Systematic review and meta-analysis of urban-rural differences in parenting styles among Chinese secondary school students
Previous literature has reported inconsistent findings regarding urban–rural differences in parenting styles among Chinese parents. This meta-analysis aims to reconcile these discrepancies. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, OVID, Web of Knowledge, CNKI, Wan Fang, and Cho...
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| Published in | Acta psychologica Vol. 259; p. 105358 |
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| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Netherlands
Elsevier B.V
01.09.2025
Elsevier |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0001-6918 1873-6297 1873-6297 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105358 |
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| Abstract | Previous literature has reported inconsistent findings regarding urban–rural differences in parenting styles among Chinese parents. This meta-analysis aims to reconcile these discrepancies.
A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, OVID, Web of Knowledge, CNKI, Wan Fang, and Chongqing VIP databases through February 11, 2024, with no restrictions on language, date, or document type. A random effects model was applied using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 software, and study quality was assessed using a standardized checklist.
Forty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria, including 16,222 urban and 14,975 rural secondary school students. The analysis showed that urban parents demonstrate significantly higher levels of warmth and overprotection than rural parents. These differences are likely attributable to disparities in economic status, educational attainment, parental age, household structure, and broader social conditions. Notably, regional factors moderated urban–rural differences in maternal overprotection, with more pronounced contrasts observed in Eastern China than in other regions.
The findings highlight the complex interaction between urban–rural disparities and regional variation in Chinese parenting practices. These insights may inform the development of more context-sensitive policies and interventions to support families across diverse settings in China. |
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| AbstractList | Previous literature has reported inconsistent findings regarding urban-rural differences in parenting styles among Chinese parents. This meta-analysis aims to reconcile these discrepancies.OBJECTIVEPrevious literature has reported inconsistent findings regarding urban-rural differences in parenting styles among Chinese parents. This meta-analysis aims to reconcile these discrepancies.A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, OVID, Web of Knowledge, CNKI, Wan Fang, and Chongqing VIP databases through February 11, 2024, with no restrictions on language, date, or document type. A random effects model was applied using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 software, and study quality was assessed using a standardized checklist.DESIGNA comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, OVID, Web of Knowledge, CNKI, Wan Fang, and Chongqing VIP databases through February 11, 2024, with no restrictions on language, date, or document type. A random effects model was applied using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 software, and study quality was assessed using a standardized checklist.Forty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria, including 16,222 urban and 14,975 rural secondary school students. The analysis showed that urban parents demonstrate significantly higher levels of warmth and overprotection than rural parents. These differences are likely attributable to disparities in economic status, educational attainment, parental age, household structure, and broader social conditions. Notably, regional factors moderated urban-rural differences in maternal overprotection, with more pronounced contrasts observed in Eastern China than in other regions.RESULTSForty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria, including 16,222 urban and 14,975 rural secondary school students. The analysis showed that urban parents demonstrate significantly higher levels of warmth and overprotection than rural parents. These differences are likely attributable to disparities in economic status, educational attainment, parental age, household structure, and broader social conditions. Notably, regional factors moderated urban-rural differences in maternal overprotection, with more pronounced contrasts observed in Eastern China than in other regions.The findings highlight the complex interaction between urban-rural disparities and regional variation in Chinese parenting practices. These insights may inform the development of more context-sensitive policies and interventions to support families across diverse settings in China.CONCLUSIONSThe findings highlight the complex interaction between urban-rural disparities and regional variation in Chinese parenting practices. These insights may inform the development of more context-sensitive policies and interventions to support families across diverse settings in China. Previous literature has reported inconsistent findings regarding urban-rural differences in parenting styles among Chinese parents. This meta-analysis aims to reconcile these discrepancies. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, OVID, Web of Knowledge, CNKI, Wan Fang, and Chongqing VIP databases through February 11, 2024, with no restrictions on language, date, or document type. A random effects model was applied using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 software, and study quality was assessed using a standardized checklist. Forty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria, including 16,222 urban and 14,975 rural secondary school students. The analysis showed that urban parents demonstrate significantly higher levels of warmth and overprotection than rural parents. These differences are likely attributable to disparities in economic status, educational attainment, parental age, household structure, and broader social conditions. Notably, regional factors moderated urban-rural differences in maternal overprotection, with more pronounced contrasts observed in Eastern China than in other regions. The findings highlight the complex interaction between urban-rural disparities and regional variation in Chinese parenting practices. These insights may inform the development of more context-sensitive policies and interventions to support families across diverse settings in China. Objective: Previous literature has reported inconsistent findings regarding urban–rural differences in parenting styles among Chinese parents. This meta-analysis aims to reconcile these discrepancies. Design: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, OVID, Web of Knowledge, CNKI, Wan Fang, and Chongqing VIP databases through February 11, 2024, with no restrictions on language, date, or document type. A random effects model was applied using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 software, and study quality was assessed using a standardized checklist. Results: Forty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria, including 16,222 urban and 14,975 rural secondary school students. The analysis showed that urban parents demonstrate significantly higher levels of warmth and overprotection than rural parents. These differences are likely attributable to disparities in economic status, educational attainment, parental age, household structure, and broader social conditions. Notably, regional factors moderated urban–rural differences in maternal overprotection, with more pronounced contrasts observed in Eastern China than in other regions. Conclusions: The findings highlight the complex interaction between urban–rural disparities and regional variation in Chinese parenting practices. These insights may inform the development of more context-sensitive policies and interventions to support families across diverse settings in China. |
| ArticleNumber | 105358 |
| Author | Yan, Lixia Zhang, Junhua Sun, Guanqi |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Lixia surname: Yan fullname: Yan, Lixia organization: School of Education Science, Jiangsu Provincial University Key Laboratory for Child Cognitive Development and Mental Health, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province 224002, People's Republic of China – sequence: 2 givenname: Guanqi surname: Sun fullname: Sun, Guanqi organization: School of Education Science, Jiangsu Provincial University Key Laboratory for Child Cognitive Development and Mental Health, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province 224002, People's Republic of China – sequence: 3 givenname: Junhua surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Junhua email: junhuazh2003@163.com organization: School of Education Science, Jiangsu Provincial University Key Laboratory for Child Cognitive Development and Mental Health, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province 224002, People's Republic of China |
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| Keywords | Urban–rural differences Secondary school students Parenting style China Meta-analysis |
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| Title | Systematic review and meta-analysis of urban-rural differences in parenting styles among Chinese secondary school students |
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