Structural insights and cytotoxicity evaluation of benz[e]indole pyrazolyl-substituted amides

Five new compounds of benz[ e ]indole pyrazolyl-substituted amides ( 2a–e ) were synthesised in low to good yields via the direct amide-coupling reaction between a pyrazolyl derivative containing a carboxylic acid and several amine substrates. The molecular structures were determined by various spec...

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Published inMolecular diversity Vol. 28; no. 3; pp. 1363 - 1376
Main Authors Ramle, Abdul Qaiyum, Chan, Nadia Nabihah Mohd Yusof, Ng, Min Phin, Tan, Chun Hoe, Sim, Kae Shin, Tiekink, Edward R. T., Fei, Chee Chin
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cham Springer International Publishing 01.06.2024
Springer Nature B.V
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Abstract Five new compounds of benz[ e ]indole pyrazolyl-substituted amides ( 2a–e ) were synthesised in low to good yields via the direct amide-coupling reaction between a pyrazolyl derivative containing a carboxylic acid and several amine substrates. The molecular structures were determined by various spectroscopic methods, such as NMR ( 1 H, 13 C and 19 F), FT-IR and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). X-ray crystallographic analysis on the 4-fluorobenzyl derivative ( 2d ) reveals the amide- O atom to reside to the opposite side of the molecule to the pyrazolyl- N and pyrrolyl- N atoms; in the molecular packing, helical chains feature amide-N‒H⋯N(pyrrolyl) hydrogen bonds. Density-functional theory (DFT) at the geometry-optimisation B3LYP/6-31G(d) level on the full series shows general agreement with the experimental structures. While the LUMO in each case is spread over the benz[ e ]indole pyrazolyl moiety, the HOMO spreads over the halogenated benzo-substituted amide moieties or is localised near the benz[ e ]indole pyrazolyl moieties. The MTT assay showed that 2e , exhibited the highest toxicity against a human colorectal carcinoma (HCT 116 cell line) without appreciable toxicity towards the normal human colon fibroblast (CCD-18Co cell line). Based on molecular docking calculations, the probable cytotoxic mechanism of 2e is through the DNA minor groove binding. Graphical abstract
AbstractList Five new compounds of benz[e]indole pyrazolyl-substituted amides (2a-e) were synthesised in low to good yields via the direct amide-coupling reaction between a pyrazolyl derivative containing a carboxylic acid and several amine substrates. The molecular structures were determined by various spectroscopic methods, such as NMR ( H, C and F), FT-IR and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). X-ray crystallographic analysis on the 4-fluorobenzyl derivative (2d) reveals the amide-O atom to reside to the opposite side of the molecule to the pyrazolyl-N and pyrrolyl-N atoms; in the molecular packing, helical chains feature amide-N‒H⋯N(pyrrolyl) hydrogen bonds. Density-functional theory (DFT) at the geometry-optimisation B3LYP/6-31G(d) level on the full series shows general agreement with the experimental structures. While the LUMO in each case is spread over the benz[e]indole pyrazolyl moiety, the HOMO spreads over the halogenated benzo-substituted amide moieties or is localised near the benz[e]indole pyrazolyl moieties. The MTT assay showed that 2e, exhibited the highest toxicity against a human colorectal carcinoma (HCT 116 cell line) without appreciable toxicity towards the normal human colon fibroblast (CCD-18Co cell line). Based on molecular docking calculations, the probable cytotoxic mechanism of 2e is through the DNA minor groove binding.
Five new compounds of benz[e]indole pyrazolyl-substituted amides (2a–e) were synthesised in low to good yields via the direct amide-coupling reaction between a pyrazolyl derivative containing a carboxylic acid and several amine substrates. The molecular structures were determined by various spectroscopic methods, such as NMR (1H, 13C and 19F), FT-IR and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). X-ray crystallographic analysis on the 4-fluorobenzyl derivative (2d) reveals the amide-O atom to reside to the opposite side of the molecule to the pyrazolyl-N and pyrrolyl-N atoms; in the molecular packing, helical chains feature amide-N‒H⋯N(pyrrolyl) hydrogen bonds. Density-functional theory (DFT) at the geometry-optimisation B3LYP/6-31G(d) level on the full series shows general agreement with the experimental structures. While the LUMO in each case is spread over the benz[e]indole pyrazolyl moiety, the HOMO spreads over the halogenated benzo-substituted amide moieties or is localised near the benz[e]indole pyrazolyl moieties. The MTT assay showed that 2e, exhibited the highest toxicity against a human colorectal carcinoma (HCT 116 cell line) without appreciable toxicity towards the normal human colon fibroblast (CCD-18Co cell line). Based on molecular docking calculations, the probable cytotoxic mechanism of 2e is through the DNA minor groove binding.
Five new compounds of benz[ e ]indole pyrazolyl-substituted amides ( 2a–e ) were synthesised in low to good yields via the direct amide-coupling reaction between a pyrazolyl derivative containing a carboxylic acid and several amine substrates. The molecular structures were determined by various spectroscopic methods, such as NMR ( 1 H, 13 C and 19 F), FT-IR and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). X-ray crystallographic analysis on the 4-fluorobenzyl derivative ( 2d ) reveals the amide- O atom to reside to the opposite side of the molecule to the pyrazolyl- N and pyrrolyl- N atoms; in the molecular packing, helical chains feature amide-N‒H⋯N(pyrrolyl) hydrogen bonds. Density-functional theory (DFT) at the geometry-optimisation B3LYP/6-31G(d) level on the full series shows general agreement with the experimental structures. While the LUMO in each case is spread over the benz[ e ]indole pyrazolyl moiety, the HOMO spreads over the halogenated benzo-substituted amide moieties or is localised near the benz[ e ]indole pyrazolyl moieties. The MTT assay showed that 2e , exhibited the highest toxicity against a human colorectal carcinoma (HCT 116 cell line) without appreciable toxicity towards the normal human colon fibroblast (CCD-18Co cell line). Based on molecular docking calculations, the probable cytotoxic mechanism of 2e is through the DNA minor groove binding. Graphical abstract
Author Ng, Min Phin
Fei, Chee Chin
Ramle, Abdul Qaiyum
Tan, Chun Hoe
Sim, Kae Shin
Tiekink, Edward R. T.
Chan, Nadia Nabihah Mohd Yusof
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CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bioorg_2024_107256
crossref_primary_10_1002_ardp_202400282
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Minor groove binding
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Snippet Five new compounds of benz[ e ]indole pyrazolyl-substituted amides ( 2a–e ) were synthesised in low to good yields via the direct amide-coupling reaction...
Five new compounds of benz[e]indole pyrazolyl-substituted amides (2a-e) were synthesised in low to good yields via the direct amide-coupling reaction between a...
Five new compounds of benz[e]indole pyrazolyl-substituted amides (2a–e) were synthesised in low to good yields via the direct amide-coupling reaction between a...
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crossref
pubmed
springer
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StartPage 1363
SubjectTerms Amides - chemistry
Antineoplastic Agents - chemical synthesis
Antineoplastic Agents - chemistry
Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Survival - drug effects
Crystallography, X-Ray
HCT116 Cells
Humans
Indoles - chemistry
Indoles - pharmacology
Life Sciences
Models, Molecular
Molecular Docking Simulation
Molecular Structure
Organic Chemistry
Original Article
Pharmacy
Polymer Sciences
Pyrazoles - chemistry
Pyrazoles - pharmacology
Structure-Activity Relationship
Toxicity
Title Structural insights and cytotoxicity evaluation of benz[e]indole pyrazolyl-substituted amides
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11030-023-10662-2
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37278911
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3084109369
Volume 28
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