Formation, Meltout Processes and Landscape Alteration of High-Arctic Ice-Cored Moraines-Examples From Nordenskiold Land, Central Spitsbergen
The debris-covered ice-margins of three largely cold-based glaciers in central Spitsbergen were investigated to reconstruct their formation and degradation. Clast shapes indicate dominant englacial and supraglacial transport with a smaller subglacial component. Emplacement of material is inferred to...
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Published in | Polar geography (1995) Vol. 29; no. 3; pp. 157 - 187 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Palm Beach, FL
Taylor & Francis Group
01.07.2005
Winston |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Abstract | The debris-covered ice-margins of three largely cold-based glaciers in central Spitsbergen were investigated to reconstruct their formation and degradation. Clast shapes indicate dominant englacial and supraglacial transport with a smaller subglacial component. Emplacement of material is inferred to have been through meltout along flowlines due to the relatively uniform and continuous debris cover along the glacier margins; no evidence of thrusting has been found. Degradation of all three belts is rapid and involves debris flows at unstable places-e.g., the margins of meltwater channels. Resultant exposure of underlying ice initiates or accelerates melting, thereby leading to further debris flows. Hence, once degradation starts, a self-reinforcing cycle that removes material from the glacier commences. Landform preservation potential on millennial time scales in a high-arctic, continuous permafrost environment is thus limited. This work has implications for the interpretation of Pleistocene landform associations that use modern analogues from Svalbard. |
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AbstractList | The debris-covered ice-margins of three largely cold-based glaciers in central Spitsbergen were investigated to reconstruct their formation and degradation. Clast shapes indicate dominant englacial and supraglacial transport with a smaller subglacial component. Emplacement of material is inferred to have been through meltout along flowlines due to the relatively uniform and continuous debris cover along the glacier margins; no evidence of thrusting has been found. Degradation of all three belts is rapid and involves debris flows at unstable places-e.g., the margins of meltwater channels. Resultant exposure of underlying ice initiates or accelerates melting, thereby leading to further debris flows. Hence, once degradation starts, a self-reinforcing cycle that removes material from the glacier commences. Landform preservation potential on millennial time scales in a high-arctic, continuous permafrost environment is thus limited. This work has implications for the interpretation of Pleistocene landform associations that use modern analogues from Svalbard. |
Author | Lukas, Sven Humlum, Ole Nicholson, Lindsey I. Ross, Fionna H. |
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Copyright | Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 2005 Tous droits réservés © Prodig - Bibliographie Géographique Internationale (BGI), 2006 |
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Keywords | Degradation Sedimentology Moraine Debris flow Geomorphology Glacier Landform evolution |
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Title | Formation, Meltout Processes and Landscape Alteration of High-Arctic Ice-Cored Moraines-Examples From Nordenskiold Land, Central Spitsbergen |
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