Phlorotannins from brown algae: a review on their antioxidant mechanisms and applications in oxidative stress-mediated diseases

Phlorotannins are polyphenolic compounds that are exclusively derived from marine brown algae. The molecular structure of phlorotannins with numerous phenol rings endows them with excellent radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. Oxidative stress plays a central role in the pathogenesis of ma...

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Published inJournal of applied phycology Vol. 35; no. 2; pp. 867 - 892
Main Authors Phang, Shou Jin, Teh, Huey Xhin, Looi, Mee Lee, Arumugam, Bavani, Fauzi, Mh Busra, Kuppusamy, Umah Rani
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.04.2023
Springer Nature B.V
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ISSN0921-8971
1573-5176
DOI10.1007/s10811-023-02913-4

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Abstract Phlorotannins are polyphenolic compounds that are exclusively derived from marine brown algae. The molecular structure of phlorotannins with numerous phenol rings endows them with excellent radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. Oxidative stress plays a central role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, hepatic diseases, skin diseases, diabetes and retinal diseases. Therefore, phlorotannins have been explored as potential antioxidant compounds to counteract the oxidative damage induced during disease development. The antioxidant mechanisms of phlorotannins are not only limited to the direct scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) but also via the inhibition of ROS production and the activation of antioxidant defence mechanisms. In this review, we highlight the antioxidant properties and mechanisms of action of phlorotannins in the context of several oxidative stress-mediated diseases using evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies. Despite the promising antioxidant potential of phlorotannins, their translational applications are hindered by the poor bioavailability and biostability. Hence, the encapsulation of phlorotannins into various drug carriers like nanoparticles and nanofibres has been greatly explored. Taken together, these findings propose phlorotannins as potential therapeutics in the advancement of current treatment available for different oxidative stress-mediated diseases.
AbstractList Phlorotannins are polyphenolic compounds that are exclusively derived from marine brown algae. The molecular structure of phlorotannins with numerous phenol rings endows them with excellent radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. Oxidative stress plays a central role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, hepatic diseases, skin diseases, diabetes and retinal diseases. Therefore, phlorotannins have been explored as potential antioxidant compounds to counteract the oxidative damage induced during disease development. The antioxidant mechanisms of phlorotannins are not only limited to the direct scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) but also via the inhibition of ROS production and the activation of antioxidant defence mechanisms. In this review, we highlight the antioxidant properties and mechanisms of action of phlorotannins in the context of several oxidative stress-mediated diseases using evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies. Despite the promising antioxidant potential of phlorotannins, their translational applications are hindered by the poor bioavailability and biostability. Hence, the encapsulation of phlorotannins into various drug carriers like nanoparticles and nanofibres has been greatly explored. Taken together, these findings propose phlorotannins as potential therapeutics in the advancement of current treatment available for different oxidative stress-mediated diseases.
Author Phang, Shou Jin
Arumugam, Bavani
Fauzi, Mh Busra
Teh, Huey Xhin
Looi, Mee Lee
Kuppusamy, Umah Rani
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  givenname: Umah Rani
  orcidid: 0000-0001-8900-7476
  surname: Kuppusamy
  fullname: Kuppusamy, Umah Rani
  email: umah@um.edu.my
  organization: Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya
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Keywords Oxidative stress
Liver diseases
Neurodegenerative diseases
Anti-oxidant
Skin diseases
Diabetes
Antioxidant
Retinal diseases
Phlorotannins
Phaeophyceae
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Snippet Phlorotannins are polyphenolic compounds that are exclusively derived from marine brown algae. The molecular structure of phlorotannins with numerous phenol...
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SubjectTerms Algae
antioxidant activity
Antioxidant properties
Antioxidants
Bioavailability
Biocompatibility
Biomedical and Life Sciences
chemical structure
Defence mechanisms
diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Diseases
Drug carriers
Drug delivery
drugs
Ecology
Encapsulation
Freshwater & Marine Ecology
In vivo methods and tests
Life Sciences
Liver diseases
Molecular structure
Nanofibers
Nanoparticles
Neurodegenerative diseases
Oxidation
Oxidative stress
Pathogenesis
Phaeophyceae
phenol
Phenols
phlorotannins
Plant Physiology
Plant Sciences
Polyphenols
Reactive oxygen species
Scavenging
Skin diseases
therapeutics
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Title Phlorotannins from brown algae: a review on their antioxidant mechanisms and applications in oxidative stress-mediated diseases
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