Free fatty acid inhibition of the insulin induction of glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase in rat hepatocyte monolayers
Rat hepatocytes in monolayer culture were utilized to determine if the decrease in glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity resulting from the ingestion of fat can be mimicked by the addition of fatty acids to a chemically, hormonally defined medium. G6PD activity in cultured hepatocytes wa...
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Published in | Lipids Vol. 23; no. 1; pp. 36 - 41 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Berlin/Heidelberg
Springer‐Verlag
01.01.1988
Springer |
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Abstract | Rat hepatocytes in monolayer culture were utilized to determine if the decrease in glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity resulting from the ingestion of fat can be mimicked by the addition of fatty acids to a chemically, hormonally defined medium. G6PD activity in cultured hepatocytes was induced several‐fold by insulin. Dexamethasone or T3 did not amplify the insulin induction of G6PD. Glucose alone increased G6PD activity in cultured hepatocytes from fasted donors by nearly 500%. Insulin in combination with glucose induced G6PD an additional two‐fold. The increase in G6PD activity caused by glucose was greater in hepatocytes isolated from 72 hr‐fasted rats as compared to fed donor rats. Such a response was reminiscent of the “overshoot” phenomenon in which G6PD activity is induced well above the normal level by fasting‐refeeding rats a high glucose diet. Addition of linoleate to the medium resulted in a significant suppression of insulin’s ability to induce G6PD, but linoleate had no effect on the induction of G6PD activity by glucose alone. A shift to the right in the insulin‐response curve for the induction of G6PD also was detected for the induction of malic enzyme and acetyl‐CoA carboxylase. Arachidonate (0.25 mM) was a significantly more effective inhibitor of the insulin action than linoleate was. Apparently rat hepatocytes in monolayer culture can be utilized as a model to investigate the molecular mechanism by which fatty acids inhibit the production of lipogenic enzymes. In part, this mechanism of fatty acid inhibition involves desensitization of hepatocytes to the lipogenic action of insulin. |
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AbstractList | Abstract
Rat hepatocytes in monolayer culture were utilized to determine if the decrease in glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity resulting from the ingestion of fat can be mimicked by the addition of fatty acids to a chemically, hormonally defined medium. G6PD activity in cultured hepatocytes was induced several‐fold by insulin. Dexamethasone or T3 did not amplify the insulin induction of G6PD. Glucose alone increased G6PD activity in cultured hepatocytes from fasted donors by nearly 500%. Insulin in combination with glucose induced G6PD an additional two‐fold. The increase in G6PD activity caused by glucose was greater in hepatocytes isolated from 72 hr‐fasted rats as compared to fed donor rats. Such a response was reminiscent of the “overshoot” phenomenon in which G6PD activity is induced well above the normal level by fasting‐refeeding rats a high glucose diet. Addition of linoleate to the medium resulted in a significant suppression of insulin’s ability to induce G6PD, but linoleate had no effect on the induction of G6PD activity by glucose alone. A shift to the right in the insulin‐response curve for the induction of G6PD also was detected for the induction of malic enzyme and acetyl‐CoA carboxylase. Arachidonate (0.25 mM) was a significantly more effective inhibitor of the insulin action than linoleate was. Apparently rat hepatocytes in monolayer culture can be utilized as a model to investigate the molecular mechanism by which fatty acids inhibit the production of lipogenic enzymes. In part, this mechanism of fatty acid inhibition involves desensitization of hepatocytes to the lipogenic action of insulin. Rat hepatocytes in monolayer culture were utilized to determine if the decrease in glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity resulting from the ingestion of fat can be mimicked by the addition of fatty acids to a chemically, hormonally defined medium. G6PD activity in cultured hepatocytes was induced several‐fold by insulin. Dexamethasone or T3 did not amplify the insulin induction of G6PD. Glucose alone increased G6PD activity in cultured hepatocytes from fasted donors by nearly 500%. Insulin in combination with glucose induced G6PD an additional two‐fold. The increase in G6PD activity caused by glucose was greater in hepatocytes isolated from 72 hr‐fasted rats as compared to fed donor rats. Such a response was reminiscent of the “overshoot” phenomenon in which G6PD activity is induced well above the normal level by fasting‐refeeding rats a high glucose diet. Addition of linoleate to the medium resulted in a significant suppression of insulin’s ability to induce G6PD, but linoleate had no effect on the induction of G6PD activity by glucose alone. A shift to the right in the insulin‐response curve for the induction of G6PD also was detected for the induction of malic enzyme and acetyl‐CoA carboxylase. Arachidonate (0.25 mM) was a significantly more effective inhibitor of the insulin action than linoleate was. Apparently rat hepatocytes in monolayer culture can be utilized as a model to investigate the molecular mechanism by which fatty acids inhibit the production of lipogenic enzymes. In part, this mechanism of fatty acid inhibition involves desensitization of hepatocytes to the lipogenic action of insulin. |
Author | Clarke, Steven D. Adkins‐Finke, Bonnie Salati, Lisa M. |
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Keywords | Cell culture Protein hormone Vertebrata Mammalia Hepatocyte Rat Enzyme Liver Rodentia Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Free fatty acid |
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Snippet | Rat hepatocytes in monolayer culture were utilized to determine if the decrease in glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity resulting from the... Rat hepatocytes in monolayer culture were utilized to determine if the decrease in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity resulting from the... Abstract Rat hepatocytes in monolayer culture were utilized to determine if the decrease in glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity resulting from... |
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SubjectTerms | Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase - biosynthesis Animals Arachidonic Acid Arachidonic Acids - pharmacology Biological and medical sciences Cells, Cultured Dexamethasone - pharmacology Enzyme Induction Fasting Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Glucose - pharmacology Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase - biosynthesis Insulin - pharmacology Kinetics Linoleic Acid Linoleic Acids - pharmacology Liver - drug effects Liver - enzymology Liver. Bile. Biliary tracts Malate Dehydrogenase - biosynthesis Rats Rats, Inbred Strains Reference Values Vertebrates: digestive system |
Title | Free fatty acid inhibition of the insulin induction of glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase in rat hepatocyte monolayers |
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