Methods for Treatment of Animal Manures to Reduce Nutrient Pollution Prior to Soil Application

• Published in: Current pollution reports Vol. 1; no. 1; pp. 47 - 56
• Main Authors: Szogi, Ariel A., Vanotti, Matias B., Ro, Kyoung S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.03.2015; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Agriculture; Animal manures; Animal production; Animal wastes; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; byproducts; Composting; Earth and Environmental Science; Environment; Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice; fertilizers; Industrial Pollution Prevention; Land Pollution (G Hettiarachchi; Leaching; Manures; Mineral deposits; Monitoring/Environmental Analysis; Nitrates; Nitrogen; Nutrient pollution; Nutrients; phosphorus; Pollution; Pollution control; Poultry; Raw materials; recycling; runoff; Section Editor; soil; Soil pollution; soil treatment; Soil water; Soils; Topical Collection on Land Pollution; Waste treatment; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water pollution; Water Pollution Control; Water quality; Water resources; United States > US; Animal waste; Phosphorus recovery methods; Nutrient pollution; Nutrient management; Nitrogen recovery methods; Sustainable intensification
• DOI: 10.1007/s40726-015-0005-1
• ISSN: 2198-6592

For centuries, animal manures have been a traditional source of nutrients in agriculture. However, disposal of animal manure has become an environmental problem in recent times as a result of increased concentration of animal production within small geographic areas. Manure nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) applied in excess of the assimilative soil capacity have the potential to reach and pollute water resources through soil leaching or runoff. Yet, conservation and recovery of N and P is a concern in modern agriculture because of the high cost and future limited supply of commercial fertilizers, particularly P which is extracted from mineral deposits. Therefore, N and P recovery methods are necessary to reduce their excess prior to manure soil application and recover them as valuable products. This article is a review of existing technologies for animal waste treatment and additional new methods for recycling manure N and P and possible recovery as valuable byproducts.