Soil quality response to organic amendments on dryland red soil in subtropical China

•Organic input can improve soil quality by the interaction of soil properties.•Use animal-derived organic fertilizer had better soil quality than plant-derived.•AP, AN, GP and AK were selected as a minimum data set for evaluating soil quality.•Information from soil indicators is integrated into a st...

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Published inGeoderma Vol. 373; p. 114416
Main Authors Li, Peng, Wu, Mengcheng, Kang, Guodong, Zhu, Baijing, Li, Huixin, Hu, Feng, Jiao, Jiaguo
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier B.V 15.08.2020
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Abstract •Organic input can improve soil quality by the interaction of soil properties.•Use animal-derived organic fertilizer had better soil quality than plant-derived.•AP, AN, GP and AK were selected as a minimum data set for evaluating soil quality.•Information from soil indicators is integrated into a standardization framework.•Appropriate methods of scoring and weighting are determined in the framework. Organic fertilizer applications can increase soil fertility and productivity and reduce chemical fertilizer use. However, few experimental studies have focused on effects of organic fertilizers on soil quality in a field ecosystem. The overarching goal of this study was to develop a soil quality index (SQI) for fertilization management in red soil farmland in China. The specific objectives were to determine 1) appropriate soil quality indicators, 2) a suitable weight assignment method (PCA, principal component analysis or MRA, multiple regression analysis) and 3) the optimal scoring function (standard or linear or non-linear). We analyzed 40 soil physical, chemical, biochemical and biological properties under nine fertilization treatments (CK (no fertilizer), CF (chemical fertilizer), RF (60% chemical fertilizer), CFS (chemical fertilizer + straw), RFS (60% chemical fertilizer + straw), CFB (chemical fertilizer + biochar), RFB (60% chemical fertilizer + biochar), RFP (60% chemical fertilizer + pig manure), RFV (60% chemical fertilizer + vermicompost)) as potential soil quality indicators. Principal component analysis and correlation analysis were applied to determine the indicators responsive to management and for the confirmation of the six SQIs. Available phosphorous, nitrogen, potassium and gram-positive bacteria were chosen as the minimum data set from the total of 40 soil indictors. Management of organic and inorganic fertilizers affected each soil property in different ways, and the index based on the minimum data set, calculated using standard scoring function and weight assignment method of multiple regression analysis, was most accurate and sensitive. Application of a pig manure or vermicompost significantly increased SQI values relative to other treatments, followed by straw or biochar treatments which were higher than a single application of chemical fertilizer. These results indicate that the addition of organic fertilizers will not only improve soil quality, but also enhance rapeseed and sweet potato yield compared to chemical fertilizers. Additionally, the SQI method can provide a practical and quantitative tool for the evaluation of soil quality.
AbstractList Organic fertilizer applications can increase soil fertility and productivity and reduce chemical fertilizer use. However, few experimental studies have focused on effects of organic fertilizers on soil quality in a field ecosystem. The overarching goal of this study was to develop a soil quality index (SQI) for fertilization management in red soil farmland in China. The specific objectives were to determine 1) appropriate soil quality indicators, 2) a suitable weight assignment method (PCA, principal component analysis or MRA, multiple regression analysis) and 3) the optimal scoring function (standard or linear or non-linear). We analyzed 40 soil physical, chemical, biochemical and biological properties under nine fertilization treatments (CK (no fertilizer), CF (chemical fertilizer), RF (60% chemical fertilizer), CFS (chemical fertilizer + straw), RFS (60% chemical fertilizer + straw), CFB (chemical fertilizer + biochar), RFB (60% chemical fertilizer + biochar), RFP (60% chemical fertilizer + pig manure), RFV (60% chemical fertilizer + vermicompost)) as potential soil quality indicators. Principal component analysis and correlation analysis were applied to determine the indicators responsive to management and for the confirmation of the six SQIs. Available phosphorous, nitrogen, potassium and gram-positive bacteria were chosen as the minimum data set from the total of 40 soil indictors. Management of organic and inorganic fertilizers affected each soil property in different ways, and the index based on the minimum data set, calculated using standard scoring function and weight assignment method of multiple regression analysis, was most accurate and sensitive. Application of a pig manure or vermicompost significantly increased SQI values relative to other treatments, followed by straw or biochar treatments which were higher than a single application of chemical fertilizer. These results indicate that the addition of organic fertilizers will not only improve soil quality, but also enhance rapeseed and sweet potato yield compared to chemical fertilizers. Additionally, the SQI method can provide a practical and quantitative tool for the evaluation of soil quality.
•Organic input can improve soil quality by the interaction of soil properties.•Use animal-derived organic fertilizer had better soil quality than plant-derived.•AP, AN, GP and AK were selected as a minimum data set for evaluating soil quality.•Information from soil indicators is integrated into a standardization framework.•Appropriate methods of scoring and weighting are determined in the framework. Organic fertilizer applications can increase soil fertility and productivity and reduce chemical fertilizer use. However, few experimental studies have focused on effects of organic fertilizers on soil quality in a field ecosystem. The overarching goal of this study was to develop a soil quality index (SQI) for fertilization management in red soil farmland in China. The specific objectives were to determine 1) appropriate soil quality indicators, 2) a suitable weight assignment method (PCA, principal component analysis or MRA, multiple regression analysis) and 3) the optimal scoring function (standard or linear or non-linear). We analyzed 40 soil physical, chemical, biochemical and biological properties under nine fertilization treatments (CK (no fertilizer), CF (chemical fertilizer), RF (60% chemical fertilizer), CFS (chemical fertilizer + straw), RFS (60% chemical fertilizer + straw), CFB (chemical fertilizer + biochar), RFB (60% chemical fertilizer + biochar), RFP (60% chemical fertilizer + pig manure), RFV (60% chemical fertilizer + vermicompost)) as potential soil quality indicators. Principal component analysis and correlation analysis were applied to determine the indicators responsive to management and for the confirmation of the six SQIs. Available phosphorous, nitrogen, potassium and gram-positive bacteria were chosen as the minimum data set from the total of 40 soil indictors. Management of organic and inorganic fertilizers affected each soil property in different ways, and the index based on the minimum data set, calculated using standard scoring function and weight assignment method of multiple regression analysis, was most accurate and sensitive. Application of a pig manure or vermicompost significantly increased SQI values relative to other treatments, followed by straw or biochar treatments which were higher than a single application of chemical fertilizer. These results indicate that the addition of organic fertilizers will not only improve soil quality, but also enhance rapeseed and sweet potato yield compared to chemical fertilizers. Additionally, the SQI method can provide a practical and quantitative tool for the evaluation of soil quality.
ArticleNumber 114416
Author Wu, Mengcheng
Zhu, Baijing
Li, Peng
Kang, Guodong
Li, Huixin
Hu, Feng
Jiao, Jiaguo
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  givenname: Peng
  surname: Li
  fullname: Li, Peng
  organization: College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang, No. 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
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  givenname: Guodong
  surname: Kang
  fullname: Kang, Guodong
  organization: College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang, No. 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
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  givenname: Baijing
  surname: Zhu
  fullname: Zhu, Baijing
  organization: College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang, No. 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
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  givenname: Huixin
  surname: Li
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  givenname: Feng
  surname: Hu
  fullname: Hu, Feng
  organization: College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang, No. 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
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  givenname: Jiaguo
  surname: Jiao
  fullname: Jiao, Jiaguo
  email: jiaguojiao@njau.edu.cn
  organization: College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang, No. 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
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Soil quality
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Soil quality index
Red soil
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Snippet •Organic input can improve soil quality by the interaction of soil properties.•Use animal-derived organic fertilizer had better soil quality than...
Organic fertilizer applications can increase soil fertility and productivity and reduce chemical fertilizer use. However, few experimental studies have focused...
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SubjectTerms agricultural land
arid lands
biochar
China
data collection
ecosystems
fertilizer application
Method comparison
mineral fertilizers
nitrogen
Organic fertilizers
phosphorus
pig manure
potassium
principal component analysis
rapeseed
Red soil
regression analysis
soil fertility
soil properties
Soil quality
Soil quality index
straw
sweet potatoes
vermicomposts
Title Soil quality response to organic amendments on dryland red soil in subtropical China
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114416
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