Metabolic Crosstalk between Liver and Brain: From Diseases to Mechanisms

Multiple organs and tissues coordinate to respond to dietary and environmental challenges. It is interorgan crosstalk that contributes to systemic metabolic homeostasis. The liver and brain, as key metabolic organs, have their unique dialogue to transmit metabolic messages. The interconnected pathog...

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Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 25; no. 14; p. 7621
Main Authors Yang, Xiaoyue, Qiu, Kangli, Jiang, Yaoyao, Huang, Yumei, Zhang, Yajuan, Liao, Yunfei
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 01.07.2024
Subjects
Ammonia
Animals
Brain
Brain - metabolism
Brain research
Cognition & reasoning
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Genetic engineering
Genetically modified organisms
hepatokines
Homeostasis
Humans
Hypothalamus
interorgan crosstalk
Ischemia
Liver
Liver - metabolism
Liver cirrhosis
Liver diseases
Metabolic disorders
metabolism
Metabolites
Nervous system
Nervous system diseases
Neurodegeneration
Pathogenesis
Physiology
Stroke
Type 2 diabetes
autonomic nervous system
hepatokines
interorgan crosstalk
liver
metabolism
brain
metabolites
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Abstract Multiple organs and tissues coordinate to respond to dietary and environmental challenges. It is interorgan crosstalk that contributes to systemic metabolic homeostasis. The liver and brain, as key metabolic organs, have their unique dialogue to transmit metabolic messages. The interconnected pathogenesis of liver and brain is implicated in numerous metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. Recent insights have positioned the liver not only as a central metabolic hub but also as an endocrine organ, capable of secreting hepatokines that transmit metabolic signals throughout the body via the bloodstream. Metabolites from the liver or gut microbiota also facilitate a complex dialogue between liver and brain. In parallel to humoral factors, the neural pathways, particularly the hypothalamic nuclei and autonomic nervous system, are pivotal in modulating the bilateral metabolic interplay between the cerebral and hepatic compartments. The term "liver-brain axis" vividly portrays this interaction. At the end of this review, we summarize cutting-edge technical advancements that have enabled the observation and manipulation of these signals, including genetic engineering, molecular tracing, and delivery technologies. These innovations are paving the way for a deeper understanding of the liver-brain axis and its role in metabolic homeostasis.
AbstractList Multiple organs and tissues coordinate to respond to dietary and environmental challenges. It is interorgan crosstalk that contributes to systemic metabolic homeostasis. The liver and brain, as key metabolic organs, have their unique dialogue to transmit metabolic messages. The interconnected pathogenesis of liver and brain is implicated in numerous metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. Recent insights have positioned the liver not only as a central metabolic hub but also as an endocrine organ, capable of secreting hepatokines that transmit metabolic signals throughout the body via the bloodstream. Metabolites from the liver or gut microbiota also facilitate a complex dialogue between liver and brain. In parallel to humoral factors, the neural pathways, particularly the hypothalamic nuclei and autonomic nervous system, are pivotal in modulating the bilateral metabolic interplay between the cerebral and hepatic compartments. The term “liver–brain axis” vividly portrays this interaction. At the end of this review, we summarize cutting-edge technical advancements that have enabled the observation and manipulation of these signals, including genetic engineering, molecular tracing, and delivery technologies. These innovations are paving the way for a deeper understanding of the liver–brain axis and its role in metabolic homeostasis.
Multiple organs and tissues coordinate to respond to dietary and environmental challenges. It is interorgan crosstalk that contributes to systemic metabolic homeostasis. The liver and brain, as key metabolic organs, have their unique dialogue to transmit metabolic messages. The interconnected pathogenesis of liver and brain is implicated in numerous metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. Recent insights have positioned the liver not only as a central metabolic hub but also as an endocrine organ, capable of secreting hepatokines that transmit metabolic signals throughout the body via the bloodstream. Metabolites from the liver or gut microbiota also facilitate a complex dialogue between liver and brain. In parallel to humoral factors, the neural pathways, particularly the hypothalamic nuclei and autonomic nervous system, are pivotal in modulating the bilateral metabolic interplay between the cerebral and hepatic compartments. The term "liver-brain axis" vividly portrays this interaction. At the end of this review, we summarize cutting-edge technical advancements that have enabled the observation and manipulation of these signals, including genetic engineering, molecular tracing, and delivery technologies. These innovations are paving the way for a deeper understanding of the liver-brain axis and its role in metabolic homeostasis.Multiple organs and tissues coordinate to respond to dietary and environmental challenges. It is interorgan crosstalk that contributes to systemic metabolic homeostasis. The liver and brain, as key metabolic organs, have their unique dialogue to transmit metabolic messages. The interconnected pathogenesis of liver and brain is implicated in numerous metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. Recent insights have positioned the liver not only as a central metabolic hub but also as an endocrine organ, capable of secreting hepatokines that transmit metabolic signals throughout the body via the bloodstream. Metabolites from the liver or gut microbiota also facilitate a complex dialogue between liver and brain. In parallel to humoral factors, the neural pathways, particularly the hypothalamic nuclei and autonomic nervous system, are pivotal in modulating the bilateral metabolic interplay between the cerebral and hepatic compartments. The term "liver-brain axis" vividly portrays this interaction. At the end of this review, we summarize cutting-edge technical advancements that have enabled the observation and manipulation of these signals, including genetic engineering, molecular tracing, and delivery technologies. These innovations are paving the way for a deeper understanding of the liver-brain axis and its role in metabolic homeostasis.
Audience Academic
Author Zhang, Yajuan
Yang, Xiaoyue
Qiu, Kangli
Jiang, Yaoyao
Liao, Yunfei
Huang, Yumei
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  givenname: Yaoyao
  surname: Jiang
  fullname: Jiang, Yaoyao
  organization: Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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  givenname: Yumei
  surname: Huang
  fullname: Huang, Yumei
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  givenname: Yajuan
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  surname: Liao
  fullname: Liao, Yunfei
  organization: Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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hepatokines
interorgan crosstalk
liver
metabolism
brain
metabolites
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Snippet Multiple organs and tissues coordinate to respond to dietary and environmental challenges. It is interorgan crosstalk that contributes to systemic metabolic...
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SubjectTerms Ammonia
Animals
Brain
Brain - metabolism
Brain research
Cognition & reasoning
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Genetic engineering
Genetically modified organisms
hepatokines
Homeostasis
Humans
Hypothalamus
interorgan crosstalk
Ischemia
Liver
Liver - metabolism
Liver cirrhosis
Liver diseases
Metabolic disorders
metabolism
Metabolites
Nervous system
Nervous system diseases
Neurodegeneration
Pathogenesis
Physiology
Stroke
Type 2 diabetes
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Title Metabolic Crosstalk between Liver and Brain: From Diseases to Mechanisms
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Volume 25
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