Substitution of Aspartic Acid-686 by Histidine or Asparagine in the Human Androgen Receptor Leads to a Functionally Inactive Protein with Altered Hormone-Binding Characteristics

• Published in: Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) Vol. 5; no. 10; pp. 1562 - 1569
• Main Authors: Ris-Stalpers, C., Trifiro, M. A., Kuiper, G. G. J. M., Jenster, G., Romalo, G., Sai, T., van Rooij, H. C. J., Kaufman, M., Rosenfield, R. L., Liao, S., Schweikert, H-U., Trapman, J., Pinsky, L., Brinkmann, A. O.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bethesda, MD Endocrine Society 01.10.1991
• Subjects: Adult; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Base Sequence; Biological and medical sciences; Cell receptors; Cell structures and functions; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase - genetics; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase - metabolism; Codon - genetics; Exons; Female; Fibroblasts - metabolism; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; HeLa Cells; Histidine; Hormone receptors. Growth factor receptors. Cytokine receptors. Prostaglandin receptors; Humans; Kinetics; Male; Molecular and cellular biology; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; Pedigree; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Receptors, Androgen - genetics; Receptors, Androgen - metabolism; Recombinant Fusion Proteins - metabolism; Skin - metabolism; Transfection; Hormone; Resistance; Cell line; Androgen; Structure activity relation; Substitution; Molecular interaction; Mutation; Sex steroid hormone; Hela cell line; Hybrid gene; Hormonal receptor
• ISSN: 0888-8809; 1944-9917
• DOI: 10.1210/mend-5-10-1562

We have identified two different single nucleotide alterations in codon 686 (GAC; aspartic acid) in exon 4 of the human androgen receptor gene in three unrelated families with the complete form of androgen insensitivity. One mutation (G---C) results in an aspartic acid---histidine substitution (with 15-20% of wild-type androgen-binding capacity), whereas the other mutation (G---A) leads to an aspartic acid---asparagine substitution (with normal androgen-binding capacity, but a rapidly dissociating ligand-receptor complex). The mutations eliminate a Hinfl restriction site. Screening for the loss of the Hinfl site in both families with the Asp---Asn mutation resulted in the recognition of heterozygous carriers in successive generations of each. Both mutant androgen receptors were generated in vitro and transiently expressed in COS and HeLa cells. The receptor proteins produced had the same altered binding characteristics as those measured in fibroblasts from the affected subjects. R1881-activated transcription of a GRE-tk-CAT reporter gene construct was strongly diminished by both mutant receptors and was only partially restored using a 100-fold higher concentration of ligand compared with wild-type receptor. Thus, aspartic acid-686 appears essential for normal androgen receptor function. Substitution of this amino acid residue, by either histidine or asparagine, results in androgen insensitivity and lack of androgen-dependent male sexual differentiation.