Integrating Rowcovers and Soil Amendments for Organic Cucumber Production: Implications on Crop Growth, Yield, and Microclimate

• Published in: HortScience Vol. 45; no. 4; pp. 566 - 574
• Main Authors: Nair, Ajay, Ngouajio, Mathieu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Alexandria, VA American Society for Horticultural Science 01.04.2010
• Subjects: Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; air temperature; Biological and medical sciences; climatic factors; composts; crop yield; cucumbers; Cucumis sativus; dry matter accumulation; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General agronomy. Plant production; heat sums; leaves; Michigan; microclimate; optical properties; organic production; Other nutrients. Amendments. Solid and liquid wastes. Sludges and slurries; photosynthetically active radiation; plant growth; relative humidity; row covers; soil amendments; soil temperature; Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. Amendments; vegetable crops; Michigan; Vegetables; Growth; plant biomass; Environmental factor; Fruit vegetable; Microclimate; Leaf area; Amendment; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; temperature; Animal production; Cultivated plant; Plant production; Compost; Vegetals; Photosynthetically active radiation; Cucurbitaceae; Light transmission; Cucumis sativus; Soil management; Milk production; Soils; dairy compost; Composting; Vegetable crop; Spermatophyta; Yield; Cucumber
• DOI: 10.21273/HORTSCI.45.4.566
• ISSN: 0018-5345

The area of organic production has registered a steady increase over past recent years. Transitioning to organic production is not straightforward and often includes a steep learning curve. Organic growers have to develop strategies to best manage nutrients, pests, and crop growth and yield. Additionally, in regions with temperate climate like the Great Lakes region, weather (especially temperature and solar radiation) plays an important role in crop productivity. Growers routinely use compost for nutrient provisioning and rowcovers for insect exclusion and growth enhancement. The objective of this work was to study the combined effect of rowcovers (with different light transmission) and compost organic cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) growth and microclimate. Plots were assigned to three rowcover treatments (60% light transmission, 85% light transmission, and uncovered) and two amendment treatments (compost and no compost) in a split-plot factorial design. Data were collected for ambient air and soil temperature, photosynthetically active radiation ( PAR ), relative humidity, plant growth characteristics, and yield. Rowcovers modified crop microclimate by increasing air and soil temperature and decreasing PAR . There was a marked increase in the growing degree-day accumulations under rowcovers when compared with uncovered treatment. The impact of rowcovers on plant growth was significant. Use of rowcovers increased vine length, flower count, leaf area, leaf count, plant biomass, and total marketable yield. Use of compost in conjunction with rowcovers enhanced the rowcover effect. With the use of compost, there were not many significant differences in plant growth characteristics between rowcover materials; however, as expected, rowcover with 60% transmission was able to trap more heat and reduce light transmission when compared with rowcover with 85% transmission. This study clearly shows the importance of organic amendments, especially compost, in organic vegetable production. Applications of compost enhanced crop growth and also led to higher marketable yields. Results of this study suggest additive effects of rowcover and compost application on organic cucumber production.