Germination of tropical forage seeds stored for six years in ambient and controlled temperature and humidity conditions in Thailand
Abstract The germination performances of fresh seed lots were determined for 5 tropical forage species: Mulato II hybrid brachiaria [Urochloa ruziziensis (syn. Brachiaria ruziziensis) x U. decumbens (syn. B. decumbens) x U. brizantha (syn. B. brizantha)], Mombasa guinea [Megathyrsus maximus (syn. Pa...
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Published in | Tropical grasslands-Forrajes tropicales Vol. 6; no. 1; pp. 26 - 33 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English Portuguese |
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Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT)
01.01.2018
Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical |
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Abstract | Abstract The germination performances of fresh seed lots were determined for 5 tropical forage species: Mulato II hybrid brachiaria [Urochloa ruziziensis (syn. Brachiaria ruziziensis) x U. decumbens (syn. B. decumbens) x U. brizantha (syn. B. brizantha)], Mombasa guinea [Megathyrsus maximus (syn. Panicum maximum)], Tanzania guinea [M. maximus (syn. P. maximum)], Ubon paspalum (Paspalum atratum) and Ubon stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis), stored under ambient conditions in Thailand (mean monthly temperatures 23-34 °C; mean monthly relative humidity 40-92%) or in a cool room (18-20 °C and 50% relative humidity) for up to 6 years. The first paper of this study showed all seeds, except unscarified Ubon stylo seed, were dead after a single year of storage in ambient conditions. This second paper shows that cool-room storage extended seed viability, but performance varied considerably between species. Germination percentage under laboratory conditions declined to below 50%, after 3 years storage for Mombasa guinea seed and Tanzania guinea seed, 4 years for Ubon paspalum seed and 4-5 years for Mulato II seed. Ubon stylo seed maintained high germination for 5 years, in both cool-room storage (96%) and ambient-room storage (84%). Apparent embryo dormancy in acid-scarified Mulato II seed steadily increased with time in cool-storage and this seed had to be acid-scarified again each year at the time of germination testing to overcome dormancy. Physical dormancy of Mulato II seeds, imposed by the tightly bound lemma and palea in unscarified seed, was not overcome by length of time in cool-storage and these seeds had to be acid-scarified to induce germination. Hardseeded percentage in Ubon stylo seed remained high throughout the study and could be overcome only by acid-scarification. The difficulties of maintaining acceptable seed germination percentages when storing forage seeds in the humid tropics are discussed. |
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AbstractList | The germination performances of fresh seed lots were determined for 5 tropical forage species: Mulato II hybrid brachiaria [Urochloa ruziziensis (syn. Brachiaria ruziziensis) x U. decumbens (syn. B. decumbens) x U. brizantha (syn. B. brizantha)], Mombasa guinea [Megathyrsus maximus (syn. Panicum maximum)], Tanzania guinea [M. maximus (syn. P. maximum)], Ubon paspalum (Paspalum atratum) and Ubon stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis), stored under ambient conditions in Thailand (mean monthly temperatures 23‒34 ºC; mean monthly relative humidity 40‒92%) or in a cool room (18‒20 ºC and 50% relative humidity) for up to 6 years. The first paper of this study showed all seeds, except unscarified Ubon stylo seed, were dead after a single year of storage in ambient conditions. This second paper shows that cool-room storage extended seed viability, but performance varied considerably between species. Germination percentage under laboratory conditions declined to below 50%, after 3 years storage for Mombasa guinea seed and Tanzania guinea seed, 4 years for Ubon paspalum seed and 4‒5 years for Mulato II seed. Ubon stylo seed maintained high germination for 5 years, in both cool-room storage (96%) and ambient-room storage (84%). Apparent embryo dormancy in acid-scarified Mulato II seed steadily increased with time in cool-storage and this seed had to be acid-scarified again each year at the time of germination testing to overcome dormancy. Physical dormancy of Mulato II seeds, imposed by the tightly bound lemma and palea in unscarified seed, was not overcome by length of time in cool-storage and these seeds had to be acid-scarified to induce germination. Hardseeded percentage in Ubon stylo seed remained high throughout the study and could be overcome only by acid-scarification. The difficulties of maintaining acceptable seed germination percentages when storing forage seeds in the humid tropics are discussed. Abstract The germination performances of fresh seed lots were determined for 5 tropical forage species: Mulato II hybrid brachiaria [Urochloa ruziziensis (syn. Brachiaria ruziziensis) x U. decumbens (syn. B. decumbens) x U. brizantha (syn. B. brizantha)], Mombasa guinea [Megathyrsus maximus (syn. Panicum maximum)], Tanzania guinea [M. maximus (syn. P. maximum)], Ubon paspalum (Paspalum atratum) and Ubon stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis), stored under ambient conditions in Thailand (mean monthly temperatures 23-34 °C; mean monthly relative humidity 40-92%) or in a cool room (18-20 °C and 50% relative humidity) for up to 6 years. The first paper of this study showed all seeds, except unscarified Ubon stylo seed, were dead after a single year of storage in ambient conditions. This second paper shows that cool-room storage extended seed viability, but performance varied considerably between species. Germination percentage under laboratory conditions declined to below 50%, after 3 years storage for Mombasa guinea seed and Tanzania guinea seed, 4 years for Ubon paspalum seed and 4-5 years for Mulato II seed. Ubon stylo seed maintained high germination for 5 years, in both cool-room storage (96%) and ambient-room storage (84%). Apparent embryo dormancy in acid-scarified Mulato II seed steadily increased with time in cool-storage and this seed had to be acid-scarified again each year at the time of germination testing to overcome dormancy. Physical dormancy of Mulato II seeds, imposed by the tightly bound lemma and palea in unscarified seed, was not overcome by length of time in cool-storage and these seeds had to be acid-scarified to induce germination. Hardseeded percentage in Ubon stylo seed remained high throughout the study and could be overcome only by acid-scarification. The difficulties of maintaining acceptable seed germination percentages when storing forage seeds in the humid tropics are discussed. |
Author | Songsiri, Theerachai Phengphet, Supaphan Sutin, Naddakorn Hare, Michael D. |
AuthorAffiliation | Ubon Forage Seeds Co. Ltd Ubon Ratchathani University |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Ubon Forage Seeds Co. Ltd – name: Ubon Ratchathani University |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Michael D. surname: Hare fullname: Hare, Michael D. – sequence: 2 givenname: Naddakorn surname: Sutin fullname: Sutin, Naddakorn – sequence: 3 givenname: Supaphan surname: Phengphet fullname: Phengphet, Supaphan – sequence: 4 givenname: Theerachai surname: Songsiri fullname: Songsiri, Theerachai |
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DocumentTitleAlternate | Germinación de semilla de forrajeras tropicales durante seis años de almacenamiento bajo condiciones ambientales y condiciones de temperatura y humedad controladas en Tailandia |
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Keywords | hardseededness Almacenamiento de semilla dormancia física humid tropics viabilidad dureza de semilla dormancia del embrión seed viability seed storage trópico húmedo Embryo dormancy |
Language | English Portuguese |
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References | Hare, MD 2014; 2 Grof, B 1968 Hopkinson, JM; Souza, FHD de; Diulgheroff, S; Ortiz, A; Sánchez, M 1996 Hare, MD; Tatsapong, P; Phengphet, S 2008 Hare, MD; Phengphet, S; Songsiri, T; Sutin, N; Stern, E 2014 Hopkinson, JM 2005 1993 Hare, MD; Tatsapong, P; Phengphet, S; Lunpha, A 2007 Hare, MD; Tatsapong, P; Saipraset, K 2007 |
References_xml | – year: 1968 article-title: Viability of seed of Brachiaria decumbens publication-title: Queensland Journal of Agricultural and Animal Sciences contributor: fullname: Grof, B – start-page: 74 issue: 2 year: 2014 end-page: 75 article-title: Germination of tropical forage seeds stored in ambient and controlled temperature and humidity conditions. publication-title: Tropical Grasslands -Forrajes Tropicales contributor: fullname: Hare, MD; Phengphet, S; Songsiri, T; Sutin, N; Stern, E – start-page: 124140 year: 1996 end-page: 124140 article-title: Reproductive physiology, seed production, and seed quality of Brachiaria publication-title: Brachiaria: Biology, agronomy, and improvement contributor: fullname: Hopkinson, JM; Souza, FHD de; Diulgheroff, S; Ortiz, A; Sánchez, M – start-page: 253259 issue: 41 year: 2007 end-page: 253259 article-title: Stylosanthes species in north-east Thailand: Dry matter yields and seed production publication-title: Tropical Grasslands contributor: fullname: Hare, MD; Tatsapong, P; Phengphet, S; Lunpha, A – volume: 2 start-page: 165 year: 2014 end-page: 174 article-title: Village-based tropical pasture seed production in Thailand and Laos - a success story publication-title: Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales contributor: fullname: Hare, MD – start-page: 129139 issue: 39 year: 2005 end-page: 129139 article-title: Influence of storage conditions on survival and sowing value of seed of tropical pasture grasses publication-title: Tropical Grasslands contributor: fullname: Hopkinson, JM – issue: 21 year: 1993 article-title: International rules for seed testing publication-title: Seed Science & Technology – start-page: 43 issue: 41 year: 2007 end-page: 49 article-title: Seed production of two brachiaria cultivars in north-east Thailand. 3. Harvesting method publication-title: Tropical Grasslands contributor: fullname: Hare, MD; Tatsapong, P; Saipraset, K – start-page: 224228 issue: 42 year: 2008 end-page: 224228 article-title: Effect of storage duration, storage room and bag type on seed germination of Brachiaria hybrid cv. Mulato publication-title: Tropical Grasslands contributor: fullname: Hare, MD; Tatsapong, P; Phengphet, S |
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Snippet | Abstract The germination performances of fresh seed lots were determined for 5 tropical forage species: Mulato II hybrid brachiaria [Urochloa ruziziensis (syn.... The germination performances of fresh seed lots were determined for 5 tropical forage species: Mulato II hybrid brachiaria [Urochloa ruziziensis (syn.... |
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Title | Germination of tropical forage seeds stored for six years in ambient and controlled temperature and humidity conditions in Thailand |
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