Exploring the heterogeneity and nonlinearity of trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services bundles in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration

• Published in: Ecosystem services Vol. 43; p. 101103
• Main Authors: Shen, Jiashu, Li, Shuangcheng, Liang, Ze, Liu, Laibao, Li, Delong, Wu, Shuyao
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01.06.2020
• Subjects: Bundles; Ecosystem services; ecosystems; Heterogeneity; landscapes; natural capital; Nonlinearity; statistical analysis; Synergies; Trade-offs; Heterogeneity; Nonlinearity; Ecosystem services; Trade-offs; Bundles; Synergies

•Six ecosystem services (ESs) and the relationships among them were analysed.•The relationships among the same types of ESs differed in different bundles of ESs.•Trade-offs and synergies among bundled ESs were heterogeneous and nonlinear.•There were all-win and zero-sum exceptions of trade-offs amon...