Cheating in online courses: Evidence from online proctoring

This study revives the unsettled debate on the extent of academic dishonesty in online courses. It takes advantage of a quasi experiment in which online proctoring using a webcam recording software was introduced for high-stakes exams in two online courses. Each course remained the same in its struc...

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Published inComputers in human behavior reports Vol. 2; p. 100033
Main Authors Dendir, Seife, Maxwell, R. Stockton
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier Ltd 01.08.2020
Elsevier
Subjects
Academic dishonesty
Cheating
Online courses
Online proctoring
Webcam proctoring
Academic dishonesty
Online courses
Cheating
Online proctoring
Webcam proctoring
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2451-9588
2451-9588
DOI10.1016/j.chbr.2020.100033

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Abstract This study revives the unsettled debate on the extent of academic dishonesty in online courses. It takes advantage of a quasi experiment in which online proctoring using a webcam recording software was introduced for high-stakes exams in two online courses. Each course remained the same in its structure, content and assessments before and after the introduction of online proctoring. Analysis of exam scores shows that online proctoring was associated with a decrease in average performance in both courses. Furthermore, the decrease in scores persists when accounting for potential confounding factors in a regression framework. Finally, in separate regressions of exam performance on student characteristics, the regression explanatory power was higher for scores under proctoring. We interpret these results as evidence that cheating took place in the online courses prior to proctoring. The results also imply that online proctoring is an effective tool to mitigate academic dishonesty in online courses. •We assess the prevalence of academic dishonesty in online courses.•We compare student performance before and after the introduction of online proctoring through a webcam recording software.•Our analysis shows that cheating must have been quite prevalent in the absence of proctoring.•An important implication of the study is that relatively simple, technology-based tools can be used to significantly mitigate cheating in online courses.
AbstractList This study revives the unsettled debate on the extent of academic dishonesty in online courses. It takes advantage of a quasi experiment in which online proctoring using a webcam recording software was introduced for high-stakes exams in two online courses. Each course remained the same in its structure, content and assessments before and after the introduction of online proctoring. Analysis of exam scores shows that online proctoring was associated with a decrease in average performance in both courses. Furthermore, the decrease in scores persists when accounting for potential confounding factors in a regression framework. Finally, in separate regressions of exam performance on student characteristics, the regression explanatory power was higher for scores under proctoring. We interpret these results as evidence that cheating took place in the online courses prior to proctoring. The results also imply that online proctoring is an effective tool to mitigate academic dishonesty in online courses. •We assess the prevalence of academic dishonesty in online courses.•We compare student performance before and after the introduction of online proctoring through a webcam recording software.•Our analysis shows that cheating must have been quite prevalent in the absence of proctoring.•An important implication of the study is that relatively simple, technology-based tools can be used to significantly mitigate cheating in online courses.
This study revives the unsettled debate on the extent of academic dishonesty in online courses. It takes advantage of a quasi experiment in which online proctoring using a webcam recording software was introduced for high-stakes exams in two online courses. Each course remained the same in its structure, content and assessments before and after the introduction of online proctoring. Analysis of exam scores shows that online proctoring was associated with a decrease in average performance in both courses. Furthermore, the decrease in scores persists when accounting for potential confounding factors in a regression framework. Finally, in separate regressions of exam performance on student characteristics, the regression explanatory power was higher for scores under proctoring. We interpret these results as evidence that cheating took place in the online courses prior to proctoring. The results also imply that online proctoring is an effective tool to mitigate academic dishonesty in online courses.
ArticleNumber 100033
Author Dendir, Seife
Maxwell, R. Stockton
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  givenname: R. Stockton
  surname: Maxwell
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  email: rmaxwell2@radford.edu
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Keywords Academic dishonesty
Online courses
Cheating
Online proctoring
Webcam proctoring
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Snippet This study revives the unsettled debate on the extent of academic dishonesty in online courses. It takes advantage of a quasi experiment in which online...
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SubjectTerms Academic dishonesty
Cheating
Online courses
Online proctoring
Webcam proctoring
Title Cheating in online courses: Evidence from online proctoring
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2020.100033
https://doaj.org/article/aa3ab9a201f44c44854292da11561291
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