Antibody numbering schemes: advances, comparisons and tools for antibody engineering

The evolution of antibody engineering has significantly enhanced the development of antibody-based therapeutics, enabling the creation of novel antibody formats tailored for specific applications. Since the introduction of the Kabat numbering scheme in 1977, various schemes have been developed and m...

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Published inProtein engineering, design and selection Vol. 38
Main Authors Zhu, Zirui, Ashrafian, Hossein, Tabrizi, Navid Mohammadian, Matas, Emily, Girard, Louisa, Ma, Haowei, Nice, Edouard C
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Oxford University Press 01.04.2025
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ISSN1741-0126
1741-0134
1741-0134
DOI10.1093/protein/gzaf005

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Abstract The evolution of antibody engineering has significantly enhanced the development of antibody-based therapeutics, enabling the creation of novel antibody formats tailored for specific applications. Since the introduction of the Kabat numbering scheme in 1977, various schemes have been developed and modified, forming the foundation for multiple antibody engineering projects. The tools associated with these schemes further facilitate the engineering process. However, discrepancies among current numbering schemes can lead to confusion. This study examines various numbering schemes and related tools, providing new insights into antibody variable domains. Improved understanding of antibody numbering and related tools holds significant potential for more precise and efficient antibody design, thereby advancing antibody-based therapeutics and diagnostics.
AbstractList The evolution of antibody engineering has significantly enhanced the development of antibody-based therapeutics, enabling the creation of novel antibody formats tailored for specific applications. Since the introduction of the Kabat numbering scheme in 1977, various schemes have been developed and modified, forming the foundation for multiple antibody engineering projects. The tools associated with these schemes further facilitate the engineering process. However, discrepancies among current numbering schemes can lead to confusion. This study examines various numbering schemes and related tools, providing new insights into antibody variable domains. Improved understanding of antibody numbering and related tools holds significant potential for more precise and efficient antibody design, thereby advancing antibody-based therapeutics and diagnostics.The evolution of antibody engineering has significantly enhanced the development of antibody-based therapeutics, enabling the creation of novel antibody formats tailored for specific applications. Since the introduction of the Kabat numbering scheme in 1977, various schemes have been developed and modified, forming the foundation for multiple antibody engineering projects. The tools associated with these schemes further facilitate the engineering process. However, discrepancies among current numbering schemes can lead to confusion. This study examines various numbering schemes and related tools, providing new insights into antibody variable domains. Improved understanding of antibody numbering and related tools holds significant potential for more precise and efficient antibody design, thereby advancing antibody-based therapeutics and diagnostics.
The evolution of antibody engineering has significantly enhanced the development of antibody-based therapeutics, enabling the creation of novel antibody formats tailored for specific applications. Since the introduction of the Kabat numbering scheme in 1977, various schemes have been developed and modified, forming the foundation for multiple antibody engineering projects. The tools associated with these schemes further facilitate the engineering process. However, discrepancies among current numbering schemes can lead to confusion. This study examines various numbering schemes and related tools, providing new insights into antibody variable domains. Improved understanding of antibody numbering and related tools holds significant potential for more precise and efficient antibody design, thereby advancing antibody-based therapeutics and diagnostics.
The evolution of antibody engineering has significantly enhanced the development of antibody-based therapeutics, enabling the creation of novel antibody formats tailored for specific applications. Since the introduction of the Kabat numbering scheme in 1977, various schemes have been developed and modified, forming the foundation for multiple antibody engineering projects. The tools associated with these schemes further facilitate the engineering process. However, discrepancies among current numbering schemes can lead to confusion. This study examines various numbering schemes and related tools, providing new insights into antibody variable domains. Improved understanding of antibody numbering and related tools holds significant potential for more precise and efficient antibody design, thereby advancing antibody-based therapeutics and diagnostics. Graphical Abstract Created with BioRender.com
Author Ashrafian, Hossein
Tabrizi, Navid Mohammadian
Ma, Haowei
Zhu, Zirui
Matas, Emily
Girard, Louisa
Nice, Edouard C
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Keywords Protein engineering
Antibody engineering
Numbering schemes
Antibody
Computational tools
Language English
License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Snippet The evolution of antibody engineering has significantly enhanced the development of antibody-based therapeutics, enabling the creation of novel antibody...
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SubjectTerms Animals
Antibodies - chemistry
Antibodies - genetics
Humans
Protein Engineering - methods
Review
Title Antibody numbering schemes: advances, comparisons and tools for antibody engineering
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40169149
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3185211893
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC11997657
Volume 38
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