Dynamic changes in the chemical composition and metabolite profiles of drumstick (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaf flour during fermentation

Solid-state fermentation (SSF) using mixed strains can increase the nutritional value and antioxidant content of Moringa oliefera Lam. leaf flour (MLF). However, little is known about the chemical composition and metabolite profiles of MLF during the fermentation process. In this work, mixed strains...

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Published inFood science & technology Vol. 155; p. 112973
Main Authors Shi, Honghui, Yang, Endian, Yang, Heyue, Huang, Xiaoling, Zheng, Mengxia, Chen, Xiaoyang, Zhang, Junjie
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier Ltd 01.02.2022
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Abstract Solid-state fermentation (SSF) using mixed strains can increase the nutritional value and antioxidant content of Moringa oliefera Lam. leaf flour (MLF). However, little is known about the chemical composition and metabolite profiles of MLF during the fermentation process. In this work, mixed strains of Aspergillus Niger, Candida utilis and Bacillus subtilis were inoculated into MLF for SSF. The MLF's contents of crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), reducing sugar, tannin and phytic acid all changed significantly as fermentation proceeded. A metabolomic analysis was performed using GC-TOF-MS, resulting in the identification of 347 metabolites. Fermentation with mixed strains significantly affected levels of amino acids, sugars, and organic acids; concentrations of most amino acids, oligosaccharides, organic acids, nucleosides, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and myo-inositol were higher after 3 d of SSF than at the start. Additionally, several intermediate metabolites were detected in 3 d fermented MLF. The mixed microorganisms' metabolic activity thus seems to peak after 3 d of fermentation under the tested conditions. These results provide new insights into the changes in the chemical composition and metabolite content of MLF during SSF and reveal possibilities for producing valuable compounds via this process. •Solid-state fermentation was conductive to improving drumstick leaf nutritional value.•Protein content was increased.•Anti-nutritional factors tannins, phytic acid were decreased.•Some beneficial metabolites were released during fermentation.
AbstractList Solid-state fermentation (SSF) using mixed strains can increase the nutritional value and antioxidant content of Moringa oliefera Lam. leaf flour (MLF). However, little is known about the chemical composition and metabolite profiles of MLF during the fermentation process. In this work, mixed strains of Aspergillus Niger, Candida utilis and Bacillus subtilis were inoculated into MLF for SSF. The MLF's contents of crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), reducing sugar, tannin and phytic acid all changed significantly as fermentation proceeded. A metabolomic analysis was performed using GC-TOF-MS, resulting in the identification of 347 metabolites. Fermentation with mixed strains significantly affected levels of amino acids, sugars, and organic acids; concentrations of most amino acids, oligosaccharides, organic acids, nucleosides, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and myo-inositol were higher after 3 d of SSF than at the start. Additionally, several intermediate metabolites were detected in 3 d fermented MLF. The mixed microorganisms' metabolic activity thus seems to peak after 3 d of fermentation under the tested conditions. These results provide new insights into the changes in the chemical composition and metabolite content of MLF during SSF and reveal possibilities for producing valuable compounds via this process. •Solid-state fermentation was conductive to improving drumstick leaf nutritional value.•Protein content was increased.•Anti-nutritional factors tannins, phytic acid were decreased.•Some beneficial metabolites were released during fermentation.
ArticleNumber 112973
Author Zheng, Mengxia
Zhang, Junjie
Shi, Honghui
Yang, Endian
Yang, Heyue
Chen, Xiaoyang
Huang, Xiaoling
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  surname: Shi
  fullname: Shi, Honghui
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  givenname: Endian
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  givenname: Xiaoling
  surname: Huang
  fullname: Huang, Xiaoling
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  organization: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangzhou, 510642, China
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  givenname: Junjie
  surname: Zhang
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  email: junjiezhang@scau.edu.cn
  organization: Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Snippet Solid-state fermentation (SSF) using mixed strains can increase the nutritional value and antioxidant content of Moringa oliefera Lam. leaf flour (MLF)....
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SubjectTerms Metabolites
Moringa oleifera Lam
Solid-state fermentation
Title Dynamic changes in the chemical composition and metabolite profiles of drumstick (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaf flour during fermentation
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112973
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