Preservation of neural tissue with a formaldehyde‐free phenol‐based embalming protocol
The adverse effects formaldehyde fixation has on tissues both gross anatomically and histologically are well documented. Consequently, researchers are seeking alternative embalming techniques that better preserve in vivo characteristics of tissues. Phenol‐based embalming is one method that has shown...
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Published in | Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 32; no. 2; pp. 224 - 230 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Hoboken, USA
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
01.03.2019
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc |
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Abstract | The adverse effects formaldehyde fixation has on tissues both gross anatomically and histologically are well documented. Consequently, researchers are seeking alternative embalming techniques that better preserve in vivo characteristics of tissues. Phenol‐based embalming is one method that has shown promise in its ability to adequately preserve the in vivo qualities of tissues through preliminary explorations at the gross anatomical level. The literature on phenol‐based embalming is currently scarce, especially with regard to its effects on tissues at the microscopic level. For the current study we aimed to document the histologic effects of a formaldehyde‐free phenol‐based embalming solution on neural tissue, with the hope of providing novel insight into the effects of soft‐embalming on tissues at the microscopic level. Cerebral and cerebellar tissue obtained from porcine brains was fixed in phenol‐ and formaldehyde‐based fixatives; the latter served as a control. Fixed samples were processed for histological analysis. The phenol‐based embalming solution provided excellent preservation of the cerebral and cerebellar tissue morphology. Of note was the decrease in separation artifact seen in both tissue types relative to the control tissue, as well as anomalous circular artifacts in the white matter. The results of this study indicate that the phenol‐based embalming solution preserves neural tissue at the histological level, perhaps superiorly in many aspects when compared to the formaldehyde‐fixed samples. Further investigations of both gross anatomy and histology are recommended on the basis of these promising new findings to determine its potential utilities within research and education. Clin. Anat. 32:224–230, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. |
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AbstractList | The adverse effects formaldehyde fixation has on tissues both gross anatomically and histologically are well documented. Consequently, researchers are seeking alternative embalming techniques that better preserve in vivo characteristics of tissues. Phenol-based embalming is one method that has shown promise in its ability to adequately preserve the in vivo qualities of tissues through preliminary explorations at the gross anatomical level. The literature on phenol-based embalming is currently scarce, especially with regard to its effects on tissues at the microscopic level. For the current study we aimed to document the histologic effects of a formaldehyde-free phenol-based embalming solution on neural tissue, with the hope of providing novel insight into the effects of soft-embalming on tissues at the microscopic level. Cerebral and cerebellar tissue obtained from porcine brains was fixed in phenol- and formaldehyde-based fixatives; the latter served as a control. Fixed samples were processed for histological analysis. The phenol-based embalming solution provided excellent preservation of the cerebral and cerebellar tissue morphology. Of note was the decrease in separation artifact seen in both tissue types relative to the control tissue, as well as anomalous circular artifacts in the white matter. The results of this study indicate that the phenol-based embalming solution preserves neural tissue at the histological level, perhaps superiorly in many aspects when compared to the formaldehyde-fixed samples. Further investigations of both gross anatomy and histology are recommended on the basis of these promising new findings to determine its potential utilities within research and education. Clin. Anat. 32:224-230, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The adverse effects formaldehyde fixation has on tissues both gross anatomically and histologically are well documented. Consequently, researchers are seeking alternative embalming techniques that better preserve in vivo characteristics of tissues. Phenol‐based embalming is one method that has shown promise in its ability to adequately preserve the in vivo qualities of tissues through preliminary explorations at the gross anatomical level. The literature on phenol‐based embalming is currently scarce, especially with regard to its effects on tissues at the microscopic level. For the current study we aimed to document the histologic effects of a formaldehyde‐free phenol‐based embalming solution on neural tissue, with the hope of providing novel insight into the effects of soft‐embalming on tissues at the microscopic level. Cerebral and cerebellar tissue obtained from porcine brains was fixed in phenol‐ and formaldehyde‐based fixatives; the latter served as a control. Fixed samples were processed for histological analysis. The phenol‐based embalming solution provided excellent preservation of the cerebral and cerebellar tissue morphology. Of note was the decrease in separation artifact seen in both tissue types relative to the control tissue, as well as anomalous circular artifacts in the white matter. The results of this study indicate that the phenol‐based embalming solution preserves neural tissue at the histological level, perhaps superiorly in many aspects when compared to the formaldehyde‐fixed samples. Further investigations of both gross anatomy and histology are recommended on the basis of these promising new findings to determine its potential utilities within research and education. Clin. Anat. 32:224–230, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. |
Author | Ellis, Randy E. Pang, Stephen C. Tomalty, Diane |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Diane orcidid: 0000-0001-9535-0836 surname: Tomalty fullname: Tomalty, Diane email: 44dt@queensu.ca organization: Queen's University – sequence: 2 givenname: Stephen C. surname: Pang fullname: Pang, Stephen C. organization: Queen's University – sequence: 3 givenname: Randy E. surname: Ellis fullname: Ellis, Randy E. organization: Queen's University |
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Cites_doi | 10.1002/ca.21118 10.1016/j.jvs.2011.09.098 10.1016/j.surge.2010.09.001 10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02401.x 10.1016/S0165-0270(97)00050-2 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.742.5 10.1111/joa.12160 10.3171/2014.1.JNS131857 10.1002/ca.22392 10.1002/ca.23011 10.1007/s00429-011-0366-1 10.1002/ase.1715 10.1016/j.aanat.2010.08.003 10.1002/ca.22585 10.1007/s10143-014-0572-4 10.1016/j.surneu.2009.02.028 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2011.02610.x 10.1007/s00276-017-1865-4 10.1016/j.jsurg.2012.06.013 10.1002/ca.22222 10.1007/s00464-007-9502-7 10.1007/BF01747525 10.1016/j.ygyno.2009.02.012 10.1227/NEU.0b013e3181f8c247 |
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SubjectTerms | Cerebellum Fixatives Formaldehyde Histology In vivo methods and tests Morphology neural tissue neurohistology phenol Phenols Preservation soft‐embalming Substantia alba Tissues Utilities |
Title | Preservation of neural tissue with a formaldehyde‐free phenol‐based embalming protocol |
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