Fractal construction of constrained code words for DNA storage systems

Abstract The use of complex biological molecules to solve computational problems is an emerging field at the interface between biology and computer science. There are two main categories in which biological molecules, especially DNA, are investigated as alternatives to silicon-based computer technol...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inNucleic acids research Vol. 50; no. 5; p. e30
Main Authors Löchel, Hannah F, Welzel, Marius, Hattab, Georges, Hauschild, Anne-Christin, Heider, Dominik
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Oxford University Press 21.03.2022
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Loading…
Abstract Abstract The use of complex biological molecules to solve computational problems is an emerging field at the interface between biology and computer science. There are two main categories in which biological molecules, especially DNA, are investigated as alternatives to silicon-based computer technologies. One is to use DNA as a storage medium, and the other is to use DNA for computing. Both strategies come with certain constraints. In the current study, we present a novel approach derived from chaos game representation for DNA to generate DNA code words that fulfill user-defined constraints, namely GC content, homopolymers, and undesired motifs, and thus, can be used to build codes for reliable DNA storage systems. Graphical Abstract Graphical Abstract Fractal construction of constrained code words for DNA storage systems.
AbstractList Abstract The use of complex biological molecules to solve computational problems is an emerging field at the interface between biology and computer science. There are two main categories in which biological molecules, especially DNA, are investigated as alternatives to silicon-based computer technologies. One is to use DNA as a storage medium, and the other is to use DNA for computing. Both strategies come with certain constraints. In the current study, we present a novel approach derived from chaos game representation for DNA to generate DNA code words that fulfill user-defined constraints, namely GC content, homopolymers, and undesired motifs, and thus, can be used to build codes for reliable DNA storage systems. Graphical Abstract Graphical Abstract Fractal construction of constrained code words for DNA storage systems.
The use of complex biological molecules to solve computational problems is an emerging field at the interface between biology and computer science. There are two main categories in which biological molecules, especially DNA, are investigated as alternatives to silicon-based computer technologies. One is to use DNA as a storage medium, and the other is to use DNA for computing. Both strategies come with certain constraints. In the current study, we present a novel approach derived from chaos game representation for DNA to generate DNA code words that fulfill user-defined constraints, namely GC content, homopolymers, and undesired motifs, and thus, can be used to build codes for reliable DNA storage systems.
Abstract The use of complex biological molecules to solve computational problems is an emerging field at the interface between biology and computer science. There are two main categories in which biological molecules, especially DNA, are investigated as alternatives to silicon-based computer technologies. One is to use DNA as a storage medium, and the other is to use DNA for computing. Both strategies come with certain constraints. In the current study, we present a novel approach derived from chaos game representation for DNA to generate DNA code words that fulfill user-defined constraints, namely GC content, homopolymers, and undesired motifs, and thus, can be used to build codes for reliable DNA storage systems.
The use of complex biological molecules to solve computational problems is an emerging field at the interface between biology and computer science. There are two main categories in which biological molecules, especially DNA, are investigated as alternatives to silicon-based computer technologies. One is to use DNA as a storage medium, and the other is to use DNA for computing. Both strategies come with certain constraints. In the current study, we present a novel approach derived from chaos game representation for DNA to generate DNA code words that fulfill user-defined constraints, namely GC content, homopolymers, and undesired motifs, and thus, can be used to build codes for reliable DNA storage systems. Graphical Abstract Fractal construction of constrained code words for DNA storage systems.
Author Hauschild, Anne-Christin
Heider, Dominik
Welzel, Marius
Löchel, Hannah F
Hattab, Georges
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Hannah F
  orcidid: 0000-0003-3515-570X
  surname: Löchel
  fullname: Löchel, Hannah F
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Marius
  orcidid: 0000-0002-4946-2156
  surname: Welzel
  fullname: Welzel, Marius
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Georges
  surname: Hattab
  fullname: Hattab, Georges
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Anne-Christin
  surname: Hauschild
  fullname: Hauschild, Anne-Christin
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Dominik
  orcidid: 0000-0002-3108-8311
  surname: Heider
  fullname: Heider, Dominik
  email: dominik.heider@uni-marburg.de
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34908135$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNp9kDtPwzAURi1URB-wMaNsMBDqV9J6QaoKBaQKFpgtx74pgdQudgLqv8eoD8HCYF1b9-jzp9NHHessIHRK8BXBgg2t8sPFuyoIxeIA9QjLacpFTjuohxnOUoL5uIv6IbxhTDjJ-BHqMi7wmLCsh2Yzr3Sj6kQ7Gxrf6qZyNnHl9q0qCybeDSRfzpuQlM4nN4-TJDTOqwUkYR0aWIZjdFiqOsDJdg7Qy-z2eXqfzp_uHqaTeaoZz5tUGw75KKcAxuQFFcrwUclBC83HUBaCCzbKMqpUJigIZhQ1owJIqXnBuMElG6DrTe6qLZZgNNjYsZYrXy2VX0unKvl3Y6tXuXCfcixigSyLARfbAO8-WgiNXFZBQ10rC64NkubRVzQTzwBdblDtXQgeyv03BMsf9TKqlzv1ET_7XW0P71xH4HwDuHb1f9Q3A6CR1A
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_isci_2024_109575
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mtbio_2022_100306
crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_jcim_3c01592
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_isci_2023_106231
crossref_primary_10_1093_bioadv_vbad117
crossref_primary_10_1093_bib_bbae125
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csbj_2023_09_004
crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2023_3332903
crossref_primary_10_3390_fi15080252
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compbiomed_2022_106269
crossref_primary_10_1039_D2LC00972B
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_023_36297_3
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compbiomed_2023_107244
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tibtech_2023_08_001
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csbj_2024_04_048
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_celrep_2024_113699
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csbj_2023_02_016
Cites_doi 10.1021/acssynbio.6b00089
10.1093/nar/18.8.2163
10.1186/1471-2199-9-40
10.1093/bioinformatics/btn342
10.1109/LCOMM.2018.2861867
10.1021/bp049917i
10.1038/s41598-020-62675-8
10.1186/1471-2105-8-176
10.1016/j.csbj.2021.11.008
10.1038/21092
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2970838
10.1038/s41598-019-45832-6
10.1038/s41576-019-0125-3
10.1109/LCOMM.2019.2912572
10.1126/science.1226355
10.1016/S0960-0779(98)00182-9
10.1080/17513472.2020.1766348
10.1186/gb-2011-12-11-r112
10.1038/nbt.4079
10.1126/science.aaj2038
10.1002/j.1538-7305.1950.tb00463.x
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2980036
10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026048
10.1038/nature24286
10.1109/BICTA.2009.5338158
10.1038/nature11875
10.1126/science.293.5536.1763c
10.1093/bioinformatics/btz493
10.3390/ijms21134651
10.1142/S0218339010003688
10.1186/1756-0500-2-125
10.1109/TIT.2007.911167
10.1109/LCOMM.2019.2930970
10.1093/nsr/nwaa007
10.1021/bp060261y
10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.05.001
10.1016/j.tcs.2004.11.004
10.1038/nmat4594
10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa140
10.1186/1471-2105-7-243
10.1109/LCOMM.2018.2866566
10.1093/bioinformatics/17.5.429
10.1371/journal.pone.0011024
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research. 2022
The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.
Copyright_xml – notice: The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research. 2022
– notice: The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.
DBID TOX
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
AAYXX
CITATION
7X8
5PM
DOI 10.1093/nar/gkab1209
DatabaseName Oxford Academic Journals (Open Access)
Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
CrossRef
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DatabaseTitle MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
CrossRef
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList
MEDLINE
CrossRef

Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 2
  dbid: EIF
  name: MEDLINE
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 3
  dbid: TOX
  name: Oxford Academic Journals (Open Access)
  url: https://academic.oup.com/journals/
  sourceTypes: Publisher
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Anatomy & Physiology
Chemistry
EISSN 1362-4962
EndPage e30
ExternalDocumentID 10_1093_nar_gkab1209
34908135
10.1093/nar/gkab1209
Genre Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal Article
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: ;
GroupedDBID ---
-DZ
-~X
.55
.GJ
.I3
0R~
123
18M
1TH
29N
2WC
3O-
4.4
482
53G
5VS
5WA
6.Y
70E
85S
A8Z
AAFWJ
AAHBH
AAMVS
AAOGV
AAPPN
AAPXW
AAUQX
AAVAP
AAWDT
AAYJJ
ABPTD
ABQLI
ABQTQ
ABSAR
ABSMQ
ABXVV
ACFRR
ACGFO
ACGFS
ACIPB
ACIWK
ACMRT
ACNCT
ACPQN
ACPRK
ACUTJ
ACZBC
ADBBV
ADHZD
AEGXH
AEKPW
AENEX
AENZO
AFFNX
AFPKN
AFRAH
AFSHK
AFULF
AFYAG
AGKRT
AGMDO
AHMBA
AIAGR
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
ALUQC
ANFBD
AOIJS
AQDSO
ASAOO
ASPBG
ATDFG
ATTQO
AVWKF
AZFZN
BAWUL
BAYMD
BCNDV
BEYMZ
BTTYL
C1A
CAG
CIDKT
COF
CS3
CXTWN
CZ4
D0S
DFGAJ
DIK
DU5
D~K
E3Z
EBD
EBS
EJD
ELUNK
EMOBN
ESTFP
F20
F5P
FEDTE
GROUPED_DOAJ
GX1
H13
HH5
HVGLF
HYE
HZ~
H~9
IH2
KAQDR
KC5
KQ8
KSI
M49
MBTAY
MVM
M~E
NTWIH
NU-
OAWHX
OBC
OBS
OEB
OES
OJQWA
OVD
O~Y
P2P
PB-
PEELM
PQQKQ
QBD
R44
RD5
RNI
RNS
ROL
ROX
ROZ
RPM
RXO
RZF
RZO
SJN
SV3
TCN
TEORI
TN5
TOX
TR2
UHB
WG7
WOQ
X7H
X7M
XSB
XSW
YSK
ZKX
ZXP
~91
~D7
~KM
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
AAYXX
CITATION
7X8
5PM
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c346t-cd4e6762eedd6b29ad47f4ec9c48efb94937552aa592e93da2d7be1fc4b34d0f3
IEDL.DBID RPM
ISSN 0305-1048
IngestDate Tue Sep 17 21:15:46 EDT 2024
Fri Oct 25 11:22:59 EDT 2024
Fri Aug 23 03:39:27 EDT 2024
Wed Oct 16 00:40:59 EDT 2024
Wed Aug 28 03:17:22 EDT 2024
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 5
Language English
License This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c346t-cd4e6762eedd6b29ad47f4ec9c48efb94937552aa592e93da2d7be1fc4b34d0f3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ORCID 0000-0002-4946-2156
0000-0003-3515-570X
0000-0002-3108-8311
OpenAccessLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8934655/
PMID 34908135
PQID 2610413541
PQPubID 23479
ParticipantIDs pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8934655
proquest_miscellaneous_2610413541
crossref_primary_10_1093_nar_gkab1209
pubmed_primary_34908135
oup_primary_10_1093_nar_gkab1209
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2022-03-21
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2022-03-21
PublicationDate_xml – month: 03
  year: 2022
  text: 2022-03-21
  day: 21
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace England
PublicationPlace_xml – name: England
PublicationTitle Nucleic acids research
PublicationTitleAlternate Nucleic Acids Res
PublicationYear 2022
Publisher Oxford University Press
Publisher_xml – name: Oxford University Press
References Löchel (2022032100015285900_B39) 2021; 19
He (2022032100015285900_B45) 2011
Hamming (2022032100015285900_B49) 1950; 29
Goldman (2022032100015285900_B8) 2013; 494
Campbell (2022032100015285900_B51) 2020; 14
Schwarz (2022032100015285900_B19) 2020; 36
Gaborit (2022032100015285900_B33) 2005; 334
Arita (2022032100015285900_B11) 2004; 20
Heider (2022032100015285900_B12) 2007; 8
Ceze (2022032100015285900_B1) 2019; 20
Limbachiya (2022032100015285900_B16) 2018; 22
Wang (2022032100015285900_B31) 2009
DNA data storage alliance (2022032100015285900_B17) 2021
Löchel (2022032100015285900_B20) 2020; 10
Chee (2022032100015285900_B34) 2008; 54
Joseph (2022032100015285900_B40) 2006; 7
Dubé (2022032100015285900_B30) 2019
Heckel (2022032100015285900_B18) 2019; 9
Minoche (2022032100015285900_B23) 2011; 12
Peitgen (2022032100015285900_B36) 2006
Zhirnov (2022032100015285900_B6) 2016; 15
Wang (2022032100015285900_B29) 2019; 23
He (2022032100015285900_B44) 2010; 18
Organick (2022032100015285900_B5) 2018; 36
Ma (2022032100015285900_B24) 2012; 16
Bancroft (2022032100015285900_B4) 2001; 293
Ahmed (2022032100015285900_B50) 2012; 21
Immink (2022032100015285900_B21) 2020; 8
Löchel (2022032100015285900_B43) 2020; 36
Song (2022032100015285900_B27) 2018; 22
Petoukhov (2022032100015285900_B46) 2009
Cao (2022032100015285900_B32) 2020; 8
Shendure (2022032100015285900_B25) 2017; 550
Dong (2022032100015285900_B2) 2020; 7
Jensen (2022032100015285900_B22) 2010; 5
Deaton (2022032100015285900_B52) 1996
Heider (2022032100015285900_B15) 2009; 2
Heider (2022032100015285900_B13) 2008; 9
Barnsley (2022032100015285900_B37) 2012
Erlich (2022032100015285900_B3) 2017; 355
Clelland (2022032100015285900_B10) 1999; 399
Schindler (2022032100015285900_B26) 2016; 5
Immink (2022032100015285900_B28) 2019; 23
Almeida (2022032100015285900_B42) 2001; 17
Deschavanne (2022032100015285900_B41) 1999; 16
Church (2022032100015285900_B7) 2012; 337
Heider (2022032100015285900_B14) 2008; 24
Hao (2022032100015285900_B47) 2000; 11
Mandelbrot (2022032100015285900_B35) 1982
Jeffrey (2022032100015285900_B38) 1990; 18
Anitas (2022032100015285900_B48) 2020; 21
Yachie (2022032100015285900_B9) 2007; 23
References_xml – volume: 5
  start-page: 1362
  year: 2016
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B26
  article-title: Design and assembly of DNA sequence libraries for chromosomal insertion in bacteria based on a set of modified MoClo vectors
  publication-title: ACS Synth. Biol.
  doi: 10.1021/acssynbio.6b00089
  contributor:
    fullname: Schindler
– volume: 18
  start-page: 2163
  year: 1990
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B38
  article-title: Chaos game representation of gene structure
  publication-title: Nucleic Acids Res.
  doi: 10.1093/nar/18.8.2163
  contributor:
    fullname: Jeffrey
– volume: 21
  start-page: 617
  year: 2012
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B50
  article-title: Dual-mode dual-band microstrip bandpass filter based on fourth iteration T-square fractal and shorting pin
  publication-title: Radioengineering
  contributor:
    fullname: Ahmed
– volume: 9
  start-page: 40
  year: 2008
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B13
  article-title: DNA watermarks: a proof of concept
  publication-title: BMC Mol. Biol.
  doi: 10.1186/1471-2199-9-40
  contributor:
    fullname: Heider
– volume: 24
  start-page: 1961
  year: 2008
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B14
  article-title: Watermarking sexually reproducing diploid organisms
  publication-title: Bioinformatics
  doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btn342
  contributor:
    fullname: Heider
– volume: 22
  start-page: 1972
  year: 2018
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B16
  article-title: Family of constrained codes for archival DNA data storage
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Lett.
  doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2018.2861867
  contributor:
    fullname: Limbachiya
– volume: 20
  start-page: 1605
  year: 2004
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B11
  article-title: Secret signatures inside genomic DNA
  publication-title: Biotechnol. Progr.
  doi: 10.1021/bp049917i
  contributor:
    fullname: Arita
– volume: 10
  start-page: 5750
  year: 2020
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B20
  article-title: Comparative analyses of error handling strategies for next-generation sequencing in precision medicine
  publication-title: Sci. Rep.-UK
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-62675-8
  contributor:
    fullname: Löchel
– volume: 8
  start-page: 176
  year: 2007
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B12
  article-title: DNA-based watermarks using the DNA-Crypt algorithm
  publication-title: BMC Bioinformatics
  doi: 10.1186/1471-2105-8-176
  contributor:
    fullname: Heider
– volume: 19
  start-page: 6263
  year: 2021
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B39
  article-title: Chaos game representation and its applications in bioinformatics
  publication-title: Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J.
  doi: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.11.008
  contributor:
    fullname: Löchel
– volume: 399
  start-page: 533
  year: 1999
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B10
  article-title: Hiding messages in DNA microdots
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/21092
  contributor:
    fullname: Clelland
– volume: 8
  start-page: 29547
  year: 2020
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B32
  article-title: K-means multi-verse optimizer (KMVO) algorithm to construct DNA storage codes
  publication-title: IEEE Access
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2970838
  contributor:
    fullname: Cao
– volume: 9
  start-page: 9663
  year: 2019
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B18
  article-title: A characterization of the DNA data storage channel
  publication-title: Sci. Rep.-UK
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-45832-6
  contributor:
    fullname: Heckel
– volume-title: Fractals Everywhere: New Edition
  year: 2012
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B37
  contributor:
    fullname: Barnsley
– volume: 20
  start-page: 456
  year: 2019
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B1
  article-title: Molecular digital data storage using DNA
  publication-title: Nat. Rev. Genet.
  doi: 10.1038/s41576-019-0125-3
  contributor:
    fullname: Ceze
– year: 2021
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B17
  article-title: Preserving our digital legacy: an introduction to DNA data storage
  contributor:
    fullname: DNA data storage alliance
– volume-title: Symmetrical Analysis Techniques for Genetic Systems and Bioinformatics: Advanced Patterns and Applications: Advanced Patterns and Applications
  year: 2009
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B46
  contributor:
    fullname: Petoukhov
– volume: 23
  start-page: 963
  year: 2019
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B29
  article-title: Construction of bio-constrained code for DNA data storage
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Lett.
  doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2019.2912572
  contributor:
    fullname: Wang
– volume: 337
  start-page: 1628
  year: 2012
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B7
  article-title: Next-generation digital information storage in DNA
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.1226355
  contributor:
    fullname: Church
– volume: 11
  start-page: 825
  year: 2000
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B47
  article-title: Fractals related to long DNA sequences and complete genomes
  publication-title: Chaos Solitons Fractals
  doi: 10.1016/S0960-0779(98)00182-9
  contributor:
    fullname: Hao
– volume: 14
  start-page: 297
  year: 2020
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B51
  article-title: On the visualization of large-order graph distance matrices
  publication-title: J. Math. Arts
  doi: 10.1080/17513472.2020.1766348
  contributor:
    fullname: Campbell
– volume: 12
  start-page: R112
  year: 2011
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B23
  article-title: Evaluation of genomic high-throughput sequencing data generated on Illumina HiSeq and Genome Analyzer systems
  publication-title: Genome Biol.
  doi: 10.1186/gb-2011-12-11-r112
  contributor:
    fullname: Minoche
– start-page: 247
  volume-title: DNA Based Computers
  year: 1996
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B52
  article-title: Good encodings for DNA-based solutions to combinatorial problems
  contributor:
    fullname: Deaton
– volume: 36
  start-page: 242
  year: 2018
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B5
  article-title: Random access in large-scale DNA data storage
  publication-title: Nat. Biotechnol.
  doi: 10.1038/nbt.4079
  contributor:
    fullname: Organick
– volume: 355
  start-page: 950
  year: 2017
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B3
  article-title: DNA Fountain enables a robust and efficient storage architecture
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.aaj2038
  contributor:
    fullname: Erlich
– volume: 29
  start-page: 147
  year: 1950
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B49
  article-title: Error detecting and error correcting codes
  publication-title: Bell Syst. Tech. J.
  doi: 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1950.tb00463.x
  contributor:
    fullname: Hamming
– volume: 8
  start-page: 49523
  year: 2020
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B21
  article-title: Properties and constructions of constrained codes for DNA-based data storage
  publication-title: IEEE Access
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2980036
  contributor:
    fullname: Immink
– volume: 16
  start-page: 1391
  year: 1999
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B41
  article-title: Genomic signature: characterization and classification of species assessed by chaos game representation of sequences
  publication-title: Mol. Biol. Evol.
  doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026048
  contributor:
    fullname: Deschavanne
– volume: 550
  start-page: 345
  year: 2017
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B25
  article-title: DNA sequencing at 40: past, present and future
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature24286
  contributor:
    fullname: Shendure
– volume-title: 2009 Fourth International on Conference on Bio-Inspired Computing
  year: 2009
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B31
  article-title: DNA codewords design using the improved NSGA-II algorithms
  doi: 10.1109/BICTA.2009.5338158
  contributor:
    fullname: Wang
– volume: 494
  start-page: 77
  year: 2013
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B8
  article-title: Towards practical, high-capacity, low-maintenance information storage in synthesized DNA
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature11875
  contributor:
    fullname: Goldman
– volume: 293
  start-page: 1763
  year: 2001
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B4
  article-title: Long-term storage of information in DNA
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.293.5536.1763c
  contributor:
    fullname: Bancroft
– volume-title: Chaos and Fractals: New Frontiers of Science
  year: 2006
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B36
  contributor:
    fullname: Peitgen
– volume: 36
  start-page: 272
  year: 2020
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B43
  article-title: Deep learning on chaos game representation for proteins
  publication-title: Bioinformatics
  doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz493
  contributor:
    fullname: Löchel
– volume: 21
  start-page: 4651
  year: 2020
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B48
  article-title: Small-angle scattering and multifractal analysis of DNA sequences
  publication-title: Int. J. Mol. Sci.
  doi: 10.3390/ijms21134651
  contributor:
    fullname: Anitas
– volume: 18
  start-page: 159
  year: 2010
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B44
  article-title: The genetic code, Hadamard matrices and algebraic biology
  publication-title: J. Biol. Syst.
  doi: 10.1142/S0218339010003688
  contributor:
    fullname: He
– volume: 2
  start-page: 125
  year: 2009
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B15
  article-title: DNA watermarks in non-coding regulatory sequences
  publication-title: BMC Res Notes
  doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-2-125
  contributor:
    fullname: Heider
– volume-title: Symposium on Information Theory and its Applications (SITA), Japan
  year: 2019
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B30
  article-title: DNA codes with run-length limitation and knuth-like balancing of the GC contents
  contributor:
    fullname: Dubé
– volume: 54
  start-page: 391
  year: 2008
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B34
  article-title: Improved lower bounds for constant GC-content DNA codes
  publication-title: IEEE T. Inform. Theory.
  doi: 10.1109/TIT.2007.911167
  contributor:
    fullname: Chee
– volume: 23
  start-page: 1676
  year: 2019
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B28
  article-title: Efficient balanced and maximum homopolymer-run restricted block codes for DNA-based data storage
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Lett.
  doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2019.2930970
  contributor:
    fullname: Immink
– volume: 7
  start-page: 1092
  year: 2020
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B2
  article-title: DNA storage: research landscape and future prospects
  publication-title: Nati. Sci. Rev.
  doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa007
  contributor:
    fullname: Dong
– volume: 23
  start-page: 501
  year: 2007
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B9
  article-title: Alignment-based approach for durable data storage into living organisms
  publication-title: Biotechnol. Progr.
  doi: 10.1021/bp060261y
  contributor:
    fullname: Yachie
– volume: 16
  start-page: 260
  year: 2012
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B24
  article-title: DNA synthesis, assembly and applications in synthetic biology
  publication-title: Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.05.001
  contributor:
    fullname: Ma
– volume: 334
  start-page: 99
  year: 2005
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B33
  article-title: Linear constructions for DNA codes
  publication-title: Theor. Comp. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.tcs.2004.11.004
  contributor:
    fullname: Gaborit
– volume-title: Mathematics of Bioinformatics: Theory, Methods and Applications
  year: 2011
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B45
  contributor:
    fullname: He
– volume: 15
  start-page: 366
  year: 2016
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B6
  article-title: Nucleic acid memory
  publication-title: Nat. Mater.
  doi: 10.1038/nmat4594
  contributor:
    fullname: Zhirnov
– volume: 36
  start-page: 3322
  year: 2020
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B19
  article-title: MESA: automated assessment of synthetic DNA fragments and simulation of DNA synthesis, storage, sequencing and PCR errors
  publication-title: Bioinformatics
  doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa140
  contributor:
    fullname: Schwarz
– volume: 7
  start-page: 243
  year: 2006
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B40
  article-title: Chaos game representation for comparison of whole genomes
  publication-title: BMC Bioinformatics
  doi: 10.1186/1471-2105-7-243
  contributor:
    fullname: Joseph
– volume: 22
  start-page: 2004
  year: 2018
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B27
  article-title: Codes with run-length and GC-content constraints for DNA-based data storage
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Lett.
  doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2018.2866566
  contributor:
    fullname: Song
– volume: 17
  start-page: 429
  year: 2001
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B42
  article-title: Analysis of genomic sequences by Chaos Game Representation
  publication-title: Bioinformatics
  doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/17.5.429
  contributor:
    fullname: Almeida
– volume: 5
  start-page: e11024
  year: 2010
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B22
  article-title: DMSO and betaine greatly improve amplification of GC-rich constructs in de novo synthesis
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011024
  contributor:
    fullname: Jensen
– volume-title: The Fractal Geometry of Nature
  year: 1982
  ident: 2022032100015285900_B35
  contributor:
    fullname: Mandelbrot
SSID ssj0014154
Score 2.506648
Snippet Abstract The use of complex biological molecules to solve computational problems is an emerging field at the interface between biology and computer science....
The use of complex biological molecules to solve computational problems is an emerging field at the interface between biology and computer science. There are...
SourceID pubmedcentral
proquest
crossref
pubmed
oup
SourceType Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage e30
SubjectTerms Computational Biology - methods
DNA
Fractals
Methods Online
Title Fractal construction of constrained code words for DNA storage systems
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34908135
https://search.proquest.com/docview/2610413541
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8934655
Volume 50
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1LS8NAEB7Ug3oRra_6YgX1FpPsbl7HUi1FaPWg0FvY7EOLNhWriP_e2U2i1ovgJRCyG8I3w85MZuYbgJMiUJJSpW1Wl3k85qGHZkF7iUnjRHEdqch2Iw-Gcf-OX42i0QJETS-MK9qXxfi8fJqcl-MHV1v5PJF-Uyfm3wy6aGMt7Ze_CIuooE2IXqcO0CJVnFGOYpOndbU7Ru5-KV78-0dR2H7RVVhmNukVukFv3yZprs3th7f5u2jyhxXqrcNa7T6STvWZG7CgyxZsdkoMnScf5Iy4gk73p7wFK91mmNsm9Hq2Gwp3yuk3ZSyZmvpeoK-piG1vJ-8Yjc4IurLkYtghtnYSTxxSET7PtuCud3nb7Xv1CAVPIkSvnkS4Yzzv0BKquKCZUDwxXMtM8lSbIuPonUQRFSLKqM6YElQlhQ6N5AXjKjBsG5bKaal3gShNU5MkWSpYzEUSCGNMnDKljNIZhm1tOG1QzJ8rpoy8ynCzHIHPG-DbQBDiP5YcN_jniJNNYYhST99mOcZ7AZrdiIdt2Knk8fWmRpxtSOYk9bXAMmnPP0EFc4zatULt_XvnPqxS2xcRMI-GB7CEgtSH6K28Fkcuyj9yOorX2-vRJxQp7k0
link.rule.ids 230,315,730,783,787,867,888,1607,27936,27937,53804,53806
linkProvider National Library of Medicine
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3JTsMwEB1BkYALYqesRgJuIYntbMeqUJWlFQeQuEWOF6igKaJFiL9nnAUoFySOUewoeuN4ZjJvngGOMk9JSpW2VV3m8JD7DroF7UQmDiPFdaAC243c64fdO355H9zPQFD3whSkfZkNTvPn4Wk-eCy4lS9D6dY8Mfem10Yfa2W_3FmYw-_V43WSXhUP0CeVqlGFyCaPK7475u5uLl7dhyeR2Y7RRZhntuzlF0e9fTulqUa3H_Hmb9rkDz_UWYalKoAkrfJFV2BG56uw1soxeR5-kBNSUDqLf-WrsNCuj3Nbg07H9kPhTDn6Fo0lI1NdC4w2FbEN7uQd89ExwWCWnPVbxLIncc8hpeTzeB3uOue37a5THaLgSARp4kgEPMQdD32hCjOaCMUjw7VMJI-1yRKO8UkQUCGChOqEKUFVlGnfSJ4xrjzDNqCRj3K9BURpGpsoSmLBQi4iTxhjwpgpZZROMHFrwnGNYvpSamWkZY2bpQh8WgPfBIIQ_zHksMY_RZxsEUPkevQ2TjHj89DxBtxvwmZpj68n1eZsQjRlqa8BVkt7-g4usUJTu1pS2_-eeQAL3dvedXp90b_agUVquyQ85lB_FxpoVL2Hscsk2y9W6ieLWe-S
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3JTsNADLVYJOCC2CnrIAG3kGRmsh2rQsRacQCJWzSZBSpoWlEQ4u_xZIGWCxLHKDNR9OyM7dh-BjjMPSUpVdpmdZnDQ-47aBa0E5k4jBTXgQpsN_JNNzy_55cPwcPYqK-yaF_mvZPipX9S9J7K2sphX7pNnZh7e9NBG2tpv9yhMu40zOI364VNoF4nENAuVcxRJdEmj-uad4zf3UK8uo_PIrddowswx2zqyy_Hvf0YpolmtzGf83fp5JgtSpdgsXYiSbt62WWY0sUKrLYLDKD7n-SYlGWd5f_yFZjvNCPdViFNbU8U7pSDH-JYMjD1tUCPUxHb5E4-MCYdEXRoyWm3TWwFJZ47pKJ9Hq3BfXp21zl36kEKjkSg3hyJoId46qE9VGFOE6F4ZLiWieSxNnnC0UcJAipEkFCdMCWoinLtG8lzxpVn2DrMFINCbwJRmsYmipJYsJCLyBPGmDBmShmlEwzeWnDUoJgNK76MrMpzswyBzxrgW0AQ4j-WHDT4Z4iTTWSIQg_eRxlGfR4a34D7Ldio5PH9pEacLYgmJPW9wPJpT95BNSt5tWu12vr3zn2Yuz1Ns-uL7tU2LFDbKOExh_o7MIMy1bvovrzle6WifgH5vvCl
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fractal+construction+of+constrained+code+words+for+DNA+storage+systems&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+acids+research&rft.au=L%C3%B6chel%2C+Hannah+F&rft.au=Welzel%2C+Marius&rft.au=Hattab%2C+Georges&rft.au=Hauschild%2C+Anne-Christin&rft.date=2022-03-21&rft.eissn=1362-4962&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=e30&rft.epage=e30&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgkab1209&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0305-1048&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0305-1048&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0305-1048&client=summon