Anticoccidial effect of toltrazuril and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis combination: Reduced inflammation and promoted mucosal immunity
•Toltrazuril (Tol) and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis (RSF) combination exerts moderate anticoccidial effect.•Tol and RSF combination repaired the cecal villus structure.•Tol and RSF combination reduced inflammation.•Tol and RSF combination promoted mucosal immunity. An anticoccidial model of chicken i...
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| Published in | Veterinary parasitology Vol. 296; p. 109477 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier B.V
01.08.2021
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| Subjects | |
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| Abstract | •Toltrazuril (Tol) and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis (RSF) combination exerts moderate anticoccidial effect.•Tol and RSF combination repaired the cecal villus structure.•Tol and RSF combination reduced inflammation.•Tol and RSF combination promoted mucosal immunity.
An anticoccidial model of chicken infected with Eimeria tenella was established to investigate the effect of toltrazuril (Tol) combined with the Radix Sophorae Flavescentis (RSF) on coccidiosis. The anticoccidial index (ACI) was evaluated, and the cecal developmental parameters (i.e., villus height, [VH], crypt depth, [CD], and VH/CD) were determined. The distributions of glycoproteins and goblet cells in the cecal tissue were determined through the Periodic Acid–Schiff (PAS) and Alcian blue PAS staining methods, respectively. The mRNA expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17 of the cecal tissue were determined through quantitative real-time PCR. The moderate ACI was obtained using the combination of Tol and RSF. Compared with the normal control (NC) group, the infected control (IC) group showed remarkably lower VH and VH/CD at five and seven days postinfection. Compared with the IC group, the IC + RSF and IC + TolRSF groups showed remarkably higher VH and VH/CD at five and seven days postinfection. Compared with the NC group, the IC group contained fewer glycoproteins and goblet cells, but the Tol and RSF treatment promoted more glycoproteins and goblet cells at five and seven days postinfection. The mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17 in the IC group were upregulated (P < 0.01) compared with those in the NC group. The IC + RSF and IC + TolRSF groups had downregulated mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 cytokines (P < 0.01), and upregulated mRNA expression levels of IL-2 and IL-4 cytokines (P < 0.01) compared with the IC group. Results showed that the combination of Tol and RSF exerts anticoccidial effect by reducing inflammation and promoting intestinal mucosal immunity. |
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| AbstractList | •Toltrazuril (Tol) and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis (RSF) combination exerts moderate anticoccidial effect.•Tol and RSF combination repaired the cecal villus structure.•Tol and RSF combination reduced inflammation.•Tol and RSF combination promoted mucosal immunity.
An anticoccidial model of chicken infected with Eimeria tenella was established to investigate the effect of toltrazuril (Tol) combined with the Radix Sophorae Flavescentis (RSF) on coccidiosis. The anticoccidial index (ACI) was evaluated, and the cecal developmental parameters (i.e., villus height, [VH], crypt depth, [CD], and VH/CD) were determined. The distributions of glycoproteins and goblet cells in the cecal tissue were determined through the Periodic Acid–Schiff (PAS) and Alcian blue PAS staining methods, respectively. The mRNA expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17 of the cecal tissue were determined through quantitative real-time PCR. The moderate ACI was obtained using the combination of Tol and RSF. Compared with the normal control (NC) group, the infected control (IC) group showed remarkably lower VH and VH/CD at five and seven days postinfection. Compared with the IC group, the IC + RSF and IC + TolRSF groups showed remarkably higher VH and VH/CD at five and seven days postinfection. Compared with the NC group, the IC group contained fewer glycoproteins and goblet cells, but the Tol and RSF treatment promoted more glycoproteins and goblet cells at five and seven days postinfection. The mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17 in the IC group were upregulated (P < 0.01) compared with those in the NC group. The IC + RSF and IC + TolRSF groups had downregulated mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 cytokines (P < 0.01), and upregulated mRNA expression levels of IL-2 and IL-4 cytokines (P < 0.01) compared with the IC group. Results showed that the combination of Tol and RSF exerts anticoccidial effect by reducing inflammation and promoting intestinal mucosal immunity. |
| ArticleNumber | 109477 |
| Author | Yang, Jing-Yun Zhou, Bian-Hua Chen, Qiu-peng Tian, Er-Jie Wang, Hong-Wei Ding, Hai-Yan |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Bian-Hua surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, Bian-Hua email: zhoubh@haust.edu.cn organization: College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, Henan, 471023, People’s Republic of China – sequence: 2 givenname: Jing-Yun surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Jing-Yun organization: College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, Henan, 471023, People’s Republic of China – sequence: 3 givenname: Hai-Yan surname: Ding fullname: Ding, Hai-Yan organization: College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, Henan, 471023, People’s Republic of China – sequence: 4 givenname: Qiu-peng surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Qiu-peng organization: Pingdingshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 5 Nongke Road, Zhanhe District, Pingdingshan, Henan, 467100, People’s Republic of China – sequence: 5 givenname: Er-Jie surname: Tian fullname: Tian, Er-Jie organization: College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, Henan, 471023, People’s Republic of China – sequence: 6 givenname: Hong-Wei surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Hong-Wei organization: College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, Henan, 471023, People’s Republic of China |
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| Title | Anticoccidial effect of toltrazuril and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis combination: Reduced inflammation and promoted mucosal immunity |
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