Biological control and integrated pest management in organic and conventional systems

• Published in: Biological control Vol. 140; p. 104095
• Main Authors: Baker, Brian P., Green, Thomas A., Loker, Ali J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Inc 01.01.2020
• Subjects: Biological control; Biopesticides; crop yield; education; human health; Integrated pest management; issues and policy; markets; Organic agriculture; Organic and IPM working group; organic production; pest resistance; pests; pheromones; plant protection; private sector; sustainable agriculture; Biopesticides; Organic agriculture; Integrated pest management; Biological control; Organic and IPM working group
• ISSN: 1049-9644; 1090-2112
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2019.104095

•Biological control is a key component of organic farming systems and IPM.•Organic agriculture incorporates IPM techniques.•While there are differences, both approaches seek to reduce pesticide risks.•Barriers to biological control adoption are obstacles to organic and IPM practices.•Organic and IPM practitioners stand to gain from collaboration. More resilient and sustainable approaches are urgently needed to minimize crop yield losses resulting from pest activity and reduce impacts of pest management on human health and the environment. Increasing implementation of biological approaches, including biological control, biopesticides, biostimulants and pheromones is a mutual high priority for sustainable agriculture leaders and practitioners, including those working in organic agriculture and Integrated Pest Management (IPM). While market and regulatory forces, and pest resistance to conventional pesticides are contributing to growth in implementation of biological approaches, they remain a very small percentage of the overall global crop protection portfolio. Barriers to greater adoption include many of the same barriers to adopting IPM techniques or transitioning to organic. Improved awareness and understanding of the histories and benefits of organic and IPM, goals and priorities shared by organic and IPM proponents and practitioners, and opportunities for accelerating adoption of biological approaches have potential to improve our combined effectiveness in overcoming these barriers. Strategies to speed adoption include increased education and extension on proven, ready-to-use biological control options; full cost and benefit accounting for biologically-based alternatives to chemical controls; and public and private sector policies to encourage biological control and reduce reliance on chemical controls. Both the organic and IPM communities of practice stand to gain from collaboration on common interests and goals.