A review of thermal management and innovative cooling strategies for data center
•Review of existing cooling technologies of data centers.•Analysis of energy consumption and energy savings of data centers.•Performance of various innovative future cooling technologies for high efficiency is studied. Within a data center, 52% of the electricity is used by the IT equipment, 38% by...
Saved in:
| Published in | Sustainable computing informatics and systems Vol. 19; pp. 14 - 28 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier Inc
01.09.2018
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2210-5379 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002 |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | •Review of existing cooling technologies of data centers.•Analysis of energy consumption and energy savings of data centers.•Performance of various innovative future cooling technologies for high efficiency is studied.
Within a data center, 52% of the electricity is used by the IT equipment, 38% by the cooling system, and 10% for the remaining equipment (electrical power distribution, UPS…). The cooling system is mandatory to maintain optimal air temperature and relative humidity and provide a safe environment for all the electronic equipment. This paper presents a review on thermal management in data centers and various potential cooling technologies developed respecting energy saving constraint. Numerous researchers have proposed different alternative cooling strategy and solutions to free air cooling. This article describes a state of the art cooling strategies of data centers. The open aisle configuration is the most often used technique to remove heat. It does not affect energy efficiency but increases the electricity consumption dedicated to air conditioning. The most promising cooling systems, capable of absorbing energy flux while decreasing electricity consumption and rising the energy efficiency, are identified and discussed. It includes free cooling, liquid cooling, two-phase technologies and building envelope. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | •Review of existing cooling technologies of data centers.•Analysis of energy consumption and energy savings of data centers.•Performance of various innovative future cooling technologies for high efficiency is studied.
Within a data center, 52% of the electricity is used by the IT equipment, 38% by the cooling system, and 10% for the remaining equipment (electrical power distribution, UPS…). The cooling system is mandatory to maintain optimal air temperature and relative humidity and provide a safe environment for all the electronic equipment. This paper presents a review on thermal management in data centers and various potential cooling technologies developed respecting energy saving constraint. Numerous researchers have proposed different alternative cooling strategy and solutions to free air cooling. This article describes a state of the art cooling strategies of data centers. The open aisle configuration is the most often used technique to remove heat. It does not affect energy efficiency but increases the electricity consumption dedicated to air conditioning. The most promising cooling systems, capable of absorbing energy flux while decreasing electricity consumption and rising the energy efficiency, are identified and discussed. It includes free cooling, liquid cooling, two-phase technologies and building envelope. |
| Author | Nadjahi, Chayan Lemasson, Stéphane Louahlia, Hasna |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Chayan surname: Nadjahi fullname: Nadjahi, Chayan organization: NORMANDIE UNIV, UNICAEN, LUSAC, Site universitaire Bellevue, 120 rue de l’Exode, 50000 Saint-Lô, France – sequence: 2 givenname: Hasna surname: Louahlia fullname: Louahlia, Hasna email: hasna.louahlia@unicaen.fr organization: NORMANDIE UNIV, UNICAEN, LUSAC, Site universitaire Bellevue, 120 rue de l’Exode, 50000 Saint-Lô, France – sequence: 3 givenname: Stéphane surname: Lemasson fullname: Lemasson, Stéphane organization: Orange Labs, 2, avenue Pierre Marzin, 22307 Lannion, France |
| BackLink | https://normandie-univ.hal.science/hal-02165699$$DView record in HAL |
| BookMark | eNqFkLFOwzAQhj0UiQJ9AwavDAm247gNA1JVAUWqBAPMlmNfWleJjWxTxNvjKoiBAW456e7_TrrvDE2cd4DQJSUlJVRc78v4HrUfSkbooiR1SQiboCljlBR1NW9O0SzGPclVC9pUfIqelzjAwcIH9h1OOwiD6vGgnNrCAC5h5Qy2zvmDSvYAWHvfW7fFMQWVYGsh4s4HbFRSWOc8hAt00qk-wuy7n6PX-7uX1brYPD08rpabQlecpIIb1rCuBSH0nAimhWmhErStOOW1og3VptN0bjgTvFVNu1DczBu9qIiqWd5V5-hqvLtTvXwLdlDhU3pl5Xq5kccZYVTUomkONGf5mNXBxxig-wEokUdxci9HcfIoTpJaZnEZu_mFaZuyB-_y97b_D74dYcgSsuAgo7bgNBgbQCdpvP37wBdJLpCb |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enbuild_2021_110764 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11365_024_01019_8 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsaom_3c00235 crossref_primary_10_1145_3700874 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csite_2023_103262 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enbuild_2020_110407 crossref_primary_10_1109_TSUSC_2023_3346332 crossref_primary_10_3389_fenrg_2024_1449358 crossref_primary_10_1063_5_0190273 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2019_2932777 crossref_primary_10_12677_mos_2024_134440 crossref_primary_10_32604_EE_2022_017356 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_applthermaleng_2024_124952 crossref_primary_10_1051_matecconf_202032803008 crossref_primary_10_1615_JEnhHeatTransf_2022041591 crossref_primary_10_1051_e3sconf_201911101043 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10853_022_06945_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aeue_2019_153040 crossref_primary_10_15377_2409_5826_2019_06_3 crossref_primary_10_59717_j_xinn_energy_2024_100014 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10973_023_12203_3 crossref_primary_10_1177_1420326X231183300 crossref_primary_10_1088_1755_1315_1372_1_012090 crossref_primary_10_1063_5_0176286 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11708_023_0912_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2021_111389 crossref_primary_10_1155_2022_9051629 crossref_primary_10_18686_cest_v2i1_141 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIA_2024_3379305 crossref_primary_10_1080_15435075_2021_2016415 crossref_primary_10_1515_nanoph_2022_0089 crossref_primary_10_1080_08916152_2023_2273812 crossref_primary_10_1063_5_0138916 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2019_2907701 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIA_2021_3054607 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2022_120539 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCPMT_2021_3117572 crossref_primary_10_4028_p_LwToX6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijheatmasstransfer_2021_121925 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enconman_2021_113983 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_applthermaleng_2024_124775 crossref_primary_10_1088_1742_6596_1402_4_044057 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_applthermaleng_2023_121260 crossref_primary_10_1287_msom_2022_1178 crossref_primary_10_36887_2415_8453_2024_2_23 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11227_021_03805_5 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40807_024_00120_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jobe_2024_108644 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2023_3292342 crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_5934747 crossref_primary_10_1360_SST_2022_0155 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40430_024_05048_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2019_114109 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_applthermaleng_2024_122425 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCC_2024_3521666 crossref_primary_10_2298_TSCI230311175K crossref_primary_10_1016_j_applthermaleng_2025_125476 crossref_primary_10_3389_fenrg_2022_954718 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aej_2022_02_059 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.enconman.2013.07.035 10.1016/j.rser.2013.12.007 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.07.078 10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.05.008 10.1016/j.rser.2016.03.036 10.1016/j.energy.2012.04.037 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.12.008 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.05.023 10.1109/TCPMT.2012.2185797 10.1016/j.scs.2017.10.012 10.1016/j.rser.2012.01.038 10.1007/s10619-006-7007-3 10.1016/j.egypro.2015.12.168 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.12.020 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2005.06.028 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2005.11.001 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2008.12.006 10.1016/j.mcm.2011.06.047 10.1016/j.energy.2011.02.021 10.1016/j.enconman.2015.01.088 10.1016/j.egypro.2011.12.985 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2012.09.012 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.09.060 10.1016/j.rser.2014.04.017 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.02.039 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.08.012 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.02.003 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.03.040 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.12.010 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.02.063 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2018 Elsevier Inc. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2018 Elsevier Inc. – notice: Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION 1XC |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef |
| DatabaseTitleList | |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Computer Science |
| EndPage | 28 |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_HAL_hal_02165699v1 10_1016_j_suscom_2018_05_002 S2210537917304067 |
| GroupedDBID | --K --M .~1 0R~ 1~. 4.4 457 4G. 7-5 8P~ AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAHCO AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AARJD AAXUO AAYFN ABBOA ABMAC ABXDB ABYKQ ACDAQ ACGFS ACNNM ACRLP ACZNC ADBBV ADEZE ADMUD AEBSH AEKER AFKWA AFTJW AGHFR AGUBO AGYEJ AHZHX AIALX AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AJBFU AJOXV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ AOUOD AXJTR BELTK BKOJK BLXMC EBS EFJIC EFLBG EJD FDB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN GBLVA GBOLZ HZ~ J1W JARJE KOM M41 MO0 N9A O-L O9- OAUVE P-8 P-9 PC. Q38 RIG ROL SDF SES SPC SPCBC SSR SSV SSZ T5K ~G- AAQFI AATTM AAXKI AAYWO AAYXX ABJNI ABWVN ACRPL ADNMO AEIPS AFJKZ AFXIZ AGCQF AGRNS AIIUN ANKPU APXCP BNPGV CITATION SSH 1XC |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c340t-4d292fbe66c7062c6dbe361b34145a191cdfc17d4264ba9b8a4d79c830a52cdf3 |
| IEDL.DBID | .~1 |
| ISSN | 2210-5379 |
| IngestDate | Fri May 09 12:11:28 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 01:35:18 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:05:00 EDT 2025 Fri Feb 23 02:26:31 EST 2024 |
| IsPeerReviewed | false |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Keywords | Cooling technologies Thermal management Data center Energy efficiency |
| Language | English |
| License | Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c340t-4d292fbe66c7062c6dbe361b34145a191cdfc17d4264ba9b8a4d79c830a52cdf3 |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3197-7511 |
| PageCount | 15 |
| ParticipantIDs | hal_primary_oai_HAL_hal_02165699v1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_suscom_2018_05_002 crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_suscom_2018_05_002 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_suscom_2018_05_002 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | September 2018 2018-09-00 2018-09 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2018-09-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 09 year: 2018 text: September 2018 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationTitle | Sustainable computing informatics and systems |
| PublicationYear | 2018 |
| Publisher | Elsevier Inc Elsevier |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier Inc – name: Elsevier |
| References | Nemec, Čaja, Malcho (bib0185) 2013; 57 Sun, Zhang, Medina, Liu, Liao (bib0245) 2014; 117 Zimmermann, Meijer, Tiwari, Paredes, Michel, Poulikakos (bib0145) 2012; 43 Almaneea, Thompson, Summers, Kapur (bib0220) 2014; 4 Ebrahimi, Jones, Fleischer (bib0005) 2014; 31 Singhal, Litke, Black, Garimella (bib0090) 2005; 48 Haywood, Sherbeck, Phelan, Varsamopoulos, Gupta (bib0155) 2015; 95 Power Emerson Network (bib0080) 2007 Dunnavant, Rejection (bib0125) 2011 Samba, Louahlia-Gualous, Le Masson, Nörterhäuser (bib0170) 2013; 50 Oró, Allepuz, Martorell, Salom (bib0265) 2018; 36 Tschudi, Berkeley (bib0045) 2010 Valiorgue, Persoons, McGuinn, Murray (bib0165) 2009; 33 J. Niemann, K. Brown, and V. Avelar, Impact of Hot and Cold Aisle Containment on Data Center Temperature and Efficiency. Bao, Wang, Kang (bib0130) 2012; 14 Sundaram, Seeniraj, Velraj (bib0250) 2010; 42 H. Jouhara and R. Meskimmon, Heat Pipe based Thermal Management Systems for Energy-Efficient Data Centres. Petit (bib0215) 2008; 33 Potts (bib0110) 2010 Ashrae (bib0075) 2011 Singh, Mochizuki, Mashiko, Nguyen (bib0190) 2011; 36 Marcinichen, Olivier, Thome (bib0065) 2012; 41 Chen, Zhang, Meng (bib0115) 2012; 50 Kaiser, Bean, Harvey, Patterson, Winiecki (bib0255) 2011 Zhang, Shao, Xu, Zou, Tian (bib0200) 2015; 75 Akeiber (bib0240) 2016; 60 Harirchian, Garimella (bib0095) 2010; 53 Garday (bib0260) 2007 Nada, Said, Rady (bib0010) 2016; 98 Han, Shi, Wang, Zhang, Li (bib0205) 2013; 36 ETSI (bib0070) 2009; vol. 2 Ling, Zhang, Yu, Wu, Liao (bib0195) 2015; vol. 59 Cho, Lim, Sean (bib0020) 2012; 55 Capozzoli, Primiceri (bib0135) 2015; 83 Chaudhry, Hughes, Ghani (bib0175) 2012; 16 Endo, Kodama, Fukuda, Sugimoto, Horie, Kondo (bib0235) 2013; 6 Niemann, Bean, Avelar (bib0120) 2013 Koomey (bib0030) 2010 The Green Grid (bib0040) 2007 Baonga, Louahlia-Gualous, Imbert (bib0160) 2006; 26 Brady, Kapur, Summers, Thompson (bib0050) 2013; 76 Rambo, Joshi (bib0060) 2007; 21 Zhang, Shao, Xu, Zou, Tian (bib0105) 2014; 35 Greenberg, Mills, Tschudi, Berkeley (bib0055) 2006; sUMMER Garimella, Yeh, Persoons (bib0025) 2012; 2 Warrier, Sathyanarayana, Patil, France, Joshi, Teja (bib0225) 2012; 55 The Climate Group (bib0035) 2008; 30 Almoli, Thompson, Kapur, Summers, Thompson, Hannah (bib0150) 2012; 89 “Bicsi.” [Online]. Available: https://www.bicsi.org/uploadedfiles/BICSI_Summits/Spring2/balt_11/Passive Air Flow Management in the Data Center - Lylette Macdonald - Legrand-Ortronics.pdf. Douchet (bib0015) 2015 Wang, Zhang, Li, Luo (bib0210) 2015; 90 Li, Zheng, Wang, Wang (bib0140) 2014 Tuma (bib0230) 2010 Zhang (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0200) 2015; 75 Zimmermann (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0145) 2012; 43 Dunnavant (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0125) 2011 Garimella (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0025) 2012; 2 Brady (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0050) 2013; 76 Garday (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0260) 2007 Singh (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0190) 2011; 36 Niemann (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0120) 2013 Greenberg (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0055) 2006; sUMMER Marcinichen (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0065) 2012; 41 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0085 Almoli (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0150) 2012; 89 Sundaram (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0250) 2010; 42 Tschudi (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0045) 2010 Potts (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0110) 2010 Chaudhry (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0175) 2012; 16 Petit (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0215) 2008; 33 Sun (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0245) 2014; 117 Akeiber (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0240) 2016; 60 Warrier (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0225) 2012; 55 Valiorgue (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0165) 2009; 33 Ebrahimi (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0005) 2014; 31 Koomey (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0030) 2010 The Green Grid (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0040) 2007 Harirchian (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0095) 2010; 53 Oró (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0265) 2018; 36 The Climate Group (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0035) 2008; 30 Haywood (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0155) 2015; 95 Samba (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0170) 2013; 50 Power Emerson Network (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0080) 2007 Nemec (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0185) 2013; 57 Almaneea (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0220) 2014; 4 Singhal (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0090) 2005; 48 Li (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0140) 2014 Rambo (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0060) 2007; 21 ETSI (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0070) 2009; vol. 2 Baonga (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0160) 2006; 26 Capozzoli (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0135) 2015; 83 Wang (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0210) 2015; 90 Zhang (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0105) 2014; 35 Cho (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0020) 2012; 55 Bao (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0130) 2012; 14 Nada (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0010) 2016; 98 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0180 Ashrae (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0075) 2011 Chen (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0115) 2012; 50 Endo (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0235) 2013; 6 Tuma (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0230) 2010 Kaiser (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0255) 2011 Ling (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0195) 2015; vol. 59 Douchet (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0015) 2015 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0100 Han (10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0205) 2013; 36 |
| References_xml | – volume: 21 start-page: 193 year: 2007 end-page: 225 ident: bib0060 article-title: Modeling of data center airflow and heat transfer: state of the art and future trends publication-title: Distrib. Parallel Databases – volume: 30 start-page: 1 year: 2008 end-page: 87 ident: bib0035 article-title: SMART 2020: enabling the low carbon economy in the information age publication-title: Group – reference: H. Jouhara and R. Meskimmon, Heat Pipe based Thermal Management Systems for Energy-Efficient Data Centres. – volume: 4 start-page: 200 year: 2014 end-page: 207 ident: bib0220 article-title: Cooling system analysis for a data center using liquid immersed servers publication-title: Int. J. Therm. Technol. – volume: 36 start-page: 185 year: 2018 end-page: 203 ident: bib0265 article-title: Design and economic analysis of liquid cooled data centres for waste heat recovery: a case study for an indoor swimming pool publication-title: Sustain. Cities Soc. – volume: 16 start-page: 2249 year: 2012 end-page: 2259 ident: bib0175 article-title: A review of heat pipe systems for heat recovery and renewable energy applications publication-title: Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. – year: 2007 ident: bib0260 article-title: Reducing Data Center Energy Consumption With Wet Side Economizers – year: 2015 ident: bib0015 article-title: Optimisation énergétique de data centers par utilisation de liquides pour le refroidissement des baies informatiques – volume: 31 start-page: 622 year: 2014 end-page: 638 ident: bib0005 article-title: A review of data center cooling technology, operating conditions and the corresponding low-grade waste heat recovery opportunities publication-title: Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. – reference: J. Niemann, K. Brown, and V. Avelar, Impact of Hot and Cold Aisle Containment on Data Center Temperature and Efficiency. – volume: 43 start-page: 237 year: 2012 end-page: 245 ident: bib0145 article-title: Aquasar: a hot water cooled data center with direct energy reuse publication-title: Energy – volume: 50 start-page: 1351 year: 2013 end-page: 1360 ident: bib0170 article-title: Two-phase thermosyphon loop for cooling outdoor telecommunication equipments publication-title: Appl. Therm. Eng. – volume: sUMMER start-page: 76 year: 2006 end-page: 87 ident: bib0055 article-title: Best practices for data centers: lessons learned from benchmarking 22 data centers T publication-title: Aceee – volume: 6 start-page: 17 year: 2013 end-page: 25 ident: bib0235 article-title: Effect of climatic conditions on energy consumption in direct fresh-air container data centers 2013 publication-title: 2013 Int. Green Comput. Conf. Proceedings, IGCC – volume: 57 start-page: 126 year: 2013 end-page: 136 ident: bib0185 article-title: Mathematical model for heat transfer limitations of heat pipe publication-title: Math. Comput. Model. – volume: 41 start-page: 36 year: 2012 end-page: 51 ident: bib0065 article-title: On-chip two-phase cooling of datacenters: cooling system and energy recovery evaluation publication-title: Appl. Therm. Eng. – year: 2010 ident: bib0045 article-title: Ere: a metric for measuring the benefit of reuse energy from a editor publication-title: Star – volume: 95 start-page: 297 year: 2015 end-page: 303 ident: bib0155 article-title: The relationship among CPU utilization, temperature, and thermal power for waste heat utilization publication-title: Energy Convers. Manag. – volume: 36 start-page: 58 year: 2013 end-page: 69 ident: bib0205 article-title: Development of an integrated air conditioner with thermosyphon and the application in mobile phone base station publication-title: Int. J. Refrig. – volume: vol. 2 start-page: 1 year: 2009 end-page: 21 ident: bib0070 publication-title: ETSI EN 300 019-1-3 V2.3.2, Equipment Engineering(EE); Environmental Conditions and Environmnetal Tests for Telecommunications Equipment; Part 1-3: Classification of Environmental Conditions; Stationary Use at Weatherprotected Locations – volume: 89 start-page: 150 year: 2012 end-page: 155 ident: bib0150 article-title: Computational fluid dynamic investigation of liquid rack cooling in data centres publication-title: Appl. Energy – volume: 26 start-page: 1125 year: 2006 end-page: 1138 ident: bib0160 article-title: Experimental study of the hydrodynamic and heat transfer of free liquid jet impinging a flat circular heated disk publication-title: Appl. Therm. Eng. – start-page: 1 year: 2011 end-page: 19 ident: bib0255 article-title: Survey Results: Data Center Economizer Use – volume: 90 start-page: 937 year: 2015 end-page: 944 ident: bib0210 article-title: Analysis on energy efficiency of an integrated heat pipe system in data centers publication-title: Appl. Therm. Eng. – volume: 76 start-page: 155 year: 2013 end-page: 161 ident: bib0050 article-title: A case study and critical assessment in calculating power usage effectiveness for a data centre publication-title: Energy Convers. Manag. – volume: 14 start-page: 620 year: 2012 end-page: 625 ident: bib0130 article-title: The applied effect analysis of heat exchanger installed in a typical communication base station in Beijing of China publication-title: Energy Procedia – start-page: 249 year: 2014 end-page: 259 ident: bib0140 article-title: Coordinating liquid and free air cooling with workload allocation for data center power minimization publication-title: 11th Int. Conf. Auton. Comput. (ICAC 14) – volume: 50 start-page: 212 year: 2012 end-page: 218 ident: bib0115 article-title: Study of ventilation cooling technology for telecommunication base stations: control strategy and application strategy publication-title: Energy Build. – start-page: 1 year: 2011 end-page: 45 ident: bib0075 article-title: Thermal guidelines for data processing environments – expanded data center publication-title: Data Process. – volume: 33 start-page: 1 year: 2008 end-page: 16 ident: bib0215 article-title: Dissipation thermique dans les systèmes électroniques publication-title: Tech. l’Ingénieur – volume: 117 start-page: 95 year: 2014 end-page: 103 ident: bib0245 article-title: A study on the use of phase change materials (PCMs) in combination with a natural cold source for space cooling in telecommunications base stations (TBSs) in China publication-title: Appl. Energy – volume: 2 start-page: 1307 year: 2012 end-page: 1316 ident: bib0025 article-title: Thermal management challenges in telecommunication systems and data centers publication-title: IEEE Trans. Componen. Packag. Manuf. Technol. – year: 2013 ident: bib0120 article-title: Economizer Modes of Data Center Cooling Systems – volume: vol. 59 start-page: 198 year: 2015 end-page: 209 ident: bib0195 publication-title: Study on thermal performance of micro-channel separate heat pipe for telecommunication stations : Experiment and simulation Étude de la performance thermique de caloduc séparé à micro-canaux pour les stations de télécommunication : expérienc – volume: 83 start-page: 484 year: 2015 end-page: 493 ident: bib0135 article-title: Cooling systems in data centers: state of art and emerging technologies publication-title: Energy Procedia – volume: 60 start-page: 1470 year: 2016 end-page: 1497 ident: bib0240 article-title: A review on phase change material (PCM) for sustainable passive cooling in building envelopes publication-title: Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. – volume: 42 start-page: 1726 year: 2010 end-page: 1735 ident: bib0250 article-title: An experimental investigation on passive cooling system comprising phase change material and two-phase closed thermosyphon for telecom shelters in tropical and desert regions publication-title: Energy Build. – volume: 53 start-page: 2694 year: 2010 end-page: 2702 ident: bib0095 article-title: A comprehensive flow regime map for microchannel flow boiling with quantitative transition criteria publication-title: Int. J. Heat. Mass. Transf. – volume: 55 start-page: 3379 year: 2012 end-page: 3385 ident: bib0225 article-title: Novel heat transfer fluids for direct immersion phase change cooling of electronic systems publication-title: Int. J. Heat. Mass. Transf. – volume: 55 start-page: 189 year: 2012 end-page: 197 ident: bib0020 article-title: Viability of datacenter cooling systems for energy efficiency in temperate or subtropical regions : case study publication-title: Energy Build. – year: 2010 ident: bib0110 article-title: Free Cooling Technologies in Data Centre Applications – volume: 35 start-page: 171 year: 2014 end-page: 182 ident: bib0105 article-title: Free cooling of data centers: a review publication-title: Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. – year: 2011 ident: bib0125 publication-title: ASHRAE J. – start-page: 123 year: 2010 end-page: 131 ident: bib0230 article-title: The merits of open bath immersion cooling of datacom equipment April publication-title: Annu. IEEE Semicond. Therm. Meas. Manag. Symp. – reference: “Bicsi.” [Online]. Available: https://www.bicsi.org/uploadedfiles/BICSI_Summits/Spring2/balt_11/Passive Air Flow Management in the Data Center - Lylette Macdonald - Legrand-Ortronics.pdf. – year: 2007 ident: bib0040 article-title: Green Grid Metrics: Describing Data Center Power Efficiency – volume: 75 start-page: 185 year: 2015 end-page: 192 ident: bib0200 article-title: Integrated system of mechanical refrigeration and thermosyphon for free cooling of data centers publication-title: Appl. Therm. Eng. – volume: 48 start-page: 5446 year: 2005 end-page: 5459 ident: bib0090 article-title: An experimentally validated thermo-mechanical model for the prediction of thermal contact conductance publication-title: Int. J. Heat. Mass. Transf. – year: 2010 ident: bib0030 article-title: Growth in Data Center Electricity Use 2005 to 2010 – year: 2007 ident: bib0080 article-title: Five Strategies for Cutting Data Center Energy Costs Through Enhanced Cooling Efficiency – volume: 98 start-page: 110 year: 2016 end-page: 128 ident: bib0010 article-title: Numerical investigation and parametric study for thermal and energy management enhancements in data centers’ buildings publication-title: Appl. Therm. Eng. – volume: 33 start-page: 597 year: 2009 end-page: 603 ident: bib0165 article-title: Heat transfer mechanisms in an impinging synthetic jet for a small jet-to-surface spacing publication-title: Exp. Therm. Fluid. Sci. – volume: 36 start-page: 2802 year: 2011 end-page: 2811 ident: bib0190 article-title: Heat pipe based cold energy storage systems for datacenter energy conservation publication-title: Energy – volume: 76 start-page: 155 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0050 article-title: A case study and critical assessment in calculating power usage effectiveness for a data centre publication-title: Energy Convers. Manag. doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2013.07.035 – start-page: 249 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0140 article-title: Coordinating liquid and free air cooling with workload allocation for data center power minimization – year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0120 – ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0100 – volume: 31 start-page: 622 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0005 article-title: A review of data center cooling technology, operating conditions and the corresponding low-grade waste heat recovery opportunities publication-title: Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2013.12.007 – issue: March year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0125 publication-title: ASHRAE J. – volume: 4 start-page: 200 issue: no. 3 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0220 article-title: Cooling system analysis for a data center using liquid immersed servers publication-title: Int. J. Therm. Technol. – volume: 90 start-page: 937 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0210 article-title: Analysis on energy efficiency of an integrated heat pipe system in data centers publication-title: Appl. Therm. Eng. doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.07.078 – volume: 42 start-page: 1726 issue: 10 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0250 article-title: An experimental investigation on passive cooling system comprising phase change material and two-phase closed thermosyphon for telecom shelters in tropical and desert regions publication-title: Energy Build. doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.05.008 – volume: 60 start-page: 1470 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0240 article-title: A review on phase change material (PCM) for sustainable passive cooling in building envelopes publication-title: Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2016.03.036 – volume: 43 start-page: 237 issue: no. 1 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0145 article-title: Aquasar: a hot water cooled data center with direct energy reuse publication-title: Energy doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2012.04.037 – volume: 41 start-page: 36 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0065 article-title: On-chip two-phase cooling of datacenters: cooling system and energy recovery evaluation publication-title: Appl. Therm. Eng. doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.12.008 – volume: 50 start-page: 1351 issue: 1 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0170 article-title: Two-phase thermosyphon loop for cooling outdoor telecommunication equipments publication-title: Appl. Therm. Eng. doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.05.023 – volume: 2 start-page: 1307 issue: no. 8 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0025 article-title: Thermal management challenges in telecommunication systems and data centers publication-title: IEEE Trans. Componen. Packag. Manuf. Technol. doi: 10.1109/TCPMT.2012.2185797 – volume: 36 start-page: 185 issue: August year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0265 article-title: Design and economic analysis of liquid cooled data centres for waste heat recovery: a case study for an indoor swimming pool publication-title: Sustain. Cities Soc. doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2017.10.012 – volume: vol. 2 start-page: 1 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0070 – start-page: 1 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0255 – volume: 16 start-page: 2249 issue: no. 4 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0175 article-title: A review of heat pipe systems for heat recovery and renewable energy applications publication-title: Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2012.01.038 – ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0180 – volume: 21 start-page: 193 issue: 2–3 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0060 article-title: Modeling of data center airflow and heat transfer: state of the art and future trends publication-title: Distrib. Parallel Databases doi: 10.1007/s10619-006-7007-3 – volume: 83 start-page: 484 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0135 article-title: Cooling systems in data centers: state of art and emerging technologies publication-title: Energy Procedia doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2015.12.168 – volume: vol. 59 start-page: 198 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0195 – volume: 98 start-page: 110 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0010 article-title: Numerical investigation and parametric study for thermal and energy management enhancements in data centers’ buildings publication-title: Appl. Therm. Eng. doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.12.020 – volume: 48 start-page: 5446 issue: 25–26 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0090 article-title: An experimentally validated thermo-mechanical model for the prediction of thermal contact conductance publication-title: Int. J. Heat. Mass. Transf. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2005.06.028 – volume: 26 start-page: 1125 issue: 11–12 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0160 article-title: Experimental study of the hydrodynamic and heat transfer of free liquid jet impinging a flat circular heated disk publication-title: Appl. Therm. Eng. doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2005.11.001 – volume: 33 start-page: 597 issue: no. 4 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0165 article-title: Heat transfer mechanisms in an impinging synthetic jet for a small jet-to-surface spacing publication-title: Exp. Therm. Fluid. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2008.12.006 – ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0085 – volume: 57 start-page: 126 issue: 1–2 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0185 article-title: Mathematical model for heat transfer limitations of heat pipe publication-title: Math. Comput. Model. doi: 10.1016/j.mcm.2011.06.047 – year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0030 – volume: 36 start-page: 2802 issue: no. 5 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0190 article-title: Heat pipe based cold energy storage systems for datacenter energy conservation publication-title: Energy doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2011.02.021 – volume: 95 start-page: 297 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0155 article-title: The relationship among CPU utilization, temperature, and thermal power for waste heat utilization publication-title: Energy Convers. Manag. doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2015.01.088 – volume: 14 start-page: 620 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0130 article-title: The applied effect analysis of heat exchanger installed in a typical communication base station in Beijing of China publication-title: Energy Procedia doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2011.12.985 – volume: 33 start-page: 1 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0215 article-title: Dissipation thermique dans les systèmes électroniques publication-title: Tech. l’Ingénieur – volume: 36 start-page: 58 issue: 1 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0205 article-title: Development of an integrated air conditioner with thermosyphon and the application in mobile phone base station publication-title: Int. J. Refrig. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2012.09.012 – start-page: 1 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0075 article-title: Thermal guidelines for data processing environments – expanded data center publication-title: Data Process. – volume: 30 start-page: 1 issue: no. 2 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0035 article-title: SMART 2020: enabling the low carbon economy in the information age publication-title: Group – volume: 75 start-page: 185 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0200 article-title: Integrated system of mechanical refrigeration and thermosyphon for free cooling of data centers publication-title: Appl. Therm. Eng. doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.09.060 – year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0015 – start-page: 123 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0230 article-title: The merits of open bath immersion cooling of datacom equipment April publication-title: Annu. IEEE Semicond. Therm. Meas. Manag. Symp. – year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0260 – volume: 35 start-page: 171 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0105 article-title: Free cooling of data centers: a review publication-title: Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2014.04.017 – volume: 53 start-page: 2694 issue: 13–14 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0095 article-title: A comprehensive flow regime map for microchannel flow boiling with quantitative transition criteria publication-title: Int. J. Heat. Mass. Transf. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.02.039 – volume: 55 start-page: 189 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0020 article-title: Viability of datacenter cooling systems for energy efficiency in temperate or subtropical regions : case study publication-title: Energy Build. doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.08.012 – year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0040 – volume: 89 start-page: 150 issue: 1 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0150 article-title: Computational fluid dynamic investigation of liquid rack cooling in data centres publication-title: Appl. Energy doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.02.003 – year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0110 – year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0045 article-title: Ere: a metric for measuring the benefit of reuse energy from a editor publication-title: Star – volume: 6 start-page: 17 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0235 article-title: Effect of climatic conditions on energy consumption in direct fresh-air container data centers 2013 publication-title: 2013 Int. Green Comput. Conf. Proceedings, IGCC – volume: 50 start-page: 212 issue: no. 7 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0115 article-title: Study of ventilation cooling technology for telecommunication base stations: control strategy and application strategy publication-title: Energy Build. doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.03.040 – volume: sUMMER start-page: 76 issue: Lbnl year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0055 article-title: Best practices for data centers: lessons learned from benchmarking 22 data centers T publication-title: Aceee – year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0080 – volume: 117 start-page: 95 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0245 article-title: A study on the use of phase change materials (PCMs) in combination with a natural cold source for space cooling in telecommunications base stations (TBSs) in China publication-title: Appl. Energy doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.12.010 – volume: 55 start-page: 3379 issue: 13–14 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002_bib0225 article-title: Novel heat transfer fluids for direct immersion phase change cooling of electronic systems publication-title: Int. J. Heat. Mass. Transf. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.02.063 |
| SSID | ssj0000561934 |
| Score | 2.5419037 |
| Snippet | •Review of existing cooling technologies of data centers.•Analysis of energy consumption and energy savings of data centers.•Performance of various innovative... |
| SourceID | hal crossref elsevier |
| SourceType | Open Access Repository Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 14 |
| SubjectTerms | Cooling technologies Data center Energy efficiency Engineering Sciences Mechanics Thermal management Thermics |
| Title | A review of thermal management and innovative cooling strategies for data center |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.suscom.2018.05.002 https://normandie-univ.hal.science/hal-02165699 |
| Volume | 19 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1LS-RAEG58XPbie_FNI3uNk6Tfx0GU8YmwCt6a7k737ojOiDN69LdblcegIAge0-lKQnVS9VXnqypC_qSkmHB5zDwPJuMOMJwplcyS91LwWFZOYYLz5ZUc3PKzO3E3R466XBikVba2v7HptbVuR3qtNntPw2HvbwnRimAK4g0IycHoYgY7V0jrO3wrZvssiJBN_XMZ52co0GXQ1TSvycsEaSPgB_Xhh_2VLzzU_P9ur7X2PScrZKkFjbTfPNcqmYujNbLcNWSg7fe5Tq77tElFoeNEEdk9gtTjjOBC3aiiw7YN6mukYYwde_7RybSrF0EBwlIkjVIkbcbnDXJ7cnxzNMjalglZYDyfZrwqTZl8lDKoXJZBVj4yWXjwVVw4iM1ClUKhKsRB3hmvHa-UCZrlTpRwjv0mC6PxKG4SWrFYSClEcEpzo5PxSTtRMC2T1tEUW4R1arKhrSeObS0ebEccu7eNci0q1-bCgnK3SDaTemrqaXwzX3UrYD-9FxZM_jeSB7Bgs5tgGe1B_8LiGOAagLHGvBbbP778DvmFRw3dbJcsTJ9f4h7gk6nfr1_AfbLYPz0fXL0D6dDlDw |
| linkProvider | Elsevier |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1LT9wwEB7BcqCXPqBVoS-r6jVsEr-PK1QUyrKqBEjcLNuxyyLYRezC72e8cVZFqoTUq51JorEz843zzQzAjxgl5bYMhWNeF8wihtO1FEV0TnAW6tbKlOB8OhHNBft1yS834LDPhUm0ymz7O5u-stZ5ZJi1ObybTodnNUYrnEqMNzAkR6O7CVupOhUbwNbo-KSZrI9aEkjWq__LSaRIMn0S3YrptXhYJOYIukJ18NcRyz-c1OZVf9y6cj9Hb-F1xo1k1L3aO9gIsx140_dkIPkT3YXfI9Jlo5B5JAnc3aLU7ZrjQuysJdPcCfUxED9PTXv-kMWyLxlBEMWSxBslibcZ7t_DxdHP88OmyF0TCk9ZuSxYW-s6uiCEl6WovWhdoKJy6K4Ytxie-Tb6SrYJCjmrnbKsldorWlpe4xz9AIPZfBY-AmlpqITg3FupmFZRu6gsr6gSUamgqz2gvZqMzyXFU2eLG9Nzx65Np1yTlGtKblC5e1Cspe66khovXC_7FTDPtoZBq_-C5HdcsPVDUiXtZjQ2aQyhDSJZrR-r_f--_TfYbs5Px2Z8PDn5BK_STMc--wyD5f1D-IJwZem-5u34BMrr58A |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+review+of+thermal+management+and+innovative+cooling+strategies+for+data+center&rft.jtitle=Sustainable+computing+informatics+and+systems&rft.au=Nadjahi%2C+Chayan&rft.au=Louahlia%2C+Hasna&rft.au=Lemasson%2C+St%C3%A9phane&rft.date=2018-09-01&rft.pub=Elsevier+Inc&rft.issn=2210-5379&rft.volume=19&rft.spage=14&rft.epage=28&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.suscom.2018.05.002&rft.externalDocID=S2210537917304067 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2210-5379&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2210-5379&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2210-5379&client=summon |