Real-World COVID-19 Vaccine Protection Rates against Infection in the Delta and Omicron Eras
The real-world vaccine protection rates (VPRs) against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection are critical in formulating future vaccination strategies against the virus. Based on a varying coefficient stochastic epidemic model, we obtain 7 countries' real-wo...
Saved in:
| Published in | Research (Washington) Vol. 6; p. 0099 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
AAAS
2023
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | The real-world vaccine protection rates (VPRs) against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection are critical in formulating future vaccination strategies against the virus. Based on a varying coefficient stochastic epidemic model, we obtain 7 countries' real-world VPRs using daily epidemiological and vaccination data, and find that the VPRs improved with more vaccine doses. The average VPR of the full vaccination was 82% (SE: 4%) and 61% (SE: 3%) in the pre-Delta and Delta-dominated periods, respectively. The Omicron variant reduced the average VPR of the full vaccination to 39% (SE: 2%). However, the booster dose restored the VPR to 63% (SE: 1%) which was significantly above the 50% threshold in the Omicron-dominated period. Scenario analyses show that the existing vaccination strategies have significantly delayed and reduced the timing and the magnitude of the infection peaks, respectively, and doubling the existing booster coverage would lead to 29% fewer confirmed cases and 17% fewer deaths in the 7 countries compared to the outcomes at the existing booster taking rates. These call for higher full vaccine and booster coverage for all countries. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The real-world vaccine protection rates (VPRs) against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection are critical in formulating future vaccination strategies against the virus. Based on a varying coefficient stochastic epidemic model, we obtain 7 countries’ real-world VPRs using daily epidemiological and vaccination data, and find that the VPRs improved with more vaccine doses. The average VPR of the full vaccination was 82% (SE: 4%) and 61% (SE: 3%) in the pre-Delta and Delta-dominated periods, respectively. The Omicron variant reduced the average VPR of the full vaccination to 39% (SE: 2%). However, the booster dose restored the VPR to 63% (SE: 1%) which was significantly above the 50% threshold in the Omicron-dominated period. Scenario analyses show that the existing vaccination strategies have significantly delayed and reduced the timing and the magnitude of the infection peaks, respectively, and doubling the existing booster coverage would lead to 29% fewer confirmed cases and 17% fewer deaths in the 7 countries compared to the outcomes at the existing booster taking rates. These call for higher full vaccine and booster coverage for all countries. |
| Author | Qiu, Yumou Gu, Jia Zhu, Yuru Chen, Song Xi |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 School of Mathematical Science and Guanghua School of Management , Peking University , Beijing , China 1 Center for Statistical Science , Peking University , Beijing , China 4 Pazhou Lab , Guangzhou , China 2 Department of Statistics , Iowa State University , Ames, IA , USA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Department of Statistics , Iowa State University , Ames, IA , USA – name: 1 Center for Statistical Science , Peking University , Beijing , China – name: 4 Pazhou Lab , Guangzhou , China – name: 3 School of Mathematical Science and Guanghua School of Management , Peking University , Beijing , China |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Yuru surname: Zhu fullname: Zhu, Yuru organization: Center for Statistical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Jia surname: Gu fullname: Gu, Jia organization: Center for Statistical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Yumou surname: Qiu fullname: Qiu, Yumou organization: Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Song Xi surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Song Xi organization: Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou, China |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37223465$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNpVkc9rVDEQx4NUbK29epQcvbw1v95LchJpqy4UVorWixCSvMluytukJlnB_95nd1va0wwz3_nMMN_X6CjlBAi9pWTBBeX8Q4EKtvjNghCtX6ATNnDd9UyKoyf5MTqr9ZYQwqicZf0rdMwlY1wM_Qn6dQ126n7mMo34fHWzvOioxjfW-5gAfyu5gW8xJ3xtG1Rs1zam2vAyhUM9Jtw2gC9gahbbNOLVNvoyNy6LrW_Qy2CnCmeHeIp-fL78fv61u1p9WZ5_uuo8F6x1GpRwAaSVDPwYBAkyBCVGpZkaqOdD7_qBBUlC76TT0sHggiXKy5GJMWh-ipZ77pjtrbkrcWvLX5NtNPeFXNbGlhb9BIZ453oYyWD7XjBHldKDYiqogXmmvZxZH_esu53bwughtWKnZ9DnnRQ3Zp3_GErY_GHFZsL7A6Hk3zuozWxj9TBNNkHeVcMUVVJIwegsXeyl88tqLRAe91Bi7i02Dxab_xbPA--eXvcofzCU_wNwUKUk |
| Cites_doi | 10.1038/s41467-022-30884-6 10.1038/s41591-021-01334-5 10.1016/j.rinp.2022.105774 10.1038/s41562-021-01122-8 10.1056/NEJMoa2034577 10.1016/j.rinp.2021.105046 10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00219-6 10.1101/2022.08.08.22278571 10.1001/jama.2022.0470 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100452 10.1056/NEJMoa2105290 10.1056/NEJMc2103916 10.1038/s41591-022-01699-1 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032 10.1038/s41598-021-86873-0 10.1098/rspa.2020.0440 10.1056/NEJMoa2108891 10.1056/NEJMoa2119451 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02183-8 10.1093/jtm/taac109 10.1056/NEJMc2201821 10.1038/s41586-022-04411-y 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00100-3 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32661-1 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.37257 10.1038/s41586-021-03777-9 10.1038/s41586-020-2554-8 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003346 10.1038/s41467-022-31839-7 10.1007/b13794 10.1080/01621459.2021.1897015 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100453 10.2139/ssrn.3822780 10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00345-0 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2023 Yuru Zhu et al. Copyright © 2023 Yuru Zhu et al. 2023 Yuru Zhu et al. |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: Copyright © 2023 Yuru Zhu et al. – notice: Copyright © 2023 Yuru Zhu et al. 2023 Yuru Zhu et al. |
| DBID | NPM AAYXX CITATION 7X8 5PM DOA |
| DOI | 10.34133/research.0099 |
| DatabaseName | PubMed CrossRef MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) Directory of Open Access Journals |
| DatabaseTitle | PubMed CrossRef MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | CrossRef PubMed |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Sciences (General) |
| EISSN | 2639-5274 |
| EndPage | 0099 |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_0cbb5ed06a5542b18896828f862c29c7 10_34133_research_0099 37223465 |
| Genre | Journal Article |
| GroupedDBID | ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS GROUPED_DOAJ HYE NPM OK1 PGMZT RPM AAYXX CITATION 7X8 5PM |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c342t-9e84bfe7a72ecdf40f7ff84d892861c365b562f70f5b7b97be6bfa08c7d24df93 |
| IEDL.DBID | RPM |
| ISSN | 2639-5274 |
| IngestDate | Tue Oct 22 15:15:34 EDT 2024 Tue Sep 17 21:32:05 EDT 2024 Fri Aug 16 22:57:18 EDT 2024 Fri Aug 23 02:11:38 EDT 2024 Sat Sep 28 08:18:58 EDT 2024 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Language | English |
| License | Copyright © 2023 Yuru Zhu et al. Exclusive licensee Science and Technology Review Publishing House. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY 4.0). |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c342t-9e84bfe7a72ecdf40f7ff84d892861c365b562f70f5b7b97be6bfa08c7d24df93 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10202182/ |
| PMID | 37223465 |
| PQID | 2818747421 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| PageCount | 1 |
| ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_0cbb5ed06a5542b18896828f862c29c7 pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10202182 proquest_miscellaneous_2818747421 crossref_primary_10_34133_research_0099 pubmed_primary_37223465 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2023-00-00 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2023-01-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – year: 2023 text: 2023-00-00 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | United States |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: United States |
| PublicationTitle | Research (Washington) |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Research (Wash D C) |
| PublicationYear | 2023 |
| Publisher | AAAS American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) |
| Publisher_xml | – name: AAAS – name: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) |
| References | e_1_3_4_3_2 e_1_3_4_2_2 Tian T (e_1_3_4_20_2) 2021; 116 Gu J (e_1_3_4_37_2) 2021; 38 e_1_3_4_9_2 e_1_3_4_4_2 Sohail A (e_1_3_4_15_2) 2022; 33 Dashtbali M (e_1_3_4_17_2) 2021; 11 Guan W (e_1_3_4_41_2) 2020; 382 e_1_3_4_43_2 e_1_3_4_42_2 e_1_3_4_26_2 e_1_3_4_27_2 e_1_3_4_24_2 Cerqueira-Silva T (e_1_3_4_14_2) 2022; 13 e_1_3_4_25_2 Michlmayr D (e_1_3_4_36_2) 2022; 20 Bernal JL (e_1_3_4_6_2) 2021; 385 e_1_3_4_28_2 e_1_3_4_29_2 Voysey M (e_1_3_4_5_2) 2021; 397 Murray CJ (e_1_3_4_40_2) 2022; 399 Andrews N (e_1_3_4_22_2) 2022; 28 Medić S (e_1_3_4_33_2) 2022; 20 Tartof SY (e_1_3_4_7_2) 2021; 398 e_1_3_4_30_2 Mathieu E (e_1_3_4_23_2) 2021; 5 Chemaitelly H (e_1_3_4_34_2) 2022; 29 e_1_3_4_11_2 McMenamin ME (e_1_3_4_13_2) 2022; 22 e_1_3_4_12_2 e_1_3_4_32_2 e_1_3_4_31_2 Patalon T (e_1_3_4_8_2) 2022; 13 Yu Z (e_1_3_4_16_2) 2022; 39 e_1_3_4_35_2 e_1_3_4_19_2 Yan H (e_1_3_4_21_2) 2021; 477 e_1_3_4_18_2 Yoon SK (e_1_3_4_10_2) 2022; 386 Ma Q (e_1_3_4_39_2) 2021; 4 Buitrago-Garcia D (e_1_3_4_38_2) 2020; 17 |
| References_xml | – volume: 13 issue: 1 year: 2022 ident: e_1_3_4_8_2 article-title: Waning effectiveness of the third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine publication-title: Nat Commun doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-30884-6 contributor: fullname: Patalon T – ident: e_1_3_4_18_2 doi: 10.1038/s41591-021-01334-5 – volume: 39 year: 2022 ident: e_1_3_4_16_2 article-title: Modeling the crossover behavior of the bacterial infection with the COVID-19 epidemics publication-title: Results Phys doi: 10.1016/j.rinp.2022.105774 contributor: fullname: Yu Z – volume: 5 start-page: 947 issue: 7 year: 2021 ident: e_1_3_4_23_2 article-title: A global database of COVID-19 vaccinations publication-title: Nat Hum Behav doi: 10.1038/s41562-021-01122-8 contributor: fullname: Mathieu E – ident: e_1_3_4_4_2 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2034577 – volume: 38 start-page: 114 issue: 9 year: 2021 ident: e_1_3_4_37_2 article-title: The effect of population migration and Wuhan lockdown on the control of COVID-19 based on vSEIdRm model publication-title: Stat Res contributor: fullname: Gu J – volume: 33 year: 2022 ident: e_1_3_4_15_2 article-title: Piecewise differentiation of the fractional order CAR-T cells-SARS-2 virus model publication-title: Results Phys doi: 10.1016/j.rinp.2021.105046 contributor: fullname: Sohail A – ident: e_1_3_4_31_2 – ident: e_1_3_4_35_2 doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00219-6 – ident: e_1_3_4_42_2 doi: 10.1101/2022.08.08.22278571 – ident: e_1_3_4_29_2 doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.0470 – volume: 20 year: 2022 ident: e_1_3_4_36_2 article-title: Observed protection against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection following a primary infection: A Danish cohort study among unvaccinated using two years of nationwide PCR-test data publication-title: Lancet Reg Health Eur doi: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100452 contributor: fullname: Michlmayr D – ident: e_1_3_4_26_2 – ident: e_1_3_4_12_2 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2105290 – ident: e_1_3_4_27_2 doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2103916 – ident: e_1_3_4_28_2 – volume: 28 start-page: 831 issue: 4 year: 2022 ident: e_1_3_4_22_2 article-title: Effectiveness of COVID-19 booster vaccines against COVID-19-related symptoms, hospitalization and death in England publication-title: Nat Med doi: 10.1038/s41591-022-01699-1 contributor: fullname: Andrews N – volume: 382 start-page: 1708 issue: 18 year: 2020 ident: e_1_3_4_41_2 article-title: Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032 contributor: fullname: Guan W – volume: 11 issue: 1 year: 2021 ident: e_1_3_4_17_2 article-title: A compartmental model that predicts the effect of social distancing and vaccination on controlling COVID-19 publication-title: Sci Rep doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-86873-0 contributor: fullname: Dashtbali M – volume: 477 issue: 2248 year: 2021 ident: e_1_3_4_21_2 article-title: Better strategies for containing COVID-19 pandemic: A study of 25 countries via a vSIADR model publication-title: Proc R Soc A doi: 10.1098/rspa.2020.0440 contributor: fullname: Yan H – ident: e_1_3_4_25_2 – volume: 385 start-page: 585 issue: 7 year: 2021 ident: e_1_3_4_6_2 article-title: Effectiveness of Covid-19 vaccines against the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2108891 contributor: fullname: Bernal JL – ident: e_1_3_4_9_2 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2119451 – volume: 398 start-page: 1407 issue: 10309 year: 2021 ident: e_1_3_4_7_2 article-title: Effectiveness of mRNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine up to 6 months in a large integrated health system in the USA: A retrospective cohort study publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02183-8 contributor: fullname: Tartof SY – ident: e_1_3_4_30_2 – volume: 29 issue: 8 year: 2022 ident: e_1_3_4_34_2 article-title: Duration of immune protection of SARS-CoV-2 natural infection against reinfection publication-title: J Travel Med doi: 10.1093/jtm/taac109 contributor: fullname: Chemaitelly H – volume: 386 start-page: 1855 issue: 19 year: 2022 ident: e_1_3_4_10_2 article-title: Protection with a third dose of mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants in frontline workers publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2201821 contributor: fullname: Yoon SK – ident: e_1_3_4_2_2 doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04411-y – volume: 399 start-page: 417 issue: 10323 year: 2022 ident: e_1_3_4_40_2 article-title: COVID-19 will continue but the end of the pandemic is near publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00100-3 contributor: fullname: Murray CJ – volume: 397 start-page: 99 issue: 10269 year: 2021 ident: e_1_3_4_5_2 article-title: Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: An interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32661-1 contributor: fullname: Voysey M – volume: 4 issue: 12 year: 2021 ident: e_1_3_4_39_2 article-title: Global percentage of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections among the tested population and individuals with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis publication-title: JAMA Netw Open doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.37257 contributor: fullname: Ma Q – ident: e_1_3_4_3_2 doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03777-9 – ident: e_1_3_4_19_2 doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2554-8 – ident: e_1_3_4_24_2 – ident: e_1_3_4_32_2 – volume: 17 year: 2020 ident: e_1_3_4_38_2 article-title: Occurrence and transmission potential of asymptomatic and presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections: A living systematic review and meta-analysis publication-title: PLOS Med doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003346 contributor: fullname: Buitrago-Garcia D – volume: 13 start-page: 4154 issue: 1 year: 2022 ident: e_1_3_4_14_2 article-title: Duration of protection of CoronaVac plus heterologous BNT162b2 booster in the Omicron period in Brazil publication-title: Nat Commun doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-31839-7 contributor: fullname: Cerqueira-Silva T – ident: e_1_3_4_43_2 doi: 10.1007/b13794 – volume: 116 start-page: 481 issue: 534 year: 2021 ident: e_1_3_4_20_2 article-title: The effects of stringent and mild interventions for coronavirus pandemic publication-title: J Am Stat Assoc doi: 10.1080/01621459.2021.1897015 contributor: fullname: Tian T – volume: 20 year: 2022 ident: e_1_3_4_33_2 article-title: Risk and severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections during 2020–2022 in vojvodina, Serbia: A population-level observational study publication-title: Lancet Reg Health Eur doi: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100453 contributor: fullname: Medić S – ident: e_1_3_4_11_2 doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3822780 – volume: 22 start-page: 1435 issue: 10 year: 2022 ident: e_1_3_4_13_2 article-title: Vaccine effectiveness of one, two, and three doses of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac against covid-19 in Hong Kong: A population-based observational study publication-title: Lancet Infect Dis doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00345-0 contributor: fullname: McMenamin ME |
| SSID | ssj0002170995 |
| Score | 2.2611794 |
| Snippet | The real-world vaccine protection rates (VPRs) against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection are critical in formulating... |
| SourceID | doaj pubmedcentral proquest crossref pubmed |
| SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database |
| StartPage | 0099 |
| SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: Directory of Open Access Journals dbid: DOA link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrZ1NT9wwEIatilMvqFBotwVkJCToISVxJv44wi4IOBSEAHGoFPkTVmpNxS7_n3GcRbsIqReuSaSMZmLPM_H4NSE7lTIG06wqJNhQQOXqQnGseVQJAkyjMGd1Xb6_-Mk1nN02t3NHfaWesCwPnB23X1pjGu9KrjHxMVNJqThWCQFJ3DJl8z7yUs0VU2kORtBG9GmySmOaqOv9Xjzn_meCooUs1In1v0WYrxsl5zLP8Sey3CMjPcimrpAPPq6SlX5QTuherxz94zP5fYnYV3T9MXR4fnM6KipFb7RNi-f0IisyYBzoZQJMqu_0GOGQnvb9WJGOI0UepCP_Z6qpjo6e_039epEePerJGrk-ProanhT98QmFrYFNC-UlmOCFFsxbF6AMIgQJTiomeWVr3hiEnyDK0BhhlDCem6BLaYVj4IKq18lSfIj-K6HggJeOMwjAwYNVVYO2W4mZzjPHmgHZnbmz_ZdVMlqsLjrHtzPHt8nxA3KYvP3yVFK37i5gzNs-5u3_Yj4g27NYtTga0hKHjv7hadImbSsskIBVA_Ilx-7lVbVAFAKOxsqFqC7Ysngnju87xW2ksE7q_tt7WP-dfExn1uf_OBtkafr45DeRbKZmq_uInwEjmvZV priority: 102 providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Title | Real-World COVID-19 Vaccine Protection Rates against Infection in the Delta and Omicron Eras |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37223465 https://search.proquest.com/docview/2818747421 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC10202182 https://doaj.org/article/0cbb5ed06a5542b18896828f862c29c7 |
| Volume | 6 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1LT9wwELaAUy9V6XNpi1ypUttDdhNn4sexXUBQqQWhgjhUivyElVgv2l3-f8dOgtiqp17zUEYzY8839pfPhHyslDFYZlUhwYYCKlcXimPPo0oQYBqFNSuzfH_y4wv4ftVcbRE-_AuTSfvWzMbxdj6Os5vMrbyb28nAE5uc_ZhiUczK45Ntso0Z-qhHT_MvgmyEPU2n0Jgm6XrSC-fcjBMg2qhAWaj_X-jyb5Lko6pz9Iw87eEi_dqZtUu2fHxOdvsBuaKfe9XoLy_I73OEfEXmxtDp6eXJQVEpeqlt2jinZ50aA8aAnidwSfW1niEwpCc9FyvSWaSIBemBv11rqqOjp_PE1Yv0cKlXL8nF0eGv6XHRH51Q2BrYulBeggleaMG8dQHKIEKQ4KRikle25o1B4BNEGRojjBLGcxN0Ka1wDFxQ9SuyExfRvyEUHPDScQYBOHiwqmrQdiuxynnmWDMinwZ3tnedQkaLnUV2fDs4vk2OH5FvydsPTyVl63xhsbxu-_i2pTWm8a7kGoEOM5WUimNXGLDzskxZMSIfhli1OBLS9oaOfnG_apOuFTZHwKoRed3F7uFTtUAYBByNlRtR3bBl8w4mX1bbHpJt7_9ffUuepFPqu5Wbd2Rnvbz37xHLrM1-XgPYzwn8B3Ip9ts |
| link.rule.ids | 230,315,730,783,787,867,888,2109,4032,27936,27937,27938,53805,53807 |
| linkProvider | National Library of Medicine |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1Lb9QwELZKOcAFKM8tLyMhAYfsJo7jxxG2rXahL1Vt6QEpil_tql1vtZu98OsZO0nVrbjA1U6USWbG80385QtCHzOpFJRZmQiqXUIzkyeSQc8jU8qpKiTUrMjy3WejE_r9rDhbQ6z7FiaS9rWa9P3VtO8nF5FbeT3Vg44nNjjcG0JRjMrjg3voPiRsWtzq0sMKDDAbgE_RaDSGZToftNI5F_0AiVZqUJTq_xu-vEuTvFV3dh6jn53FDd3ksr-sVV__viPm-O-39AQ9aqEo_trMb6A165-ijTbZF_hzq0j95Rn6dQRwMom8Gzw8OB1vJZnEp5UOm_L4sFF6AP_iowBccXVeTQB04nHL8_J44jHgTLxlr-oKV97gg2ngAXq8Pa8Wz9HJzvbxcJS0v2VIdE5JnUgrqHKWV5xYbRxNHXdOUCMkESzTOSsUgCrHU1coriRXlilXpUJzQ6hxMn-B1v3M21cIU0NZahihjjJqqZZZAbZrARXUEkOKHvrUOaq8btQ3SuhaokvLzqVlcGkPfQt-vDkqqGbHgdn8vGwfdJlqpQprUlYBiCIqE0Iy6DgddHWaSM176EMXBSVkWdg6qbydLRdl0MyCxouSrIdeNlFxc6mcA8SiDIwVK_GyYsvqDERBVPLuvL75_6e-Rw9Gx3u75e54_8dr9BAG8-YN0Ru0Xs-X9i1gplq9iwnyB60-GA0 |
| linkToPdf | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1bb9MwFLZgSIgXYFzL1UhIwENujmPHj9CuWrls1cSmSSBFvm4Vq1u16Qu_nuNcpnXiaa-Jo5zkO_b5TvzpC0LvM6EUlFkRlVS7iGYmjwSDnkeklFNVCKhZjcr3gO0f06-nxWmnqlx3skqv1Sz2F_PYz84bbeVyrpNeJ5ZMfwyhKDbO48nSuOQ2ulME1_QrnXpYhYFqA_kpWp_GsFTnSWefcx4HWrRVhxq7_v9xzOtSySu1Z_wA_eqjbiUnf-JNrWL995qh480e6yG631FS_Lkds4tuWf8I7XaTfo0_ds7Unx6j30dAK6NGf4OHhyeTUZQJfCJ12JzH09bxAXDGR4HAYnkmZ0A-8aTTe3k88xj4Jh7Zi1pi6Q0-nAc9oMd7K7l-go7Hez-H-1H3e4ZI55TUkbAlVc5yyYnVxtHUcedKakpBSpbpnBUKyJXjqSsUV4Iry5STaam5IdQ4kT9FO37h7XOEqaEsNYxQRxm1VIusgNh1CZXUEkOKAfrQg1UtWxeOCrqXBtaqh7UKsA7Ql4Dl5ajgnt0cWKzOqu5lV6lWqrAmZRLIFFFZWQoGnaeD7k4TofkAveszoYLZFrZQpLeLzboK3lnQgFGSDdCzNjMub5VzoFqUQbDlVs5sxbJ9BjKhcfTukX9x80vforvT0bj6Pjn49hLdg2N5-6HoFdqpVxv7GqhTrd40c-QfaCkajQ |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Real-World+COVID-19+Vaccine+Protection+Rates+against+Infection+in+the+Delta+and+Omicron+Eras&rft.jtitle=Research+%28Washington%29&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Yuru&rft.au=Gu%2C+Jia&rft.au=Qiu%2C+Yumou&rft.au=Chen%2C+Song+Xi&rft.date=2023&rft.issn=2639-5274&rft.eissn=2639-5274&rft.volume=6&rft_id=info:doi/10.34133%2Fresearch.0099&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_34133_research_0099 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2639-5274&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2639-5274&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2639-5274&client=summon |