Investigating Effects of Nano- to Micro-Ampere Alternating Current Stimulation on Trichophyton rubrum Growth
Fungi are eukaryotic microorganisms including yeast and molds. Many studies have focused on modifying bacterial growth, but few on fungal growth. Microcurrent electricity may stimulate fungal growth. This study aims to investigate effects of microcurrent electric stimulation on growth. Standard-size...
Saved in:
| Published in | Annals of dermatology Vol. 28; no. 5; pp. 575 - 578 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Korea (South)
Korean Dermatological Association; The Korean Society for Investigative Dermatology
01.10.2016
대한피부과학회 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1013-9087 2005-3894 |
| DOI | 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575 |
Cover
| Abstract | Fungi are eukaryotic microorganisms including yeast and molds. Many studies have focused on modifying bacterial growth, but few on fungal growth. Microcurrent electricity may stimulate fungal growth.
This study aims to investigate effects of microcurrent electric stimulation on
growth.
Standard-sized inoculums of
derived from a spore suspension were applied to potato dextrose cornmeal agar (PDACC) plates, gently withdrawn with a sterile pipette, and were applied to twelve PDACC plates with a sterile spreader. Twelve Petri dishes were divided into four groups. The given amperage of electric current was 500 nA, 2 µA, and 4 µA in groups A, B, and C, respectively. No electric current was given in group D.
In the first 48 hours, colonies only appeared in groups A and B (500 nA and 2 µA exposure). Colonies in group A (500 nA) were denser. Group C (4 µA) plates showed a barely visible film of fungus after 96 hours of incubation. Fungal growth became visible after 144 hours in the control group.
Lower intensities of electric current caused faster fungal growth within the amperage range used in this study. Based on these results, further studies with a larger sample size, various fungal species, and various intensities of electric stimulation should be conducted. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | BACKGROUNDFungi are eukaryotic microorganisms including yeast and molds. Many studies have focused on modifying bacterial growth, but few on fungal growth. Microcurrent electricity may stimulate fungal growth.OBJECTIVEThis study aims to investigate effects of microcurrent electric stimulation on Trichophyton rubrum growth.METHODSStandard-sized inoculums of T. rubrum derived from a spore suspension were applied to potato dextrose cornmeal agar (PDACC) plates, gently withdrawn with a sterile pipette, and were applied to twelve PDACC plates with a sterile spreader. Twelve Petri dishes were divided into four groups. The given amperage of electric current was 500 nA, 2 µA, and 4 µA in groups A, B, and C, respectively. No electric current was given in group D.RESULTSIn the first 48 hours, colonies only appeared in groups A and B (500 nA and 2 µA exposure). Colonies in group A (500 nA) were denser. Group C (4 µA) plates showed a barely visible film of fungus after 96 hours of incubation. Fungal growth became visible after 144 hours in the control group.CONCLUSIONLower intensities of electric current caused faster fungal growth within the amperage range used in this study. Based on these results, further studies with a larger sample size, various fungal species, and various intensities of electric stimulation should be conducted. Background: Fungi are eukaryotic microorganisms including yeast and molds. Many studies have focused on modifying bacterial growth, but few on fungal growth. Microcurrent electricity may stimulate fungal growth. Objective: This study aims to investigate effects of microcurrent electric stimulation on Trichophyton rubrum growth. Methods: Standard- sized inoculums of T. rubrum derived from a spore suspension were applied to potato dextrose cornmeal agar (PDACC) plates, gently withdrawn with a sterile pipette, and were applied to twelve PDACC plates with a sterile spreader. Twelve Petri dishes were divided into four groups. The given amperage of electric current was 500 nA, 2 μA, and 4 μA in groups A, B, and C, respectively. No electric current was given in group D. Results: In the first 48 hours, colonies only appeared in groups A and B (500 nA and 2 μA exposure). Colonies in group A (500 nA) were denser. Group C (4 μA) plates showed a barely visible film of fungus after 96 hours of incubation. Fungal growth became visible after 144 hours in the control group. Conclusion: Lower intensities of electric current caused faster fungal growth within the amperage range used in this study. Based on these results, further studies with a larger sample size, various fungal species, and various intensities of electric stimulation should be conducted. KCI Citation Count: 2 Fungi are eukaryotic microorganisms including yeast and molds. Many studies have focused on modifying bacterial growth, but few on fungal growth. Microcurrent electricity may stimulate fungal growth. This study aims to investigate effects of microcurrent electric stimulation on growth. Standard-sized inoculums of derived from a spore suspension were applied to potato dextrose cornmeal agar (PDACC) plates, gently withdrawn with a sterile pipette, and were applied to twelve PDACC plates with a sterile spreader. Twelve Petri dishes were divided into four groups. The given amperage of electric current was 500 nA, 2 µA, and 4 µA in groups A, B, and C, respectively. No electric current was given in group D. In the first 48 hours, colonies only appeared in groups A and B (500 nA and 2 µA exposure). Colonies in group A (500 nA) were denser. Group C (4 µA) plates showed a barely visible film of fungus after 96 hours of incubation. Fungal growth became visible after 144 hours in the control group. Lower intensities of electric current caused faster fungal growth within the amperage range used in this study. Based on these results, further studies with a larger sample size, various fungal species, and various intensities of electric stimulation should be conducted. |
| Author | Lee, Woo Ram Kwon, Dong Rak Park, Joonsoo Kwon, Hyunjung |
| AuthorAffiliation | Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea 2 Department of Pathology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea 1 Department of Dermatology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Department of Pathology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea – name: 1 Department of Dermatology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea – name: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Dong Rak surname: Kwon fullname: Kwon, Dong Rak organization: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea – sequence: 2 givenname: Hyunjung surname: Kwon fullname: Kwon, Hyunjung organization: Department of Dermatology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea – sequence: 3 givenname: Woo Ram surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Woo Ram organization: Department of Pathology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea – sequence: 4 givenname: Joonsoo surname: Park fullname: Park, Joonsoo organization: Department of Dermatology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27746636$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002151229$$DAccess content in National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) |
| BookMark | eNpVkUtv1DAUhS1U1E4Le1YoSzYJfsSvDdJo1JaRCkgwrC3HY8-YJnZwnFb99_V0aAHJ0pWvP9-jc885OAkxWADeIdhQiNFHvW0wRKzBoqEN5fQVWGAIaU2EbE_AAkFEagkFPwPn0_QLQoYwR6fgDHPeMkbYAvTrcGen7Hc6-7CrLp2zJk9VdNVXHWJd5Vh98SbFejmMNtlq2WebwhFezSnZkKsf2Q9zX3oxVOVskjf7OO4fcrmkuUvzUF2neJ_3b8Brp_vJvv1TL8DPq8vN6nN98-16vVre1Ia0MNfISNhJJ6F0Dm65JQYZJ7lxGvNWaNt1wrFWOMqIwU4W35wb1jkocWuZpOQCfDjODcmpW-NV1P6p7qK6TWr5fbNWWBLRHtBPR3Scu8FuTfGTdK_G5AedHp4-_v8S_L6MuVMUshYJ9ldrTPH3XFapBj8Z2_c62DhPCglCWyIYlwV9_6_Wi8hzGgWAR6AsfJqSdS8IguoQuNJbdQhcYaGoKsbJIzPZoAU |
| Cites_doi | 10.5021/ad.2000.12.3.189 10.1080/00362177185190331 10.7547/0940565 10.1016/j.ejpb.2013.01.015 10.1002/bit.21760 10.1016/0304-4173(78)90009-5 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)65227-5 10.1172/JCI109208 10.1038/1991306a0 10.1111/j.1469-185X.1966.tb01501.x 10.1042/bst0040399 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2016 The Korean Dermatological Association and The Korean Society for Investigative Dermatology 2016 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: Copyright © 2016 The Korean Dermatological Association and The Korean Society for Investigative Dermatology 2016 |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION NPM 7X8 5PM ACYCR |
| DOI | 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef PubMed MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) Korean Citation Index |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic PubMed |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine |
| EISSN | 2005-3894 |
| EndPage | 578 |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_293845 PMC5064186 27746636 10_5021_ad_2016_28_5_575 |
| Genre | Journal Article |
| GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: ; grantid: 2013 – fundername: ; grantid: NRF-2016R1D1A1B01014260 |
| GroupedDBID | 23M 5-W 53G 5GY 8JR 8XY 9ZL AAYXX ACYCR ADBBV AENEX ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AOIJS BAWUL C1A CITATION DIK E3Z EF. F5P HYE HZB MZR OK1 RPM TR2 ZZE NPM 7X8 85H 5PM M~E |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c340t-1c90b9f909ff0d7e3c1cf97cfa2748aebb8f648f563c2f957577c6bf0924e6953 |
| ISSN | 1013-9087 |
| IngestDate | Tue Nov 21 21:40:13 EST 2023 Thu Aug 21 13:25:59 EDT 2025 Fri Sep 05 12:36:41 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 03 07:02:20 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 02:57:09 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | false |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 5 |
| Keywords | Electric stimulation Trichophyton Alternating current |
| Language | English |
| License | This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| LinkModel | OpenURL |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c340t-1c90b9f909ff0d7e3c1cf97cfa2748aebb8f648f563c2f957577c6bf0924e6953 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 G704-002233.2016.28.5.029 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5064186 |
| PMID | 27746636 |
| PQID | 1835438679 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| PageCount | 4 |
| ParticipantIDs | nrf_kci_oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_293845 pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5064186 proquest_miscellaneous_1835438679 pubmed_primary_27746636 crossref_primary_10_5021_ad_2016_28_5_575 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2016-10-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2016-10-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 10 year: 2016 text: 2016-10-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationPlace | Korea (South) |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Korea (South) |
| PublicationTitle | Annals of dermatology |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Ann Dermatol |
| PublicationYear | 2016 |
| Publisher | Korean Dermatological Association; The Korean Society for Investigative Dermatology 대한피부과학회 |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Korean Dermatological Association; The Korean Society for Investigative Dermatology – name: 대한피부과학회 |
| References | Kaziro (10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref10) 1978; 505 Hubel (10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref12) 1978; 62 Pommerville (10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref1) 2010 Lusiana (10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref3) 2013; 84 Hong (10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref6) 2008; 100 Mitchell (10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref8) 1966; 41 Keller (10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref11) 1956; 221 Kalinowski (10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref13) 2004; 94 Mitchell (10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref9) 1976; 4 Cheng (10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref7) 1982 Bozoky (10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref14) 1963; 199 Tampieri (10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref2) 2004; 46 Kim (10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref4) 2000; 12 Gentles (10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref5) 1971; 9 15547124 - J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2004 Nov-Dec;94(6):565-72 711850 - J Clin Invest. 1978 Nov;62(5):1039-47 4255775 - Sabouraudia. 1971 Jul;9(2):149-52 15305713 - Parassitologia. 2004 Jun;46(1-2):183-6 18080346 - Biotechnol Bioeng. 2008 Jun 1;100(2):379-86 13345797 - J Biol Chem. 1956 Jul;221(1):45-59 137147 - Biochem Soc Trans. 1976;4(3):399-430 23419812 - Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2013 Aug;84(3):599-605 361078 - Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978 Sep 21;505(1):95-127 14074613 - Nature. 1963 Sep 28;199:1306 5329743 - Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 1966 Aug;41(3):445-502 7140077 - Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1982 Nov-Dec;(171):264-72 |
| References_xml | – volume: 12 start-page: 189 year: 2000 ident: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref4 publication-title: Ann Dermatol doi: 10.5021/ad.2000.12.3.189 – volume: 9 start-page: 149 year: 1971 ident: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref5 publication-title: Sabouraudia doi: 10.1080/00362177185190331 – volume: 94 start-page: 565 year: 2004 ident: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref13 publication-title: J Am Podiatr Med Assoc doi: 10.7547/0940565 – volume: 84 start-page: 599 year: 2013 ident: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref3 publication-title: Eur J Pharm Biopharm doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2013.01.015 – volume-title: Alcamo's fundamentals of microbiology year: 2010 ident: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref1 – volume: 100 start-page: 379 year: 2008 ident: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref6 publication-title: Biotechnol Bioeng doi: 10.1002/bit.21760 – volume: 505 start-page: 95 year: 1978 ident: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref10 publication-title: Biochim Biophys Acta doi: 10.1016/0304-4173(78)90009-5 – volume: 46 start-page: 183 year: 2004 ident: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref2 publication-title: Parassitologia – volume: 221 start-page: 45 year: 1956 ident: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref11 publication-title: J Biol Chem doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)65227-5 – volume: 62 start-page: 1039 year: 1978 ident: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref12 publication-title: J Clin Invest doi: 10.1172/JCI109208 – volume: 199 start-page: 1306 year: 1963 ident: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref14 publication-title: Nature doi: 10.1038/1991306a0 – volume: 41 start-page: 445 year: 1966 ident: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref8 publication-title: Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc doi: 10.1111/j.1469-185X.1966.tb01501.x – volume: 4 start-page: 399 year: 1976 ident: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref9 publication-title: Biochem Soc Trans doi: 10.1042/bst0040399 – start-page: 264 issue: 171 year: 1982 ident: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.575_ref7 publication-title: Clin Orthop Relat Res – reference: 7140077 - Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1982 Nov-Dec;(171):264-72 – reference: 15547124 - J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2004 Nov-Dec;94(6):565-72 – reference: 13345797 - J Biol Chem. 1956 Jul;221(1):45-59 – reference: 15305713 - Parassitologia. 2004 Jun;46(1-2):183-6 – reference: 711850 - J Clin Invest. 1978 Nov;62(5):1039-47 – reference: 23419812 - Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2013 Aug;84(3):599-605 – reference: 18080346 - Biotechnol Bioeng. 2008 Jun 1;100(2):379-86 – reference: 361078 - Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978 Sep 21;505(1):95-127 – reference: 14074613 - Nature. 1963 Sep 28;199:1306 – reference: 5329743 - Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 1966 Aug;41(3):445-502 – reference: 137147 - Biochem Soc Trans. 1976;4(3):399-430 – reference: 4255775 - Sabouraudia. 1971 Jul;9(2):149-52 |
| SSID | ssj0061271 |
| Score | 2.0385513 |
| Snippet | Fungi are eukaryotic microorganisms including yeast and molds. Many studies have focused on modifying bacterial growth, but few on fungal growth. Microcurrent... BACKGROUNDFungi are eukaryotic microorganisms including yeast and molds. Many studies have focused on modifying bacterial growth, but few on fungal growth.... Background: Fungi are eukaryotic microorganisms including yeast and molds. Many studies have focused on modifying bacterial growth, but few on fungal growth.... |
| SourceID | nrf pubmedcentral proquest pubmed crossref |
| SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database |
| StartPage | 575 |
| SubjectTerms | Original 피부과학 |
| Title | Investigating Effects of Nano- to Micro-Ampere Alternating Current Stimulation on Trichophyton rubrum Growth |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27746636 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1835438679 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5064186 https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002151229 |
| Volume | 28 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| ispartofPNX | Annals of Dermatology, 2016, 28(5), , pp.575-578 |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3di9QwEA_eCeKL-O36RQRfRLr2I02bx0VP1pP1Qe_w3kKbbdx1b5ujthz61zvTpNtuOUGFpS1tSEp-v53MZKYzhLxMYU2LQpFi-fbIYyAbvTzKlcdioTMmFEvbon2LT3x-yo7P4rM-rKj9uqTOp-rXld-V_A-qcA9wxa9k_wHZXadwA64BXzgCwnD8K4wHSTLA4D_qQzNAZhoP1coFxtt5M9CNq-L17Nzt_qGr3-Vl-lKvt66CF_oNTkAsrgxMPWbbqJq8ara4PXVZr4ZabJ91eYmCvd7bmv94aR3577CK0edsM74__9mU3xu3YPahQF-Ngdbb3qVlY7iPDUyeMcPNiYDvwtw6eYrFI4Tv1lQncMN0QKx4ID1jW0RlLNVj0ENwycLErgGfhuk0no6aAi4X2xblEPRZ0KJG6bXbBbt7dECuw2Xr1G_3duy6DaqeNc-7V7ZObRz8zXhoTCHtOtvTZw7KSl9lqowjbgcqzMltcsvZHnRmiXSHXCvKu-TGwkVX3CPne3yijk_UaNryidaGDvlEB3yijk90wCcKvyGfqOUTtXy6T07fH528nXuuGoenIubXXqCEnwstfKG1v0yKSAVKi0TpLExYmhV5nmrOUh3zSIVawCwlieK59sHCL7iIowfksDRl8YhQxeOMsWKZ5SJjiQjhlIRM8SJheZRoPiGvujmVFzbpigRjFaGQ2VIiFDJMZSxhkAl5AZMuN2otMVM6nr8Zuakk2IMfJCizKcM2HSQSpCe6xLKyMM0PGeC-Z4RJJyfkoYVoN2KH8IQke-DtGuB4-0_K9arN0I5ZIIOUP_5jn0_Izf7v8pQc1lVTPAPtts6ft6T8DQx9pWA |
| linkProvider | National Library of Medicine |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Investigating+Effects+of+Nano-+to+Micro-Ampere+Alternating+Current+Stimulation+on+Trichophyton+rubrum+Growth&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+dermatology&rft.au=Kwon%2C+Dong+Rak&rft.au=Kwon%2C+Hyunjung&rft.au=Lee%2C+Woo+Ram&rft.au=Park%2C+Joonsoo&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.issn=1013-9087&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=575&rft_id=info:doi/10.5021%2Fad.2016.28.5.575&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27746636&rft.externalDocID=27746636 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1013-9087&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1013-9087&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1013-9087&client=summon |