Physiological responses and adaptive strategies of tomato plants to salt and alkali stresses
► In this study, we determined concentrations of solutes in tissue sap. ► Alkali stress has complex effects on tomato metabolism specifically root physiology. ► Alkali stress might affect the control of root to Na + uptake. ► The damaging effects of alkali stress on roots and leaves of tomato were d...
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Published in | Scientia horticulturae Vol. 130; no. 1; pp. 248 - 255 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Amsterdam
Elsevier B.V
26.08.2011
Elsevier |
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Abstract | ► In this study, we determined concentrations of solutes in tissue sap. ► Alkali stress has complex effects on tomato metabolism specifically root physiology. ► Alkali stress might affect the control of root to Na
+ uptake. ► The damaging effects of alkali stress on roots and leaves of tomato were different. ► Tomato roots and leaves differed in the osmotic regulation and ion balance.
In this study, seedlings of tomato were treated with salt stress or alkali stress. The growth, photosynthesis and concentrations of solutes and inorganic ions in tissue sap of stressed seedlings were measured to investigate the physiological adaptive mechanisms by which tomato tolerates alkali stress. The alkali stress clearly inhibited growth and photosynthesis. With increasing salinity, the Na
+ concentration and Na
+/K
+ ratio in leaves increased, with greater degrees of increase under alkali than under salt stress. This indicated that high-pH caused by alkali stress might affect the control of roots on Na
+ uptake and increased the intracellular Na
+ to a toxic level, which might be the main cause of reductions of stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rates under alkali stress. Under salt stress, organic acids (OAs), Na
+, K
+ and Cl
− were the main osmolytes in both roots and leaves. Under alkali stress, roots and leaves revealed different mechanisms of ion balance and osmotic regulation. Under alkali stress, in roots, OAs and Na
+ were the main osmolytes, and the osmotic role of K
+ was small; however, in leaves, OAs, Na
+ and K
+ all played important osmotic roles. The mechanisms governing ionic balance under both stresses were different. Under salt stress, the contribution of inorganic ions to keep ion balance was greater than that of OAs. However, under alkali stress, Cl
−, H
2PO
4
− and SO
4
2− concentrations decreased, and tomato might have enhanced OA synthesis to compensate for the shortage of inorganic anions. |
---|---|
AbstractList | ► In this study, we determined concentrations of solutes in tissue sap. ► Alkali stress has complex effects on tomato metabolism specifically root physiology. ► Alkali stress might affect the control of root to Na
+ uptake. ► The damaging effects of alkali stress on roots and leaves of tomato were different. ► Tomato roots and leaves differed in the osmotic regulation and ion balance.
In this study, seedlings of tomato were treated with salt stress or alkali stress. The growth, photosynthesis and concentrations of solutes and inorganic ions in tissue sap of stressed seedlings were measured to investigate the physiological adaptive mechanisms by which tomato tolerates alkali stress. The alkali stress clearly inhibited growth and photosynthesis. With increasing salinity, the Na
+ concentration and Na
+/K
+ ratio in leaves increased, with greater degrees of increase under alkali than under salt stress. This indicated that high-pH caused by alkali stress might affect the control of roots on Na
+ uptake and increased the intracellular Na
+ to a toxic level, which might be the main cause of reductions of stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rates under alkali stress. Under salt stress, organic acids (OAs), Na
+, K
+ and Cl
− were the main osmolytes in both roots and leaves. Under alkali stress, roots and leaves revealed different mechanisms of ion balance and osmotic regulation. Under alkali stress, in roots, OAs and Na
+ were the main osmolytes, and the osmotic role of K
+ was small; however, in leaves, OAs, Na
+ and K
+ all played important osmotic roles. The mechanisms governing ionic balance under both stresses were different. Under salt stress, the contribution of inorganic ions to keep ion balance was greater than that of OAs. However, under alkali stress, Cl
−, H
2PO
4
− and SO
4
2− concentrations decreased, and tomato might have enhanced OA synthesis to compensate for the shortage of inorganic anions. |
Author | Liu, Jie Yang, Chunwu Ri, Yong-Jun Cao, Donghui Geng, Shujuan Shi, Decheng Wang, Xiaoping |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Xiaoping surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Xiaoping organization: Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin Province, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Shujuan surname: Geng fullname: Geng, Shujuan organization: Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin Province, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Yong-Jun surname: Ri fullname: Ri, Yong-Jun organization: Department of Agronomy, Yuanshan Agricultural University, Yuanshan 1972911, Jiangyuan Province, Republic of Korea – sequence: 4 givenname: Donghui surname: Cao fullname: Cao, Donghui organization: Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin Province, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Jie surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Jie organization: Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin Province, China – sequence: 6 givenname: Decheng surname: Shi fullname: Shi, Decheng email: shidc274@gmail.com organization: Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin Province, China – sequence: 7 givenname: Chunwu surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Chunwu email: chunwuyang@gmail.com organization: Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin Province, China |
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Keywords | Alkali stress Ionic balance Salt stress Photosynthesis Growth Osmotic adjustment Horticulture Functional response Osmoregulation Stress Salinity Salt Vegetable crop Dicotyledones Angiospermae Lycopersicon esculentum Spermatophyta Solanaceae Alkalinity Physiological parameter Adaptation |
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Snippet | ► In this study, we determined concentrations of solutes in tissue sap. ► Alkali stress has complex effects on tomato metabolism specifically root physiology.... |
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SubjectTerms | Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions Alkali stress Biological and medical sciences Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Growth Ionic balance Osmotic adjustment Photosynthesis Salt stress |
Title | Physiological responses and adaptive strategies of tomato plants to salt and alkali stresses |
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