23524 – volume: 42 start-page: 248 year: 2006 ident: hep27742-bib-0018-20241017 article-title: An epidemic of HIV type I CRF07_BC infection among injection drug users in Taiwan publication-title: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr doi: 10.1097/01.qai.0000214818.80539.da – volume: 65 start-page: 1099 year: 1991 ident: hep27742-bib-0002-20241017 article-title: Production of hepatitis delta virus and suppression of helper hepatitis B virus in a human hepatoma cell line publication-title: J Virol doi: 10.1128/jvi.65.3.1099-1104.1991 – volume: 12 start-page: 747 year: 1997 ident: hep27742-bib-0007-20241017 article-title: Decreasing hepatitis D virus infection in Taiwan: an analysis of contributory factors publication-title: J Gastroenterol Hepatol doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.1997.tb00364.x – volume: 65 start-page: 30 year: 2001 ident: hep27742-bib-0030-20241017 article-title: Persistent hyperendemicity of hepatitis C virus infection in Taiwan: the important role of iatrogenic risk factors publication-title: J Med Virol doi: 10.1002/jmv.1097 – volume: 30 start-page: 430 year: 2010 ident: hep27742-bib-0039-20241017 article-title: Quantitative HBsAg and HDV‐RNA levels in chronic delta hepatitis publication-title: Liver Int doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2009.02140.x – volume: 16 start-page: 554 year: 2010 ident: hep27742-bib-0011-20241017 article-title: Hepatitis D: scenario in the Asia‐Pacific region publication-title: World J Gastroenterol doi: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i5.554 – volume: 57 start-page: 730 year: 2012 ident: hep27742-bib-0008-20241017 article-title: Minimization of HBV infection by a 25‐year universal vaccination program publication-title: J Hepatol doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2012.05.021 – volume: 70 start-page: 74 year: 2003 ident: hep27742-bib-0015-20241017 article-title: Molecular epidemiological and clinical aspects of hepatitis D virus in a unique triple hepatitis viruses (B, C, D) endemic community in Taiwan publication-title: J Med Virol doi: 10.1002/jmv.10361 – volume: 72 start-page: 41 year: 2004 ident: hep27742-bib-0009-20241017 article-title: Changing seroepidemiology of hepatitis B, C, and D virus infections in high‐risk populations publication-title: J Med Virol doi: 10.1002/jmv.10554 – volume: 22 start-page: 55 year: 2015 ident: hep27742-bib-0024-20241017 article-title: Identification of a natural intergenotypic recombinant hepatitis delta virus genotype 1 and 2 in Vietnamese HBsAg‐positive patients publication-title: J Viral Hepat doi: 10.1111/jvh.12228 – volume: 378 start-page: 73 year: 2011 ident: hep27742-bib-0004-20241017 article-title: Hepatitis delta virus publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61931-9 – volume: 28 start-page: 1521 year: 2013 ident: hep27742-bib-0029-20241017 article-title: Coinfection with hepatitis B and D: epidemiology, prevalence and disease in patients in Northern California publication-title: J Gastroenterol Hepatol doi: 10.1111/jgh.12217 – volume: 32 start-page: 211 year: 2012 ident: hep27742-bib-0005-20241017 article-title: Epidemiology of hepatitis D publication-title: Semin Liver Dis doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1323626 – volume: 75 start-page: 1053 year: 1994 ident: hep27742-bib-0034-20241017 article-title: Identification of genotypes of hepatitis C virus by sequence comparisons in the core, E1 and NS‐5 regions publication-title: J Gen Virol doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-75-5-1053 |
| SSID | ssj0009428 |
| Score | 2.425952 |
| Snippet | The emergence of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection in the era of widespread HBV vaccination has not been described before. We aimed to investigate the changing... |
| SourceID | proquest pubmed crossref wiley |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher |
| StartPage | 1870 |
| SubjectTerms | Adult Aged Antigens Coinfection Confidence intervals Drug use Drug Users - statistics & numerical data Endemic Diseases - prevention & control Epidemiology Female Genotype & phenotype Hepatitis Hepatitis B Hepatitis B - epidemiology Hepatitis B - prevention & control Hepatitis B Vaccines Hepatitis D - epidemiology Hepatitis delta virus Hepatitis Delta Virus - genetics Hepatology HIV HIV Infections - virology Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Incidence Infections Longitudinal Studies Male Mass Vaccination Middle Aged Multivariate Analysis Prevalence Prospective Studies Risk Factors Taiwan - epidemiology Viremia - epidemiology |
| Title | Changing hepatitis D virus epidemiology in a hepatitis B virus endemic area with a national vaccination program |
| URI | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Fhep.27742 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25677884 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1681927992 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1682888852 |
| Volume | 61 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1LSyQxEA6DB_Hi-lpXHSXKHvbSY3fS6aTx5JNBUBZR8CA0ebLDSo84M4L-eivpx_gEsU_dpEKSTlXyVVL5gtBvqpPEgvJExLAcHBSmIsnBa3VO05SmMnXGL-ifnWf9q_T0ml130F5zFqbih2gX3LxlhPHaG7hUo90paeg_e9cjAF78-OtjtTwguphSR-VpuFcVvK7Y7y7nDatQTHbbnK_noncA8zVeDRPOyQ9001S1ijP535uMVU8_vWFx_GZbFtB8DUTxfqU5i6hjyyU0e1ZvtS-jYTh3ABMbhmxepwYjfIQfBveTEbbTa2Uf8aDE8oXMQSNThrh7LAGVYr_aC1LNyiN-kBpKCV-4jhBbQVcnx5eH_ai-nSHSlFESaSs5dwbsn_HEUSm982aUEE4LnaVaxZnkVAlwaGRiFHFSGMM5tXEmnEc1P9FMOSztL4RjaShxxibMk_Fbq2DQi4llihtJweVaQ3-afip0TV3ub9C4LSrSZVJAK4vwA9fQTit6V_F1fCTUbTq7qE12VCSZ54bjeQ7J220yGJvfQZGlHU6CDBHwMJBZrZSkLQWwI-dCpFDZ0NWfF1_0j_-Gl_Wvi26gOYBqrApS66KZ8f3EbgIcGqutoPfP1zMFyw |
| linkProvider | Wiley-Blackwell |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1bSxwxFA5iwfalVduq9dIofejLrDPJZJIBX7yyXlZKUfClDLni0jIre4P213uSuaxaC8V5miEnJJnkJN85Sb6D0Beqk8TC4ImIYTkYKExFkoPV6pymKU1l6ox36Pcus-51enbDbubQXnMXpuKHaB1uXjPCfO0V3Dukd2esobf2rkMAvcAE_MpH9A4G1fcZeVSehsiqYHfFfn85b3iFYrLbZn28Gv0FMR8j1rDknLxDP5rKVidNfnYmY9XRf57wOL60NYvobY1F8X41eJbQnC2X0UKv3m1_jwbh6gGsbRiy-WHVH-EjPO0PJyNsZ5Flf-N-ieUDmYNGpgxH77EEYIq9wxekGucjnkoNpYQvXB8S-4CuT46vDrtRHaAh0pRREmkrOXcGpgDGE0el9PabUUI4LXSWahVnklMlwKaRiVHESWEM59TGmXAe2HxE8-WgtKsIx9JQ4oxNmOfjt1bBvBcTyxQ3koLVtYa-Nh1V6Jq93AfR-FVUvMukgFYW4QeuoZ1W9K6i7HhOaKPp7aLW2lGRZJ4ejuc5JG-3yaBvfhNFlnYwCTJEwMNAZqUaJW0pAB85FyKFyoa-_nfxRff4W3j59P-in9Hr7lXvorg4vTxfR28AubHqzNoGmh8PJ3YT0NFYbQUluAclZgnm |
| linkToPdf | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1baxQxFA5lhdKXqm1tV6tNxYe-zHYmmUwy-KRul9VeKKWFfRCGXHFRZpe9FPTXe5K5rLUtiPM0Q05IMjkn-c5J8gWhd1QniQXliYhhOTgoTEWSg9fqnKYpTWXqjA_on19kw5v0y4iN1tD75ixMxQ_RBty8ZYTx2hv41LjjFWnoNzvtEQAvMP4-SbNYeJXuX624o_I0XKwKblfsl5fzhlYoJsdt1ruT0T2EeRewhhln8BR9bepabTT53lsuVE__-ovG8T8b8wxt1kgUf6hU5zlas-UWWj-v19q30SQcPICZDUM2r1TjOe7j2_FsOcd2da_sTzwusfxD5mMjU4aN91gCLMU-3AtSTegR30oNpYQvXG8R20E3g5PrT8Oovp4h0pRREmkrOXcGBgDGE0el9N6bUUI4LXSWahVnklMlwKORiVHESWEM59TGmXAe1rxAnXJS2j2EY2koccYmzLPxW6tg1IuJZYobScHn6qKjpp8KXXOX-ys0fhQV6zIpoJVF-IFd9LYVnVaEHQ8J7TedXdQ2Oy-SzJPD8TyH5MM2GazNL6HI0k6WQYYIeBjI7FZK0pYC4JFzIVKobOjqx4svhieX4eXlv4seoPXL_qA4-3xx-gptAGxj1Ya1fdRZzJb2NUCjhXoTTOA3ILQIng |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Changing+hepatitis+D+virus+epidemiology+in+a+hepatitis+B+virus+endemic+area+with+a+national+vaccination+program&rft.jtitle=Hepatology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.%29&rft.au=Lin%2C+Hsi%E2%80%90Hsun&rft.au=Lee%2C+Susan+Shin%E2%80%90Jung&rft.au=Yu%2C+Ming%E2%80%90Lung&rft.au=Chang%2C+Ting%E2%80%90Tsung&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.issn=0270-9139&rft.eissn=1527-3350&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1870&rft.epage=1879&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fhep.27742&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1002_hep_27742 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0270-9139&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0270-9139&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0270-9139&client=summon |