Calibrating sample and hold stages with pruned Volterra kernels

• Published in: Electronics letters Vol. 51; no. 25; pp. 2094 - 2096
• Main Authors: Centurelli, F, Monsurrò, P, Rosato, F, Ruscio, D, Trifiletti, A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: The Institution of Engineering and Technology 10.12.2015
• Subjects: amplifier nonlinearity; calibration; Circuits and systems; CMOS integrated circuits; CMOS switch nonideality; correct distortions; deep submicron technology; gain 12.2 dB; gain 18.4 dB; gain 8.5 dB; iterative pruning; pruned Volterra kernels; sample and hold circuits; sample and hold stages; size 45 nm; STMicroelectronics; switched capacitor; switched capacitor networks; Volterra equations; gain 8.5 dB; pruned Volterra kernels; Volterra equations; iterative pruning; amplifier nonlinearity; deep submicron technology; gain 12.2 dB; sample and hold circuits; switched capacitor; correct distortions; sample and hold stages; STMicroelectronics; switched capacitor networks; CMOS integrated circuits; size 45 nm; calibration; CMOS switch nonideality; gain 18.4 dB
• DOI: 10.1049/el.2015.3269
• ISSN: 0013-5194; 1350-911X

Switched capacitor sample and hold (SHA) stages in deep submicron technologies can achieve hundreds of mega samples per second of sampling frequency, but are affected by several nonlinear effects which reduce their signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR): CMOS switch non-idealities, amplifier nonlinearity, and incomplete settling. It is possible to model and correct distortions using Volterra kernels, which can be rather resource-consuming as the number of parameters to estimate rapid increases with the order and length of the kernels. In this reported work, it is shown that a switched capacitor SHA, simulated using the 45 nm process by STMicroelectronics, can be calibrated to achieve a 10–24 dB improvement in SNDR. Computational costs are kept low using a different lag value for each kernel, and iteratively pruning the elements of the Volterra kernels which affect linearity the least. A technique for estimation and out-of-sample validation is presented and robustness checks are performed. A performance gain of 8.5 dB can be achieved with as few as 17 correction parameters, while 21 coefficients are enough to gain 12.2 dB, and 36 to gain 18.4 dB.