In Situ Methodology for Studying State Driver Stress: A Between-Subjects Design Replication

Previous studies of driver stress have utilized in‐vehicle in situ questionnaires to measure driver stress during the actual commute. These studies demonstrated several important findings, but all adopted a repeated‐measures research design where each participant was exposed to counterbalanced high...

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Published inJournal of applied biobehavioral research Vol. 20; no. 1; pp. 37 - 51
Main Authors Wickens, Christine M., Wiesenthal, David L., Roseborough, James E. W.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Columbia Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.03.2015
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
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Medical research
REAL ID Act 2005-US
Research design
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Abstract Previous studies of driver stress have utilized in‐vehicle in situ questionnaires to measure driver stress during the actual commute. These studies demonstrated several important findings, but all adopted a repeated‐measures research design where each participant was exposed to counterbalanced high and low congestion conditions. This approach reduced between‐subjects variability but increased the possibility of demand characteristics. The current study replicated the findings of the in situ methodology using a between‐subjects research design. State stress was greater in heavy traffic. Time urgency, lack of perceived control, and trait susceptibility to perceiving driving as stressful contributed to higher levels of state driver stress. No gender differences in state driver stress were found. Implications of the results and future research directions are discussed.
AbstractList Previous studies of driver stress have utilized in‐vehicle in situ questionnaires to measure driver stress during the actual commute. These studies demonstrated several important findings, but all adopted a repeated‐measures research design where each participant was exposed to counterbalanced high and low congestion conditions. This approach reduced between‐subjects variability but increased the possibility of demand characteristics. The current study replicated the findings of the in situ methodology using a between‐subjects research design. State stress was greater in heavy traffic. Time urgency, lack of perceived control, and trait susceptibility to perceiving driving as stressful contributed to higher levels of state driver stress. No gender differences in state driver stress were found. Implications of the results and future research directions are discussed.
Previous studies of driver stress have utilized in‐vehicle in situ questionnaires to measure driver stress during the actual commute. These studies demonstrated several important findings, but all adopted a repeated‐measures research design where each participant was exposed to counterbalanced high and low congestion conditions. This approach reduced between‐subjects variability but increased the possibility of demand characteristics. The current study replicated the findings of the in situ methodology using a between‐subjects research design. State stress was greater in heavy traffic. Time urgency, lack of perceived control, and trait susceptibility to perceiving driving as stressful contributed to higher levels of state driver stress. No gender differences in state driver stress were found. Implications of the results and future research directions are discussed.
Author Wickens, Christine M.
Wiesenthal, David L.
Roseborough, James E. W.
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  organization: Department of Psychology, York University
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References_xml – reference: Hennessy, D. A., & Wiesenthal, D. L. (1997). The relationship between traffic congestion, driver stress and direct versus indirect coping behaviours. Ergonomics, 40, 348-361.
– reference: Hennessy, D. A., & Wiesenthal, D. L. (2002b). The relationship between driver aggression, violence, and vengeance. Violence and Victims, 17, 707-718.
– reference: Hennessy, D. A., & Wiesenthal, D. L. (2001a). Gender, driver aggression, and driver violence: An applied evaluation. Sex Roles, 44, 661-676.
– reference: White, S. M., & Rotton, J. (1998). Type of commute, behavioral aftereffects, and cardiovascular activity: A field experiment. Environment and Behavior, 30, 763-780.
– reference: Wickens, C. M., Mann, R. E., & Wiesenthal, D. L. (2013). Addressing driver aggression: Contributions from psychological science. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22, 386-391.
– reference: Wiesenthal, D. L., Hennessy, D. A., & Totten, B. (2000). The influence of music on driver stress. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 30, 1709-1719.
– reference: Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). Toronto: McGraw-Hill, Inc.
– reference: Novaco, R. W., Stokols, D., Campbell, J., & Stokols, J. (1979). Transportation, stress, and community psychology. American Journal of Community Psychology, 7, 361-380.
– reference: Kohn, P. M., & Macdonald, J. E. (1992). Hassles, anxiety, and negative wellbeing. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping, 5, 151-163.
– reference: Laetz, T. J. (1990). Predictions and perceptions: Defining the traffic congestion problem. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 38, 287-292.
– reference: Kohn, P. M., Gurevich, M., Pickering, D. I., & Macdonald, J. E. (1994). Alexithymia, reactivity, and the adverse impact of hassles based stress. Personality and Individual Differences, 16, 805-812.
– reference: Hennessy, D. A., & Wiesenthal, D. L. (2001b). Further validation of the Driving Vengeance Questionnaire. Violence & Victims, 16, 565-573.
– reference: Matthews, G., Dorn, L., & Glendon, A. I. (1991). Personality correlates of driver stress. Personality and Individual Differences, 12, 535-549.
– reference: Hennessy, D. A., & Wiesenthal, D. L. (1999). Traffic congestion, driver stress, and driver aggression. Aggressive Behavior, 25, 409-423.
– reference: Glendon, A. I., Dorn, L., Matthews, G., Gulian, E., Davies, D. R., & Debney, L. M. (1993). Reliability of the Driving Behaviour Inventory. Ergonomics, 36, 719-726.
– reference: Kline, T. J. B., & Dunn, B. (2000). Analysis of interaction terms in structural equation models: A non-technical demonstration using the deviation score approach. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 32, 127-132.
– reference: Wickens, C. M., Mann, R. E., Stoduto, G., Ialomiteanu, A., & Smart, R. G. (2011). Age group differences in self-reported road rage perpetration and victimization. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 14, 400-412.
– reference: Selzer, M. L., & Vinokur, A. (1975). Role of life events in accident causation. Mental Health and Society, 2, 36-54.
– reference: Mackay, C. J., Cox, T., Burrows, C. G., & Lazzerini, A. J. (1978). An inventory for the measurement of self-reported stress and arousal. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 17, 283-284.
– reference: Malta, L. S., Blanchard, E. B., Freidenberg, B. M., Galovski, T. E., Karl, A., & Holzapfel, S. R. (2001). Psychophysiological reactivity of aggressive drivers: An exploratory study. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 26, 95-116.
– reference: Schuirmann, D. J. (1987). A comparison of the two one-sided tests procedure and the power approach for assessing equivalence of average bioavailability. Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, 15, 657-680.
– reference: Skinner, E. A. (1996). A guide to constructs of control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 549-570.
– reference: Hennessy, D. A., Wiesenthal, D. L., & Kohn, P. M. (2000). The influence of traffic congestion, daily hassles, and trait stress susceptibility on state driver stress: An interactive perspective. Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research, 5, 162-179.
– reference: Wickens, C. M., Mann, R. E., Stoduto, G., Butters, J. E., Ialomiteanu, A., & Smart, R. G. (2012). Does gender moderate the relationship between driver aggression and its risk factors? Accident Analysis and Prevention, 45, 10-18.
– reference: Wickens, C. M., & Wiesenthal, D. L. (2005). State driver stress as a function of occupational stress, traffic congestion, and trait stress susceptibility. Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research, 10, 83-97.
– reference: Gulian, E., Matthews, G., Glendon, A. I., Davies, D. R., & Debney, L. M. (1989). Dimensions of driver stress. Ergonomics, 32, 585-602.
– reference: Matthews, G., Dorn, L., Hoyes, W., Davies, D. R., Glendon, A. I., & Taylor, R. G. (1998). Driver stress and performance on a driving simulator. Human Factors, 40, 136-149.
– reference: Hennessy, D. A., & Wiesenthal, D. L. (2002a). Aggression, violence, and vengeance among male and female drivers. Transportation Quarterly, 56, 65-75.
– reference: Glass, D. C., & Singer, J. E. (1972). Urban stress. New York: Academic Press.
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  year: 2002a
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  publication-title: Ergonomics
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  article-title: A guide to constructs of control
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  publication-title: Current Directions in Psychological Science
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  publication-title: Anxiety, Stress, and Coping
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  publication-title: Aggressive Behavior
– volume: 32
  start-page: 127
  year: 2000
  end-page: 132
  article-title: Analysis of interaction terms in structural equation models: A non‐technical demonstration using the deviation score approach
  publication-title: Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science
– volume: 14
  start-page: 400
  year: 2011
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  publication-title: Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour
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Snippet Previous studies of driver stress have utilized in‐vehicle in situ questionnaires to measure driver stress during the actual commute. These studies...
Previous studies of driver stress have utilized in‐vehicle in situ questionnaires to measure driver stress during the actual commute. These studies...
Previous studies of driver stress have utilized in-vehicle in situ questionnaires to measure driver stress during the actual commute. These studies...
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SubjectTerms Medical research
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Research design
Title In Situ Methodology for Studying State Driver Stress: A Between-Subjects Design Replication
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https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fjabr.12029
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Volume 20
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