Formation mechanism of the solid electrolyte interphase in different ester electrolytes

• Published in: Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability Vol. 9; no. 35; pp. 19664 - 19668
• Main Authors: Yang, Shi-Jie, Yao, Nan, Xu, Xiang-Qun, Jiang, Feng-Ni, Chen, Xiang, Liu, He, Yuan, Hong, Huang, Jia-Qi, Cheng, Xin-Bing
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge Royal Society of Chemistry 14.09.2021
• Subjects: Anions; carbonates; Dispersion; Electrolytes; Electrolytic cells; Ethylene; First principles; Interphase; Lithium; Lithium batteries; Macromolecules; Mathematical analysis; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; polymerization; Reaction products; Solid electrolytes; Solvents
• DOI: 10.1039/d1ta02615a
• ISSN: 2050-7488; 2050-7496

The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) plays a critical role in determining the performance of lithium metal batteries. Herein, the formation mechanisms of the SEI is investigated in electrolytes with two frequently adopted solvents: diethyl carbonate (DEC) and ethylene carbonate (EC). The dispersity of reaction products between Li and solvents are explored by 1 H-NMR and first-principles calculations. Lithium ethylene carbonate (LEC), the reduction product of DEC, disperses in the electrolyte, while lithium ethylene dicarbonate (LEDC), the reduction product of EC, cannot disperse in the electrolyte. First-principles calculations further prove that the low polymerization degree of (LEC) n leads to its good dispersity, while poly-LEDC macromolecules can remain on the Li surface acting as the stable SEI. This work not only clearly points out the formation mechanism of SEI, but also demonstrates the functional role of EC, which can provide novel insights for electrolyte design of advanced batteries. The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) plays a critical role in determining the performance of lithium metal batteries.