Fundamentals of diagnostic ultrasonography in sheep and goat medicine: a comprehensive illustrated overview
This illustrated review emphasizes the fundamentals of diagnostic ultrasonography in sheep and goat medicine. The procedure can effectively assess the thoracic and abdominal organs in both healthy and diseased states. The review discusses five main sections. The first one clarifies the principles of...
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| Published in | Frontiers in veterinary science Vol. 12; p. 1562097 |
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| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Switzerland
Frontiers Media S.A
17.03.2025
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| Abstract | This illustrated review emphasizes the fundamentals of diagnostic ultrasonography in sheep and goat medicine. The procedure can effectively assess the thoracic and abdominal organs in both healthy and diseased states. The review discusses five main sections. The first one clarifies the principles of pulmonary sonography in sheep and goats followed by image finding in animals with respiratory disorders including pneumonia, pleuropneumonia, lung abscessation and pleuritis. Second section shows the fundamentals of echography in sheep and goats followed by scanning of animals with cardiovascular disorders including heart failure, fibrinous pericarditis, endocarditis and nutritional muscular dystrophy. Third section of this review discusses the principles of gastrointestinal sonography in sheep and goats followed by picture in some digestive disorders including peritonitis, enteritis and retroperitoneal abscessation. Fourth part shows the basics in hepatic and biliary tissue followed by sonography of sheep and goats with hepatic and biliary disorders including fatty liver, hepatitis cysticercosis, cholangitis, cholecystitis, cholestasis and choledocholithiasis. Last section of this review discusses the fundamentals of urinary system ultrasonography followed by imaging of the urinary disorders including renal failure, hydronephrosis, pyelonephritis, obstructive urolithiasis, cystitis and paralysis of the urinary bladder. In conclusion, ultrasonography of either healthy or diseased sheep or goats is very useful for assessing the normal structure and function of both healthy and dysfunctional organs. It is highly recommended to adopt this procedure as a standard preliminary method for examining sheep and goats with any medical condition. |
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| AbstractList | This illustrated review emphasizes the fundamentals of diagnostic ultrasonography in sheep and goat medicine. The procedure can effectively assess the thoracic and abdominal organs in both healthy and diseased states. The review discusses five main sections. The first one clarifies the principles of pulmonary sonography in sheep and goats followed by image finding in animals with respiratory disorders including pneumonia, pleuropneumonia, lung abscessation and pleuritis. Second section shows the fundamentals of echography in sheep and goats followed by scanning of animals with cardiovascular disorders including heart failure, fibrinous pericarditis, endocarditis and nutritional muscular dystrophy. Third section of this review discusses the principles of gastrointestinal sonography in sheep and goats followed by picture in some digestive disorders including peritonitis, enteritis and retroperitoneal abscessation. Fourth part shows the basics in hepatic and biliary tissue followed by sonography of sheep and goats with hepatic and biliary disorders including fatty liver, hepatitis cysticercosis, cholangitis, cholecystitis, cholestasis and choledocholithiasis. Last section of this review discusses the fundamentals of urinary system ultrasonography followed by imaging of the urinary disorders including renal failure, hydronephrosis, pyelonephritis, obstructive urolithiasis, cystitis and paralysis of the urinary bladder. In conclusion, ultrasonography of either healthy or diseased sheep or goats is very useful for assessing the normal structure and function of both healthy and dysfunctional organs. It is highly recommended to adopt this procedure as a standard preliminary method for examining sheep and goats with any medical condition.This illustrated review emphasizes the fundamentals of diagnostic ultrasonography in sheep and goat medicine. The procedure can effectively assess the thoracic and abdominal organs in both healthy and diseased states. The review discusses five main sections. The first one clarifies the principles of pulmonary sonography in sheep and goats followed by image finding in animals with respiratory disorders including pneumonia, pleuropneumonia, lung abscessation and pleuritis. Second section shows the fundamentals of echography in sheep and goats followed by scanning of animals with cardiovascular disorders including heart failure, fibrinous pericarditis, endocarditis and nutritional muscular dystrophy. Third section of this review discusses the principles of gastrointestinal sonography in sheep and goats followed by picture in some digestive disorders including peritonitis, enteritis and retroperitoneal abscessation. Fourth part shows the basics in hepatic and biliary tissue followed by sonography of sheep and goats with hepatic and biliary disorders including fatty liver, hepatitis cysticercosis, cholangitis, cholecystitis, cholestasis and choledocholithiasis. Last section of this review discusses the fundamentals of urinary system ultrasonography followed by imaging of the urinary disorders including renal failure, hydronephrosis, pyelonephritis, obstructive urolithiasis, cystitis and paralysis of the urinary bladder. In conclusion, ultrasonography of either healthy or diseased sheep or goats is very useful for assessing the normal structure and function of both healthy and dysfunctional organs. It is highly recommended to adopt this procedure as a standard preliminary method for examining sheep and goats with any medical condition. This illustrated review emphasizes the fundamentals of diagnostic ultrasonography in sheep and goat medicine. The procedure can effectively assess the thoracic and abdominal organs in both healthy and diseased states. The review discusses five main sections. The first one clarifies the principles of pulmonary sonography in sheep and goats followed by image finding in animals with respiratory disorders including pneumonia, pleuropneumonia, lung abscessation and pleuritis. Second section shows the fundamentals of echography in sheep and goats followed by scanning of animals with cardiovascular disorders including heart failure, fibrinous pericarditis, endocarditis and nutritional muscular dystrophy. Third section of this review discusses the principles of gastrointestinal sonography in sheep and goats followed by picture in some digestive disorders including peritonitis, enteritis and retroperitoneal abscessation. Fourth part shows the basics in hepatic and biliary tissue followed by sonography of sheep and goats with hepatic and biliary disorders including fatty liver, hepatitis cysticercosis, cholangitis, cholecystitis, cholestasis and choledocholithiasis. Last section of this review discusses the fundamentals of urinary system ultrasonography followed by imaging of the urinary disorders including renal failure, hydronephrosis, pyelonephritis, obstructive urolithiasis, cystitis and paralysis of the urinary bladder. In conclusion, ultrasonography of either healthy or diseased sheep or goats is very useful for assessing the normal structure and function of both healthy and dysfunctional organs. It is highly recommended to adopt this procedure as a standard preliminary method for examining sheep and goats with any medical condition. |
| Author | Tharwat, Mohamed Marzok, Mohamed |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University , Buraidah , Saudi Arabia 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University , Al-Ahsa , Saudi Arabia |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40166704$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1292/jvms.66.73 10.1177/0023677213486895 10.36326/kjvs/2019/v10i23311 10.1016/j.cvfa.2009.07.010 10.1186/1751-0147-53-19 10.1292/jvms.23-0325 10.47278/journal.ijvs/2023.094 10.1007/s11250-007-9096-z 10.1136/vr.100192 10.4172/2325-9590.1000107 10.1186/1746-6148-7-55 10.47278/journal.ijvs/2023.050 10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.07.020 10.1186/1746-6148-8-181 10.1136/vropen-2013-000004 10.1024/0036-7281/a000273 10.1292/jvms.66.341 10.1177/104063879100300124 10.1002/9780813818825 10.1007/s11259-024-10458-1 10.1148/radiology.180.1.2052682 10.1186/s12917-017-1167-4 10.1007/s11250-010-9766-0 10.1638/05-097.1 10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.02.012 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.03.013 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i4.13 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01262.x 10.1017/S002202990700297X 10.1186/1746-6148-7-11 10.1556/avet.2013.041 10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i1.1 10.1016/j.jvc.2013.08.001 10.1016/j.mcp.2008.07.003 10.3923/javaa.2012.1327.1331 10.1177/104063870101300215 10.1136/vr.c3113 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2007.00989.x 10.1136/vr.d4346 10.1136/vr.148.2.47 10.1016/S0378-1135(01)00434-5 10.47278/journal.ijvs/2024.222 10.1128/JB.05980-11 10.1024/0036-7281/a000108 10.1007/s11250-010-9537-y 10.2478/v10181-011-0118-4 10.1024/0036-7281/a000442 10.1093/af/vfab001 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.12.021 10.3389/fvets.2024.1435395 10.1024/0036-7281/a000231 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1879-1887 10.1136/vr.156.9.286 10.1024/0036-7281.a000018 10.1024/0036-7281/a000298 |
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| Copyright | Copyright © 2025 Marzok and Tharwat. Copyright © 2025 Marzok and Tharwat. 2025 Marzok and Tharwat |
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| Keywords | small ruminants animals goat ultrasonography sheep |
| Language | English |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 Mohamed Tharwat, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3796-9590 Hakim Athar, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, India Reviewed by: Abdelmonem Mohamed, University of Prince Edward Island, Canada Edited by: Hussein M. El-Husseiny, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan ORCID: Mohamed Marzok, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7961-1247 |
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| Title | Fundamentals of diagnostic ultrasonography in sheep and goat medicine: a comprehensive illustrated overview |
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